Abstract: One field time period is formed of a plurality of subfields having at least a writing time period and a sustaining time period, of an initialization time period, the writing time period, and the sustaining time period. A display electrode pair is divided into a plurality of blocks. Starting timings of the subfields of the blocks are set to be shifted so that writing timings of two or more blocks of the plurality of blocks do not coincide with each other.

Abstract: A field emission device having cold cathode devices including an emitter and a lead electrode, and the field emission device is provided with the plural kinds of cold cathode device groups classified based on the emission property of the cold cathode device. This field emission device has a member for allowing the cold cathode device group to perform emission by successively changing the cold cathode device group that mainly performs emission based on the difference in the emission property. Thus, it is possible to maintain the emission current at a predetermined necessary value or more and to realize the long lifetime of the field emission device.

Abstract: In conventional methods of correction luminance in displays, it has been necessary to interrupt video display during use in order to carry out correction. This is a problem in that interruptions are not good for workability from the perspective of the user of the image display device. In consideration of this, the present invention realizes a display without non-uniformity in illumination with respect to both initial characteristics and change over time by measuring anode current of an FED and creating a luminance correction memory. In addition, by illuminating arbitrary pixels during video idle periods, capturing the luminance information from the pixels, and renewing a correction memory based on this luminance information, correction for change over time is possible without interrupting video display. Thus, a display device that can maintain high quality images is provided.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a driving method and a driving apparatus for a field emission device that controls emission current with stability regardless of how long the device is driven. The field emission device driving method and driving apparatus of the present invention set the actual emission current at a reference level by adjusting the amount of current which is supplied to the emitter to a reference level. The amount of current supplied to the emitter is adjusted to the reference level by increasing the driving voltage in response to driving time elapsing in a state in which the electron emission performance is sustained above the reference level.

Abstract: One field time period is formed of a plurality of subfields having at least a writing time period and a sustaining time period, of an initialization time period, the writing time period, and the sustaining time period. A display electrode pair is divided into a plurality of blocks. Starting timings of the subfields of the blocks are set to be shifted so that writing timings of two or more blocks of the plurality of blocks do not coincide with each other.

Abstract: A field-emission electron source element includes a cathode substrate, an insulating layer that is formed on the cathode substrate and has an opening, a lead electrode formed on the insulating layer, and an emitter formed in the opening. A surface layer of an electron emitting region of the emitter is doped with at least one reducing element selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Further, an image display apparatus including the above-mentioned field-emission electron source element is provided. This makes it possible to obtain not only a stable field-emission electron source element that does not cause a current drop even after a high current density operation for a long time but also a high-performance image display apparatus that can maintain a stable display performance over a long period of time.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electron-emitting element having a large operating current at a low operating voltage and excellent operation stability, and an electron source, an image display device and the like utilizing such an electron-emitting element, and further a method of fabricating such an element with few process steps at low cost. A cold cathode member is configured utilizing hybrid particle of a first particle serving to emit electrons into the space and a second particle being in the vicinity of the first particle and serving to control the position of the first particle. In this configuration, it is preferable that the first particle have a higher electron emission efficiency than the second particle and that the second particle be conductive.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube according to the present invention include a cold cathode electron gun, the cold cathode electron gun including a cold cathode array for emitting electrons through field emission, a gate electrode for controlling the field emission, a first selective electrode provided around the cold cathode array and the gate electrode, and a second selective electrode opposing the first selective electrode, and the second selective electrode is adapted to have a lower potential than the gate electrode and the first selective electrode. In accordance with this configuration, the divergence of electron beams emitted from any positions in the cold cathode array can be converged uniformly upon removing electron beams emitted at a great emission angle. This allows the electron beams thereafter to be made narrower by an electrostatic lens. As a result, the present invention can provide a cathode ray tube capable of forming a high-resolution image.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a field emission device that emits an electron beam bundle whose spot profile on a display screen has as little distortion as possible, and that maintains a stable electron emission property regardless of the length of a driving time, a CRT apparatus equipped with such field emission device, and a production method of such CRT apparatus. The field emission device (10) has, on a surface of a substrate (11), a plurality of cathode electrodes (12) parallel to each other, an insulation layer (13), and a plurality of extraction electrodes (14) parallel to each other, in the stated order, the cathode electrodes (12) and the extraction electrodes (14) being orthogonal to each other and so yielding a plurality of crossover regions. At the crossover regions, electron emission zones (15) each made up of four emitters (16) are formed.

Abstract: A field emission electron source includes: a field emission array portion composed of an insulation layer with a plurality of apertures, which is formed on a substrate, an extraction electrode formed on the insulation layer, and a plurality of cathodes formed respectively on the substrate in the plurality of apertures; a cathode base for fixing the field emission array portion; and an electron lens portion composed of a plurality of electrode members having a function of accelerating and converging an electron beam emitted from the field emission array portion. An emission axis of the electron beam emitted from the field emission array portion has a predetermined angle with respect to an optical axis of the electron lens portion. Thus, the field emission array portion can be protected from impact caused by ions generated in the electron lens portion, thereby improving the life of a field emission electron source.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a field emission device that emits an electron beam bundle whose spot profile on a display screen has as little distortion as possible, and that maintains a stable electron emission property regardless of the length of a driving time, a CRT apparatus equipped with such field emission device, and a production method of such CRT apparatus.

