Abstract: A gas cleaning method includes: (a) removing a first metal element as one of contaminants from a process chamber by supplying a chlorine-containing gas into the process chamber without supplying an oxygen-containing gas; and (b) removing a second metal element as another one of the contaminants from the process chamber by supplying the oxygen-containing gas into the process chamber, wherein (b) is performed after (a).

Abstract: An oil level gauge guide apparatus including a body of an internal combustion engine, a case member attached to the body so as to cover a moving part disposed on a side of the body, a passage forming member forming a gauge passage through which an oil level gauge passes between the body and the case member, and a guide portion provided at a lower part of the passage forming member to guide the oil level gauge to the gauge passage. The body and the case member include a first and second facing surfaces facing each other so as to form a space to accommodate the moving part and the guide portion is extended along the gauge passage and protruded from one of the first facing surface and the second facing surface to the other of the first facing surface and the second facing surface.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine unit including an internal combustion engine body, a balancer device attached to a lower portion of the internal combustion engine body, and an oil pan attached to the lower portion of the internal combustion engine body so as to surround the balancer device. The balancer device is disposed facing an outlet of an oil outflow hole, and the oil outflow hole is formed in the internal combustion engine body so as to return a lubricating oil in the internal combustion engine body to the oil pan.

Abstract: An oil level gauge guide apparatus including a body of an internal combustion engine, a case member attached to the body so as to cover a moving part disposed on a side of the body, a passage forming member forming a gauge passage through which an oil level gauge passes between the body and the case member, and a guide portion provided at a lower part of the passage forming member to guide the oil level gauge to the gauge passage. The body and the case member include a first and second facing surfaces facing each other so as to form a space to accommodate the moving part and the guide portion is extended along the gauge passage and protruded from one of the first facing surface and the second facing surface to the other of the first facing surface and the second facing surface.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus includes a tilt detection unit that detects a tilt in the vertical direction, conversion data used for transforming plane coordinates into spherical coordinates, a correction unit that corrects the conversion data according to the tilt, a plurality of image capturing units, a coordinate transformation unit that transforms plane coordinates of a plurality of pixels included in images captured by the image capturing units into spherical coordinates according to the conversion data corrected by the correction unit, and a combining unit that combines the images including the pixels transformed into spherical coordinates by the coordinate transformation unit.

Abstract: An imaging system includes an imaging body having an optical system and an imaging element, a power supplier configured to supply power to the imaging element, and a housing configured to hold the imaging body and the power supplier, wherein the optical system includes at least one optical element projecting from the housing, and a distance AP between a gravity center A of a portion including the optical system and a gravity center P of the entire imaging system and a distance BP between a gravity center B of the power supplier and the gravity center P of the entire imaging system satisfy the following condition.

Abstract: An image capture system including two imaging systems of the same structure each having a wide-angle lens, which includes a front group, a reflection surface, and a rear group arranged in order from an object side, has a field angle larger than 180 degrees, and bends an optical axis of the front group toward the rear group by the reflection surface, and an imaging sensor, obtains an image in a solid angle of 4? radian by combining images imaged by the imaging systems. Each of the two wide-angle lenses includes the reflection surface between the front group and the rear group, the reflection surfaces are made to be common to the two imaging systems. This reduces an interval between lenses nearest to the object side in the front groups of the two wide-angle lenses, thereby reducing a distance between maximum field angles of the two wide-angle lenses.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine unit including an internal combustion engine body, a balancer device attached to a lower portion of the internal combustion engine body, and an oil pan attached to the lower portion of the internal combustion engine body so as to surround the balancer device. The balancer device is disposed facing an outlet of an oil outflow hole, and the oil outflow hole is formed in the internal combustion engine body so as to return a lubricating oil in the internal combustion engine body to the oil pan.

Abstract: An imaging device includes two imaging optical systems each of the imaging optical systems including a wide-angle lens having an angle of view wider than 180 degrees, and an imaging sensor configured to image an image by the wide-angle lens, so as to obtain an image in a solid angle of 4? radian by synthesizing the images by the respective imaging optical systems, wherein the wide-angle lens of each of the imaging optical systems includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a front group having a negative power, a reflection surface and a back group having a positive power, and is configured to bend an optical axis of the front group by the reflection surface at 90 degrees toward the back group.

Abstract: An image processor includes a first converter to convert input images into images in a different coordinate system from that of the input images according to first conversion data based on a projection model, a position detector to detect a connecting position of the images converted by the converter, a corrector to correct the first conversion data on the basis of a result of the detection by the position detector, and a data generator to generate second conversion data for image synthesis from the conversion data corrected by the corrector on the basis of coordinate conversion, the second conversion data defining the conversion of the input images.

