Abstract: A method and apparatus keeps ice from interfering with the flow of cryogenic particles entrained in a flow exiting a blast nozzle during continuous operation of a particle blast system. A fluid stream having appropriate temperature, moisture content and flow rate flows through an annular passageway which surrounds the nozzle.

Abstract: A fragmenter provides fragmentation of frangible blast media entrained in a subsonic flow. The flow is converged prior to reaching a fragmenting element, and the convergence may be followed by a constant cross-section area section. Immediately upstream and downstream of the fragmenting element may be an expansion area to reduce the potential of water ice buildup.

Abstract: A particle blast apparatus transport is capable of generating granular sized particles and delivering them without substantial storage to a single hose feeder assembly. The apparatus is configured to be used with solid blocks of cryogenic material, such as carbon dioxide, and with individual pellets of such material.

Abstract: A particle blast apparatus transport is capable of generating granular sized particles and delivering them without substantial storage to a single hose feeder assembly. The apparatus is configured to be used with solid blocks of cryogenic material, such as carbon dioxide, and with individual pellets of such material.

Abstract: A fragmenter provides fragmentation of frangible blast media entrained in a subsonic flow. The flow is converged prior to reaching a fragmenting element, and the convergence may be followed by a constant cross-section area section. Immediately upstream and downstream of the fragmenting element may be an expansion area to reduce the potential of water ice buildup.

Abstract: An entrained particle flow turning device capable of turning entrained particle fluid flow about an abrupt turn without significant particle size and mass degradation provides significant improvement as part of a complete particle blast system. The turning base allows for preservation of independent particle mass during fluid transportation through a delivery hose ending with passage into a blast nozzle through an abrupt angular change in particle direction. The turning base allows access and confined areas for preferred ergonomic characteristics.

Abstract: A convergent-divergent Single/Multiple Expansion wave contour wall and wave Reflection solid wall Nozzle (S/MERN) for use with particle blast systems is provided which includes a single contoured converging-diverging wall opposing a generally flat, solid wall disposed generally parallel to the direction of the jet flow. The transition from a circular delivery hose to the rectangular throat of the S/MERN nozzle is preferably in only one dimension, with the distance between the side support walls being substantially the same as the diameter of the delivery hose. The S/MERN nozzle relies on reflection from the flat, solid wall for Mach wave expansions, rather than reflections of opposing expansion waves as in conventional nozzles.