Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for ameliorating and/or preventing leptin resistance. The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention contains flurbiprofen.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for ameliorating and/or preventing leptin resistance. The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention contains flurbiprofen.

Abstract: There is disclosed a package which does not have a very large package height even when containing products, whereby the deterioration of a transport efficiency can be prevented, and which can realize stacking in a large number of stages while avoiding the damage of honeycomb structures. The honeycomb structure package includes a plate base, a receiving member which is disposed on the base to support the side surface portions of honeycomb structures, and a rectangular parallelepiped box member constituted of five rigid panels which surround the lower surfaces and side surfaces of the base and the receiving member.

Abstract: A packaging body for a honeycomb structure including two trays formed with a pocket having a shape complementary to an end face portion of a honeycomb structure and a shallow box-like tray pack surrounding from the outside and containing the one on the side of a lower end face portion of the honeycomb structure of the two trays, the packaging body for a honeycomb structure enables a lateral access from a side (side face) so that a robot arm and hand can easily put in or take out the honeycomb structure.

Abstract: There is disclosed means for satisfactorily storing or transporting a columnar product formed of a brittle material which is easily damaged. The means is a plate-like tray 1 including two pockets. In this tray 1, a bottom surface forming the pockets 4 has bottom surface raised portions, and side surfaces forming the pockets 4 have side surface raised portions. When a brittle columnar body is held or transported using this tray 1, damage can be prevented.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an optical waveguide device and an optical waveguide module having the function to multiplex/demultiplex or couple/decouple optical signals and particularly to provide an optical waveguide device and an optical waveguide module for realizing low optical loss, reducing wavelength dependence and ensuring easier shape management in the manufacturing and inspection processes. The optical waveguide device and optical waveguide module are provided with a substrate, one or more first waveguides, a plurality of second waveguides, and a slab waveguide for connecting the first waveguides and the second waveguides. At a region where the second waveguides are connected to the slab waveguide, a plurality of waveguide paths are provided for respectively connecting the second waveguides. Width of the waveguide paths is constant. The width of the separation gap between waveguide paths progressively increases as it becomes further away from the slab waveguide.

Abstract: An arrayed waveguide element having flat optical frequency characteristics, and an optical communication system using such arrayed waveguide element are realized by providing the arrayed waveguide element 131 that is prepared by forming an inputting channel waveguide 133 as well as an outputting channel waveguide 134, a channel waveguide array 135, a first sector form slab waveguide 136 for connecting the inputting channel waveguide 133 with the channel waveguide array 135, and a second sector form slab waveguide 137 for connecting the outputting channel waveguide 134 with the channel waveguide array 135 on a substrate 132. A waveguide part 152 wherein the outputting channel waveguide 134 is connected with the second sector form slab waveguide 137 is defined in a parabolic configuration, whereby flat optical frequency characteristics are realized.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an optical waveguide device and an optical waveguide module having the function to multiplex/demultiplex or couple/decouple optical signals and particularly to provide an optical waveguide device and an optical waveguide module for realizing low optical loss, reducing wavelength dependence and ensuring easier shape management in the manufacturing and inspection processes. The optical waveguide device and optical waveguide module are provided with a substrate, one or more first waveguides, a plurality of second waveguides, and a slab waveguide for connecting the first waveguides and the second waveguides. At a region where the second waveguides are connected to the slab waveguide, a plurality of waveguide paths are provided for respectively connecting the second waveguides. Width of the waveguide paths is constant.

Abstract: First channel waveguides 1021 to 1023 of an array waveguide grating are connected via a first to a third exponential function shape optical waveguide 1111 to 1113 to a first sector-shape slab waveguide 105. In a second boundary part 109 which is disposed symmetrically with a first boundary part 108 via a channel waveguide array 104, second channel waveguides 1031 to 1033 are connected via a first to a third taper shape optical waveguide 1121 to 1123 to a second sector-shape slab waveguide 106. By adopting exponential function shape optical waveguides 111 at least partly, the optical frequency characteristics can be improved compared to the case of the second degree function shape, and also the degree of freedom can also be improved compared to the case of the rectangular shape.

Abstract: An arrayed waveguide element having flat optical frequency characteristics, and an optical communication system using such arrayed waveguide element are realized by providing the arrayed waveguide element 131 that is prepared by forming an inputting channel waveguide 133 as well as an outputting channel waveguide 134, a channel waveguide array 135, a first sector form slab waveguide 136 for connecting the inputting channel waveguide 133 with the channel waveguide array 135, and a second sector form slab waveguide 137 for connecting the outputting channel waveguide 134 with the channel waveguide array 135 on a substrate 132. A waveguide part 152 wherein the outputting channel waveguide 134 is connected with the second sector form slab waveguide 137 is defined in a parabolic configuration, whereby flat optical frequency characteristics are realized.

Abstract: An arrayed waveguide element having flat optical frequency characteristics, and an optical communication system using such arrayed waveguide element are realized by providing the arrayed waveguide element that is prepared by forming an inputting channel waveguide as well as an outputting channel waveguide, a channel waveguide array, a first sector form slab waveguide for connecting the inputting channel waveguide with the channel waveguide array, and a second sector form slab waveguide for connecting the outputting channel waveguide with the channel waveguide array on a substrate. A waveguide part wherein the outputting channel waveguide is connected with the second sector form slab waveguide is defined in a parabolic configuration, whereby flat optical frequency characteristics are realized. Furthermore, it is possible that an individual parabolic configuration is adjusted in response to a wavelength, so that it can cope with a trend of broad band in optical signals.

