Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to a method of voltage control for at least one wind turbine generator configured to absorb and supply reactive power on demand, the method comprises: receiving a dispatch signal from a power plant controller indicating a reactive power set point; determining a terminal voltage level of the at least one wind turbine generator; generating a reactive power correction value based on a deviation of the terminal voltage level from a voltage set point; adjusting the reactive power set point by the reactive power correction value; and controlling the at least one wind turbine generator according to the adjusted reactive power set point.

Abstract: The invention relates to flame-proofed polyurethane hard foam material or polyurethane/polyisocyanurate hard foam material (designated below individually or jointly also as “PUR/PIR hard foam material”) comprising phosphinates (also hypophosphite), and to a method for producing PUR/PIR hard foam materials through the implementation of a reaction mixture containing A1 an isocyanate-reactive component, A2 propellant, A3 catalyst, A4 optionally additive, A5 flame-proofing agent, B an isocyanate component, characterised in that the flame-proofing agent A5 contains a phosphine according to the formula (I)M[(R)2PO2]n, where R=in each case stands for H, C1- to C4-(hydroxy-)alkyl group or benzyl group, M=an element of the main groups 1 to 3, wherein hydrogen is excepted, and n=the number of the main group of M, and the proportion of the phosphine according to the formula (I) is 0.1 to 15 wt %, based on the total mass of components A1 to A5.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing polyester polyols containing monools, and to their use, in particular for preparing polyurethane/polyisocyanurate rigid foams (also referred to hereafter as PUR/PIR rigid foams) with improved fire performance.

Abstract: The invention relates to flame-proofed polyurethane hard foam material or polyurethane/polyisocyanurate hard foam material (designated below individually or jointly also as “PUR/PIR hard foam material”) comprising phosphinates (also hypophosphite), and to a method for producing PUR/PIR hard foam materials through the implementation of a reaction mixture containing A1 an isocyanate-reactive component, A2 propellant, A3 catalyst, A4 optionally additive, A5 flame-proofing agent, B an isocyanate component, characterised in that the flame-proofing agent A5 contains a phosphine according to the formula (I)M[(R)2PO2]n, where R=in each case stands for H, C1- to C4-(hydroxy-)alkyl group or benzyl group, M=an element of the main groups 1 to 3, wherein hydrogen is excepted, and n=the number of the main group of M, and the proportion of the phosphine according to the formula (I) is 0.1 to 15 wt %, based on the total mass of components A1 to A5.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing PUR/PIR rigid foam materials, having the steps of reacting at least one polyester polyol (a), which can be obtained by reacting a. I.) at least one cyclic carboxylic acid anhydride; a.2.) at least one low-molecular dial with a molecular mass of 62 to 450 Da; and a.3.) at least one alkylene oxide; by esterifying the components a.I.) and a.2.) and subsequently oxalkylating the resulting carboxylic acid half-ester using component a.3.); wherein at least the oxalkylation is carried out using a.4.) at least one amine catalyst in which (the) nitrogen atom(s) is/are part of an aromatic ring system, with (b) at least one polyisocyanate-containing component, (c) at least one propellant, (d) at least one or more catalysts, (e) optionally at one flameproofing agent and/or other auxiliary agents, and (f) optionally at least one additional compound with at least two groups which are reactive towards isocyanates and which differ from polyester polyol (a).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a special process for preparing polyesterols having terminal hydroxyl groups and containing imide groups, to the polyesters per se, and to their use for the preparation of polyurethanes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing liquid, storage-stable isocyanate mixtures having carbodiimide (CD) and/or uretonimine (UI) groups or prepolymers derived therefrom, wherein (i) in a first step, a starting isocyanate which is an organic isocyanate or a mixture of two or more organic isocyanates is partly carbodiimidized with a catalyst K of the formula cyclo-C4H6P(O)R, where the substituent R is a saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted, especially halogen-substituted, organic radical, and then (ii) in a second step, the carbodiimidization reaction is stopped at a temperature of ?80° C. by adding a stopper, the stopper used being an organic silane S of the general formula HnSiX4-n, where n is a natural number in the range from 1 to 3, where X is a saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted, especially halogen-substituted, organic radical.

