Abstract: A toner image is formed on an intermediate transfer belt using a toner containing a crystalline polyester, and a recording material is interposed between the intermediate transfer belt and a secondary transfer roller having a first layer serving as a surface layer, a second layer formed of a solid layer provided on an inner peripheral side of the first layer, and a third layer formed of a porous elastic layer provided on an inner peripheral side of the second layer, and the toner image is transferred onto the recording material by the secondary transfer roller.

Abstract: A heater element includes: a honeycomb structure including an outer peripheral wall and partition walls disposed on an inner side of the outer peripheral wall, the partition walls defining a plurality of cells, each of the cells extending from a first end face to a second end face to form a flow path; a pair of electrode layers provided on the outer peripheral wall and the partition walls on the first end face and the second end face; and terminals capable of electrically connecting the electrode layers to a conducting wire. At least a part of each of the electrode layers has an extending portion extending outwardly from an outer edge of each of the first end face and the second end face. Each of the terminals is connected to the extending portion and disposed to face a side surface of the honeycomb structure.

Abstract: A heater element for heating a vehicle interior includes: a honeycomb structure comprising: an outer peripheral wall; and a partition wall disposed on an inner side of the outer peripheral wall, the partition wall defining a plurality of cells each forming a flow path from a first end face to a second end face, the outer peripheral wall and the partition wall comprising a material having a PTC property; and a pair of electrodes provided on the first end face and the second end face. Each of the first end face and the second end face of the honeycomb structure is rectangular. The heater element for heating the vehicle interior further includes a pair of connectors, each of the connectors being connected to the electrode from one short side of each of the first end face and the second end face.

Abstract: A heater element includes: a honeycomb structure having an outer peripheral wall and partition walls disposed on an inner side of the outer peripheral wall, the partition walls defining a plurality of cells each forming a flow path from a first end face to a second end face, the outer peripheral wall and the partition walls made of a material having a PTC property; and a pair of electrode layers provided on a surface of the outer peripheral wall. The honeycomb structure has a shape having a long axis and a short axis in a cross section orthogonal to a central axis.

Abstract: A ceramic body mainly based on BaTiO3-based crystalline particles in which a part of Ba is substituted with at least one rare earth element and at least one alkaline earth metal element. The ceramic body contains from 1.0 to 8.0% by mass of Ba6Ti17O40 crystalline particles. The BaTiO3-based crystal particles have a substituted amount of one mol of the Ba with the alkaline earth metal element of 0.01 to 0.10 mol.

Abstract: A heater element with a functional material-containing layer includes: a honeycomb structure including an outer peripheral wall and partition walls disposed on an inner side of the outer peripheral wall, the partition walls defining a plurality of cells, each of the cells extending from a first end face to a second end face to form a flow path, at least the partition walls being made of a material having a PTC property; a pair of electrodes provided on the first end face and the second end face of the honeycomb structure; and a functional material-containing layer provided on a surface of the partition walls.

Abstract: A heater element for heating a vehicle interior includes a pillar shaped honeycomb structure portion having: an outer peripheral wall; and partition walls arranged on an inner side of the outer peripheral wall, the partition walls defining a plurality of cells, each of the cells forming a flow path from a first end face to a second end face. The outer peripheral wall and the partition walls are made of a material having PTC characteristics. The heater element further includes a dense insulating film that covers at least a part of the pillar shaped honeycomb structure portion.

Abstract: A ceramic body being configured of mainly BaTiO3-based crystalline particles in which a part of Ba is substituted with at least one rare earth element, wherein the ceramic body contains Ba6Ti17O40 crystalline particles of from 1.0 to 10.0% by mass.

Abstract: A honeycomb structure has a plurality of cells formed by a plurality of partition walls. The partition walls are formed of a porous material composed predominantly of cordierite. Each partition wall includes surface layer portions having a porosity of 50% or more and an inside portion having a porosity of 50% or more, the surface layer portions being portions ranging respectively from opposite surfaces to a depth corresponding to 25% of the thickness of the partition wall, and the inside portion being the other portion. The surface layer portions and the inside portion both include pores having axial pore widths of less than 30 ?m and pores having axial pore widths of 30 ?m or more. A mean axial pore width in the surface layer portions is smaller than a mean axial pore width in the inside portion.

Abstract: A heater element for vehicle compartment heating in a vehicle, including a pillar-shaped honeycomb structure portion having: an outer peripheral side wall; and partition walls disposed inside the outer peripheral side wall, the partition walls defining a plurality of cells which form flow paths from a first end face to a second end face; wherein the partition walls have PTC characteristics; an average thickness of the partition walls is 0.13 mm or less; and an open frontal area on the first and second end faces is 0.81 or more.

Abstract: A honeycomb structure has a plurality of cells formed by a plurality of partition walls. The partition walls are formed of a porous material composed predominantly of cordierite. Each partition wall includes surface layer portions having a porosity of 50% or more and an inside portion having a porosity of 50% or more, the surface layer portions being portions ranging respectively from opposite surfaces to a depth corresponding to 25% of the thickness of the partition wall, and the inside portion being the other portion. The surface layer portions and the inside portion both include pores having axial pore widths of less than 30 ?m and pores having axial pore widths of 30 ?m or more. A mean axial pore width in the surface layer portions is smaller than a mean axial pore width in the inside portion.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus including: a fixer that fixes a color material on a medium to the medium; a heater that heats a zone set in the color material fixed to the medium by the fixer; and a hardware processor that controls operations of the fixer and the heater, wherein the hardware processor performs adjustment of glossiness in an image fixed by the fixer and performs adjustment of glossiness in the zone heated by the heater, respectively, based on gloss information indicating glossiness in each part of a target image recorded on the medium.

