Abstract: A fastening member in an embodiment consists of a bolt and a nut. A hard layer made of a metal nitride is formed on a surface of a threaded portion of the bolt or a surface of a threaded portion of the nut.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes, an image forming portion configured to form a toner image on a sheet using printing toner and apply powder adhesive on the sheet, a fixing portion configured to heat the toner image formed on the sheet and the powder adhesive applied on the sheet by the image forming portion and fix the toner image and the powder adhesive to the sheet, and a bonding portion configured to bond the sheet with the powder adhesive by reheating the sheet having been heated by the fixing portion. The bonding portion is arranged above the image forming portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a catalyst, in which physical properties of a dried material or a calcined material in a production process of the catalyst are stable and a change in at least one of a catalyst activity and a selectivity to a target product is small and hence reproducibility of the catalyst is excellent. The present invention is a method for producing a catalyst containing molybdenum, bismuth, and iron, which contains the steps of washing a surface of at least one device equipped in an apparatus for the production of catalyst, to which a solid matter adheres, with a basic solution, and producing the catalyst with the apparatus for the production of catalyst thus washed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a catalyst, in which physical properties of a dried material or a calcined material in a production process of the catalyst are stable and a change in at least one of a catalyst activity and a selectivity to a target product is small and hence reproducibility of the catalyst is excellent. The present invention is a method for producing a catalyst containing molybdenum, bismuth, and iron, which contains the steps of washing a surface of at least one device equipped in an apparatus for the production of catalyst, to which a solid matter adheres, with a basic solution, and producing the catalyst with the apparatus for the production of catalyst thus washed.

Abstract: A method for producing an unsaturated aldehyde and an unsaturated carboxylic acid through gas-phase catalytic oxidation of propylene, isobutylene or tertiary butanol, which is a raw material, with molecular oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a complex oxide including molybdenum, bismuth and iron as essential components, by controlling the molar ratio of oxygen to the raw material such that a rate of reaction of the raw material is kept constant in the temperature range of from (TA-15)° C. to TA° C., where TA° C. is the boundary temperature of the activation energy of the catalyst.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of a phenylalanine derivative of formula (I):

Abstract: A method for producing an unsaturated aldehyde and an unsaturated carboxylic acid through gas-phase catalytic oxidation of propylene, isobutylene or tertiary butanol, which is a raw material, with molecular oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a complex oxide including molybdenum, bismuth and iron as essential components, by controlling the molar ratio of oxygen to the raw material such that a rate of reaction of the raw material is kept constant in the temperature range of from (TA—15)° C. to TA° C., where TA° C. is the boundary temperature of the activation energy of the catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of a gas-phase catalytic oxidation reaction of propylene, isobutylene, or tertiary butanol with molecular oxygen in the presence of a catalyst to produce a corresponding unsaturated aldehyde and a corresponding unsaturated carboxylic acid, in which the catalyst can be used over a long period of time. Concretely, in the presence of the catalyst containing a complex oxide including molybdenum, bismuth and iron as essential components, at least one factor of a reaction pressure and a molar ratio of molecular oxygen to a raw material is controlled to change in such a way that a rate of reaction of the raw material is kept constant in the temperature range of from (TA?15)° C. to TA° C., when a boundary temperature of the activation energy of the catalyst is set to be TA° C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of a gas-phase catalytic oxidation reaction of propylene, isobutylene, or tertiary butanol with molecular oxygen in the presence of a catalyst to produce a corresponding unsaturated aldehyde and a corresponding unsaturated carboxylic acid, in which the catalyst can be used over a long period of time. Concretely, in the presence of the catalyst containing a complex oxide including molybdenum, bismuth and iron as essential components, at least one factor of a reaction pressure and a molar ratio of molecular oxygen to a raw material is controlled to change in such a way that a rate of reaction of the raw material is kept constant in the temperature range of from (TA-15)° C. to TA° C., when a boundary temperature of the activation energy of the catalyst is set to be TA° C.