Abstract: Recesses are formed in edge portions of a bearing cap bridge from second fastening portions toward first fastening portions, and when seen in an orthogonal direction to the cylinder block bottom wall, third fastening portions that fasten an engine auxiliary device driven by a crankshaft to the cylinder block bottom wall are arranged in spaces R1 to R4 that are demarcated by first imaginary lines L1, which pass through the second fastening portions and are orthogonal to a crankshaft axial line A, and outlines of the recesses.

Abstract: An image processor includes a first converter to convert input images into images in a different coordinate system from that of the input images according to first conversion data based on a projection model, a position detector to detect a connecting position of the images converted by the converter, a corrector to correct the first conversion data on the basis of a result of the detection by the position detector, and a data generator to generate second conversion data for image synthesis from the conversion data corrected by the corrector on the basis of coordinate conversion, the second conversion data defining the conversion of the input images.

Abstract: An optical system includes a central portion having a magnification per unit angle of view which increases from a center to an outside at an increase rate and a circumferential portion being outside the central portion and having a magnification per unit of view which increases from the central portion to an outside at an increase rate smaller than the increase rate of the central portion.

Abstract: Recesses are formed in edge portions of a bearing cap bridge from second fastening portions toward first fastening portions, and when seen in an orthogonal direction to the cylinder block bottom wall, third fastening portions that fasten an engine auxiliary device driven by a crankshaft to the cylinder block bottom wall are arranged in spaces R1 to R4 that are demarcated by first imaginary lines L1, which pass through the second fastening portions and are orthogonal to a crankshaft axial line A, and outlines of the recesses.

Abstract: An imaging system includes an imaging body having an optical system and an imaging element, a power supplier configured to supply power to the imaging element, and a housing configured to hold the imaging body and the power supplier, wherein the optical system includes at least one optical element projecting from the housing, and a distance AP between a gravity center A of a portion including the optical system and a gravity center P of the entire imaging system and a distance BP between a gravity center B of the power supplier and the gravity center P of the entire imaging system satisfy the following condition.

Abstract: An imaging system includes an imaging body having an optical system and an imaging element, a power supplier configured to supply power to the imaging element, and a housing configured to hold the imaging body and the power supplier, wherein the optical system includes at least one optical element projecting from the housing, and a distance AP between a gravity center A of a portion including the optical system and a gravity center P of the entire imaging system and a distance BP between a gravity center B of the power supplier and the gravity center P of the entire imaging system satisfy the following condition.

Abstract: An imaging device includes two imaging optical systems each of the imaging optical systems including a wide-angle lens having an angle of view wider than 180 degrees, and an imaging sensor configured to image an image by the wide-angle lens, so as to obtain an image in a solid angle of 4? radian by synthesizing the images by the respective imaging optical systems, wherein the wide-angle lens of each of the imaging optical systems includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a front group having a negative power, a reflection surface and a back group having a positive power, and is configured to bend an optical axis of the front group by the reflection surface at 90 degrees toward the back group.

Abstract: An imaging device includes two imaging optical systems each of the imaging optical systems including a wide-angle lens having an angle of view wider than 180 degrees, and an imaging sensor configured to image an image by the wide-angle lens, so as to obtain an image in a solid angle of 4? radian by synthesizing the images by the respective imaging optical systems, wherein the wide-angle lens of each of the imaging optical systems includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a front group having a negative power, a reflection surface and a back group having a positive power, and is configured to bend an optical axis of the front group by the reflection surface at 90 degrees toward the back group.

Abstract: An image capture system including two imaging systems of the same structure each having a wide-angle lens, which includes a front group, a reflection surface, and a rear group arranged in order from an object side, has a field angle larger than 180 degrees, and bends an optical axis of the front group toward the rear group by the reflection surface, and an imaging sensor, obtains an image in a solid angle of 4? radian by combining images imaged by the imaging systems. Each of the two wide-angle lenses includes the reflection surface between the front group and the rear group, the reflection surfaces are made to be common to the two imaging systems. This reduces an interval between lenses nearest to the object side in the front groups of the two wide-angle lenses, thereby reducing a distance between maximum field angles of the two wide-angle lenses.

Abstract: An image capture system including two imaging systems of the same structure each having a wide-angle lens, which includes a front group, a reflection surface, and a rear group arranged in order from an object side, has a field angle larger than 180 degrees, and bends an optical axis of the front group toward the rear group by the reflection surface, and an imaging sensor, obtains an image in a solid angle of 4? radian by combining images imaged by the imaging systems. Each of the two wide-angle lenses includes the reflection surface between the front group and the rear group, the reflection surfaces are made to be common to the two imaging systems. This reduces an interval between lenses nearest to the object side in the front groups of the two wide-angle lenses, thereby reducing a distance between maximum field angles of the two wide-angle lenses.