Abstract: A heater part of a planar sensor element includes: a Pt heater element; and an insulating layer including 90-99.9 wt % of an insulating material having a different coefficient of thermal expansion from a solid electrolyte forming a base part of the element. The heater part other than a heater electrode is buried in the base part. The heater element has a thickness of 10-50 ?m and is covered with the insulating layer. The insulating layer has a porosity of 4% or less and a thickness of 50-150 ?m. The distances of the insulating layer from an end portion of the element, from a main surface on which the heater electrode is located, and from a side surface of the element are respectively 0.25-0.75 mm, 0.20-0.60 mm, and 0.20-0.60 mm. The total length of the element is 80.0 mm or less.

Abstract: A heater part of a planar sensor element includes: a heater element containing Pt; an insulating layer covering the heater element; and a heater electrode located on a main surface of the sensor element to be exposed. A portion of the heater part other than the heater electrode is buried in a base part formed of a solid electrolyte. The insulating layer at least contains MgO, MgAl2O4, and Mg4Nb2O9 in a weight percentage of 97 wt % to 100 wt % in total. MgO, MgAl2O4, and Mg4Nb2O9 are contained in weight percentages of 30 wt % to 60 wt %, 30 wt % to 60 wt %, and 0.5 wt % to 15 wt %, respectively. The insulating layer has a porosity of 4% or less.

Abstract: A heater part of a planar sensor element includes: a Pt heater element; and an insulating layer including 90-99.9 wt % of an insulating material having a different coefficient of thermal expansion from a solid electrolyte forming a base part of the element. The heater part other than a heater electrode is buried in the base part. The insulating layer includes: a porous portion having a porosity of 20-40%; and a dense portion having a porosity of 4% or less. The heater element is covered with the dense portion. A laminated portion in which the porous portion and the dense portion are laminated has a total thickness of 25-100 ?m. The dense portion has a thickness of 5 ?m or more. A thickness ratio of the dense portion to the porous portion is 0.05 to 2.0.

Abstract: A fixing device is configured to fix a toner image to a sheet by heat and includes: a heating rotator; a pressurizing roller contacting with the heating rotator; a heater configured to heat the heating rotator such that the heat is transferred to the sheet passing through a contact portion between the heating rotator and the pressurizing roller; a plurality of separation claws configured to separate the sheet from the heating rotator such that the sheet passing through the contact portion is not caught in the heating rotator, the separation claws being provided opposite to the heating rotator; and an adjustor configured to adjust positions of the separation claws relative to the heating rotator such that distances between the separation claws and the heating rotator are equal to each other.

Abstract: A fixing device includes: a fixing rotator; a pressure rotator configured to be pressed into contact with the fixing rotator to form a nip portion; a heating section configured to be provided over an outer circumference of the fixing rotator in a non-contact manner with the fixing rotator and heat the fixing rotator; and a power shutdown section configured to shut down power supply to the heating section when temperature becomes higher than a predetermined setting temperature, wherein the heating section includes an infrared heater and a reflection member which covers the infrared heater and whose portion facing the fixing rotator is an opening portion, a longitudinal length of the reflection member is longer than a length in an axis direction of a light emitting unit of the infrared heater, and a temperature detection unit of the power shutdown section is arranged outside the reflection member.

Abstract: The honeycomb structure includes a honeycomb structure body made of a zeolite material containing at least a coarse particle zeolite having a large average particle diameter (coarse zeolite particles). A fine particle zeolite having an average particle diameter smaller than that of the coarse particle zeolite (fine zeolite particles), and an inorganic bonding material, the coarse particle zeolite (the coarse zeolite particles) is a chabazite type zeolite in which an average particle diameter of primary particles is 2 ?m or more and 6 ?m or less, and in the fine particle zeolite (the fine zeolite particles), an average particle diameter of primary particles is 0.02 ?m or more and smaller than 2 ?m, and in the zeolite material which is comprised the honeycomb structure body, a ratio of a volume of pores having pore diameters of 0.02 to 0.15 ?m to a volume of all pores is 42% or less.

Abstract: A fixing apparatus includes: an endless fixing belt; a pad member having a receiving surface and a supported surface; a pressing rotator pressing the fixing belt against the receiving surface and forming a nip portion between an outer circumferential surface of the fixing belt and the pressing rotator; a supporting member supporting the pad member; and a heating source to heat the fixing belt. The supporting member includes a base abutting on the supported surface of the pad member, and an erected wall erected from the base to partition a space inside the fixing belt into an upstream space and a downstream space. The erected wall is disposed upstream or downstream in a recording-material transport direction, from an intermediate position of the nip portion. The heating source is disposed in a larger one of the upstream space and the downstream space.

Abstract: The manufacturing method includes a step of mixing a coarse particle zeolite, a fine particle zeolite, and a raw material of an inorganic bonding material to prepare a zeolite raw material; a step of forming the prepared zeolite raw material into a honeycomb shape to prepare a honeycomb formed body; and a step of firing the prepared honeycomb formed body to prepare the honeycomb structure. In the step of preparing the zeolite raw material, as the coarse particle zeolite, a chabazite type zeolite having a specific average particle diameter, the fine particle zeolite having a specific average particle diameter, the raw material of the inorganic bonding material which includes at least basic aluminum lactate is used.