Abstract: The invention relates to foam materials that are resistant to high temperatures, to the production of same from aromatic polyisocyanates and polyepoxides, and to the use of said foam materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing liquid, storage-stable isocyanate mixtures having carbodiimide (CD) and/or uretonimine (UI) groups or prepolymers derived therefrom, wherein (i) in a first step, a starting isocyanate which is an organic isocyanate or a mixture of two or more organic isocyanates is partly carbodiimidized with a catalyst K of the formula cyclo-C4H6P(O)R, where the substituent R is a saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted, especially halogen-substituted, organic radical, and then (ii) in a second step, the carbodiimidization reaction is stopped at a temperature of ?80° C. by adding a stopper, the stopper used being an organic silane S of the general formula HnSiX4-n, where n is a natural number in the range from 1 to 3, where X is a saturated or unsaturated, optionally substituted, especially halogen-substituted, organic radical.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing PUR/PIR rigid foam materials, having the steps of reacting at least one polyester polyol (a), which can be obtained by reacting a. I.) at least one cyclic carboxylic acid anhydride; a.2.) at least one low-molecular dial with a molecular mass of 62 to 450 Da; and a.3.) at least one alkylene oxide; by esterifying the components a.I.) and a.2.) and subsequently oxalkylating the resulting carboxylic acid half-ester using component a.3.); wherein at least the oxalkylation is carried out using a.4.) at least one amine catalyst in which (the) nitrogen atom(s) is/are part of an aromatic ring system, with (b) at least one polyisocyanate-containing component, (c) at least one propellant, (d) at least one or more catalysts, (e) optionally at one flameproofing agent and/or other auxiliary agents, and (f) optionally at least one additional compound with at least two groups which are reactive towards isocyanates and which differ from polyester polyol (a).

Abstract: The invention relates to foam materials that are resistant to high temperatures, to the production of same from aromatic polyisocyanates and polyepoxides, and to the use of said foam materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to high-temperature-resistant foams having excellent flame retardancy, to the production thereof from organic polyisocyanates and polyepoxides, and to the use of said foams.

Abstract: The invention relates to temperature-resistant foams with a high degree of flame resistance, to the production of same from aromatic isocyanates and polyepoxides using incorporable catalysts and with formic acid as a blowing agent, and to the use of said foams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing isocyanurates and isocyanurate-containing polyurethanes, comprising the step of reacting an isocyanate in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyurethane/polyisocyanurate foam with improved dimensional stability. It relates further to the use thereof in the production of metal composite elements, to metal composite elements produced therewith, and to a method for producing metal composite elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the pretreatment of material surfaces in order to minimize the interaction between polycarbonate and metal and, in the processing and synthesis of polycarbonate, to obtain a high-quality polymer which in particular does not become discolored and is free of insoluble constituents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the pretreatment of material surfaces in order to minimize the interaction between polycarbonate and metal and, in the processing and synthesis of polycarbonate, to obtain a high-quality polymer which in particular does not become discoloured and is free of insoluble constituents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of liquid, storage-stable isocyanate mixtures with a low color index having carbodiimide-(CD) and/or uretone imine (UI) groups, the isocyanate mixtures that can be obtained by this process and their use for the production of blends with other isocyanates or for the production of isocyanate group-containing pre-polymers and also of polyurethane plastics, preferably polyurethane foamed plastics.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved process for the production of isocyanates by the reaction of an amine or a mixture of two or more amines with phosgene, the improvement involving the phosgene containing less than about 100 ppm of sulfur in elemental or bound form. The inventive process yields light-colored isocyanates that are suitable for the production of polyurethanes or their precursors (e.g. prepolymers) without the treatment processes heretofore required.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of polyamines of the diphenylmethane series. This process comprises a) reacting aniline and formaldehyde in a molar ratio of 1.5:1 to 6:1, in the presence of an acid catalyst at temperatures of 20° C. to 100° C., in which the water content in the acid reaction mixture is <20 wt. % and a degree of protonation of <15% is established, and b) increasing the temperature of the reaction to a temperature of 110° C. to 250° C. when the ratio of the weight contents of p-aminobenzylaniline to 4,4?-MDA in the reaction mixture falls below a value of 1.00.