Abstract: First channel waveguides 1021 to 1023 of an array waveguide grating are connected via a first to a third exponential function shape optical waveguide 1111 to 1113 to a first sector-shape slab waveguide 105. In a second boundary part 109 which is disposed symmetrically with a first boundary part 108 via a channel waveguide array 104, second channel waveguides 1031 to 1033 are connected via a first to a third taper shape optical waveguide 1121 to 1123 to a second sector-shape slab waveguide 106. By adopting exponential function shape optical waveguides 111 at least partly, the optical frequency characteristics can be improved compared to the case of the second degree function shape, and also the degree of freedom can also be improved compared to the case of the rectangular shape.

Abstract: First channel waveguides 1021 to 1023 of an array waveguide grating are connected via a first to a third exponential function shape optical waveguide 1111 to 1113 to a first sector-shape slab waveguide 105. In a second boundary part 109 which is disposed symmetrically with a first boundary part 108 via a channel waveguide array 104, second channel waveguides 1031 to 1033 are connected via a first to a third taper shape optical waveguide 1121 to 1123 to a second sector-shape slab waveguide 106. By adopting exponential function shape optical waveguides 111 at least partly, the optical frequency characteristics can be improved compared to the case of the second degree function shape, and also the degree of freedom can also be improved compared to the case of the rectangular shape.

Abstract: A Mach-Zehnder interferometric optical modulator with a monitor has two branched optical waveguides for causing light waves propagated therethrough to interfere with each other. A single light beam applied to an input optical waveguide is divided by a Y-shaped divider into equal light beams which travel through respective optical waveguides. At this time, the light beams in the respective optical waveguides are phase-modulated by ±&phgr;/2 under an external electric field. The phase-modulated light beams are then combined by a Y-shaped coupler into a light beam that travels through output optical waveguides, which output from their output ends the light beams as a main signal and an inverted signal. Of the output light beams, the light beam as the inverted signal is detected as a monitor light beam by a photodetector.

Abstract: First channel waveguides 1021 to 1023 of an array waveguide grating are connected via a first to a third exponential function shape optical waveguide 1111 to 1113 to a first sector-shape slab waveguide 105. In a second boundary part 109 which is disposed symmetrically with a first boundary part 108 via a channel waveguide array 104, second channel waveguides 1031 to 1033 are connected via a first to a third taper shape optical waveguide 1121 to 1123 to a second sector-shape slab waveguide 106. By adopting exponential function shape optical waveguides 111 at least partly, the optical frequency characteristics can be improved compared to the case of the second degree function shape, and also the degree of freedom can also be improved compared to the case of the rectangular shape.

Abstract: An optical modulator is provided that not only can realize a suitable initial operating point without using dc voltage for control, but that has little optical loss and can obtain an excellent extinction ratio. The optical modulator comprises: a substrate having an electro-optical effect, first and second branch optical waveguides formed in a first major surface of the substrate; an optical branching structure for splitting input optical signal and supplying the split signals to the branch optical waveguides; and a 3-dB directional coupler that couples the outputs of the first and second branch optical waveguides. The ratio of nonuniformity, which is represented by the difference in propagation constants of the two optical waveguides in 3-dB directional coupler, to the coupling coefficient of the 3-dB directional coupler is 1 to at least 5, preferably 1 to at least 15, and still more preferably, 1 to at least 20.

Abstract: An arrayed waveguide element having flat optical frequency characteristics, and an optical communication system using such arrayed waveguide element are realized by providing the arrayed waveguide element 131 that is prepared by forming an inputting channel waveguide 133 as well as an outputting channel waveguide 134, a channel waveguide array 135, a first sector form slab waveguide 136 for connecting the inputting channel waveguide 133 with the channel waveguide array 135, and a second sector form slab waveguide 137 for connecting the outputting channel waveguide 134 with the channel waveguide array 135 on a substrate 132. A waveguide part 152 wherein the outputting channel waveguide 134 is connected with the second sector form slab waveguide 137 is defined in a parabolic configuration, whereby flat optical frequency characteristics are realized.

Abstract: A Mach-Zehnder interferometric optical modulator with a monitor has two branched optical waveguides for causing light waves propagated therethrough to interfere with each other. A single light beam applied to an input optical waveguide is divided by a Y-shaped divider into equal light beams which travel through respective optical waveguides. At this time, the light beams in the respective optical waveguides are phase-modulated by ±&phgr;/2 under an external electric field. The phase-modulated light beams are then combined by a Y-shaped coupler into a light beam that travels through output optical waveguides, which output from their output ends the light beams as a main signal and an inverted signal. Of the output light beams, the light beam as the inverted signal is detected as a monitor light beam by a photodetector.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical wavelength filter, in which the light of a particular wavelength in a first linear polarization inputted from the input end of an optical waveguide formed near the surface of a substrate is transformed into a second linear polarization perpendicular to the first linear polarization by means of an elastic surface wave generated by a reed screen type electrode composed of a plurality of finger electrode portions formed on the input end side of the optical waveguide, and said plurality of finger electrode portions formed in a circular arc shape are disposed each having an angle for correcting the deflection of the propagation direction of the elastic surface wave so that the elastic surface wave converges at a desired position.

Abstract: In an acousto-optic filter, a channel type optical waveguide is fabricated on a substrate. First and second surface acoustic wave transducers are mounted on the optical waveguide, respectively, in correspondence with input and output terminals thereof to transduce first and second surface acoustic waves. First and second polarization converters respectively convert only a specific wavelength component of first linearly polarized light excited at the input terminal of the optical waveguide through interaction of the first surface acoustic wave into second linearly polarized light perpendicular to the first linearly polarized light, and only a specific wavelength component of second linearly polarized light obtained by conversion of the first polarization converter through interaction of the second surface acoustic wave generated by the second surface acoustic wave transducer into first linearly polarized light.