Abstract: A field-emission electron source element includes a cathode substrate, an insulating layer that is formed on the cathode substrate and has an opening, a lead electrode formed on the insulating layer, and an emitter formed in the opening. A surface layer of an electron emitting region of the emitter is doped with at least one reducing element selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Further, an image display apparatus including the above-mentioned field-emission electron source element is provided. This makes it possible to obtain not only a stable field-emission electron source element that does not cause a current drop even after a high current density operation for a long time but also a high-performance image display apparatus that can maintain a stable display performance over a long period of time.

Abstract: An electron emission element includes a substrate, a cathode electrode formed on the substrate, an anode electrode disposed so as to be opposed to the cathode electrode, an electron emission member disposed on the cathode electrode, a control electrode disposed between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, and an insulating layer. The electron emission member includes a first member having a hole and a second member filling the hole, wherein the second member is more likely to emit electrons than the first member.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a driving method and a driving apparatus for a field emission device that controls emission current with stability regardless of how long the device is driven. The field emission device driving method and driving apparatus of the present invention set the actual emission current at a reference level by adjusting the amount of current which is supplied to the emitter to a reference level. The amount of current supplied to the emitter is adjusted to the reference level by increasing the driving voltage in response to driving time elapsing in a state in which the electron emission performance is sustained above the reference level.

Abstract: A cathode includes emitter tips provided on a substrate, a gate electrode with an electric field formed between the gate electrode and the emitter tips, and terminals and leads for supplying voltages to the emitter tips and the gate electrode, respectively. A shield electrode further is provided between the cathode and a control electrode, and the shield electrode has a cylindrical projecting portion projecting toward the cathode, through which electron beams pass. The disturbance of an electric field by the leads influences the electron beams; however, this can be prevented by the projecting portion. Because of this, even if the size of the cathode is reduced, the distortion of an electron beam spot on a phosphor screen can be reduced. As a result, a cathode-ray tube with high resolution can be provided at a low cost.

Abstract: A method is applied for operating a cold cathode having at least one electron emission portion and a control electrode for controlling an emission of electrons, in which an electron beam is extracted out of the cold cathode by applying operating voltages to the electron emission portion and the control electrode, respectively. At least one auxiliary electron emission portion is provided other than the electron emission portion positioned at an operating position for emitting electrons. In order to replace the electron emission portion to be operated, the electron emission portions are moved so that the auxiliary electron emission portion is positioned at the operating position.

Abstract: A field emission device having cold cathode devices including an emitter and a lead electrode, and the field emission device is provided with the plural kinds of cold cathode device groups classified based on the emission property of the cold cathode device. This field emission device has a member for allowing the cold cathode device group to perform emission by successively changing the cold cathode device group that mainly performs emission based on the difference in the emission property. Thus, it is possible to maintain the emission current at a predetermined necessary value or more and to realize the long lifetime of the field emission device.

Abstract: A field emission electron source includes: a field emission array portion composed of an insulation layer with a plurality of apertures, which is formed on a substrate, an extraction electrode formed on the insulation layer, and a plurality of cathodes formed respectively on the substrate in the plurality of apertures; a cathode base for fixing the field emission array portion; and an electron lens portion composed of a plurality of electrode members having a function of accelerating and converging an electron beam emitted from the field emission array portion. An emission axis of the electron beam emitted from the field emission array portion has a predetermined angle with respect to an optical axis of the electron lens portion. Thus, the field emission array portion can be protected from impact caused by ions generated in the electron lens portion, thereby improving the life of a field emission electron source.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube according to the present invention include a cold cathode electron gun, the cold cathode electron gun including a cold cathode array for emitting electrons through field emission, a gate electrode for controlling the field emission, a first selective electrode provided around the cold cathode array and the gate electrode, and a second selective electrode opposing the first selective electrode, and the second selective electrode is adapted to have a lower potential than the gate electrode and the first selective electrode. In accordance with this configuration, the divergence of electron beams emitted from any positions in the cold cathode array can be converged uniformly upon removing electron beams emitted at a great emission angle. This allows the electron beams thereafter to be made narrower by an electrostatic lens. As a result, the present invention can provide a cathode ray tube capable of forming a high-resolution image.

Abstract: A cathode includes emitter tips provided on a substrate, a gate electrode with an electric field formed between the gate electrode and the emitter tips, and terminals and leads for supplying voltages to the emitter tips and the gate electrode, respectively. A shield electrode further is provided between the cathode and a control electrode, and the shield electrode has a cylindrical projecting portion projecting toward the cathode, through which electron beams pass. The disturbance of an electric field by the leads influences the electron beams; however, this can be prevented by the projecting portion. Because of this, even if the size of the cathode is reduced, the distortion of an electron beam spot on a phosphor screen can be reduced. As a result, a cathode-ray tube with high resolution can be provided at a low cost.