Abstract: A method for producing a catalyst containing at least molybdenum, bismuth and iron including the steps of kneading particles containing catalyst components, an organic binder and a liquid, where the organic binder contains at least a high-viscosity organic binder having a viscosity of from 5,000 mPa·s to 25,000 mPa·s and a low-viscosity organic binder having a viscosity of from 10 mPa·s to less than 5,000 mPa·s, and extrusion molding the resultant kneaded mixture is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a catalyst, in which physical properties of a dried material or a calcined material in a production process of the catalyst are stable and a change in at least one of a catalyst activity and a selectivity to a target product is small and hence reproducibility of the catalyst is excellent. The present invention is a method for producing a catalyst containing molybdenum, bismuth, and iron, which contains the steps of washing a surface of at least one device equipped in an apparatus for the production of catalyst, to which a solid matter adheres, with a basic solution, and producing the catalyst with the apparatus for the production of catalyst thus washed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a novel phenylalanine derivative of the formula (I): wherein X1 is a halogen atom, X2 is a halogen atom, Q is a group of the formula —CH2— or —(CH2)2— and Y is a lower alkyl group, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which has excellent inhibitory effects on ?4 integrin-mediated cell adhesion, and an intermediate useful in the process.

Abstract: The method for preserving a catalyst of the present invention is characterized in that, in a process for continuously producing an objective product by a vapor phase oxidation reaction using a phosphorus-molybdenum-vanadium catalyst containing phosphorus, molybdenum and vanadium, the phosphorus-molybdenum-vanadium catalyst retained in a reactor is maintained under a condition of a water content of 30 mg or less per 1 g of catalyst dry weight, before the start of the reaction or during the stop of the reaction. By this, deterioration of the catalyst retained in the reactor can be simply prevented.

Abstract: The method of producing a catalyst for synthesis of an unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid of the present invention is characterized in that the method comprises a step of adding liquid to particles containing molybdenum, bismuth and iron and kneading the mixture, and extrusion-molding this kneaded substance, a step of preserving the molded article obtained by extrusion molding, and at least one step of drying and calcining the preserved molded article, and the contact time of particles containing molybdenum, bismuth and iron with liquid is 1 to 48 hours, and the preserving time of the molded article is 50% or more of the contact time of particles containing molybdenum, bismuth and iron with liquid. According to the production method of the present invention, catalytic activity can be easily controlled, and a catalyst having high activity and high selectivity is obtained.

Abstract: A method for obtaining a material containing recovered molybdenum for use in producing a catalyst from a molybdenum-containing material comprising at least molybdenum, A element (phosphorus and/or arsenic) and X element (at least one selected from the group consisting of potassium, rubidium, cesium and thallium), in particular, from a spent catalyst; and a method for producing a catalyst using said material containing recovered molybdenum. A particularly preferred catalyst is a catalyst for use in producing methacrylic acid through gas-phase catalytic oxidation.

Abstract: A catalyst for use in producing an unsaturated aldehyde and an unsaturated carboxylic acid which is excellent in catalyst activity and selectivity to the unsaturated aldehyde and the unsaturated carboxylic acid, a method for producing such a catalyst and a method for producing an unsaturated aldehyde and an unsaturated carboxylic acid by using such a catalyst are provided. A method for producing a catalyst containing at least molybdenum, bismuth and iron for use in producing an unsaturated aldehyde and an unsaturated carboxylic acid through gas-phase catalytic oxidation of propylene, isobutylene, tertiary butyl alcohol or methyl tertiary butyl ether with molecular oxygen comprises the steps of kneading particles containing catalyst components, an organic binder and a liquid and extrusion molding the resultant kneaded mixture, the organic binder containing at least a high-viscosity organic binder having a viscosity (of its 1% water solution or dispersion at 20° C.) of from 5,000 mPa.s to 25,000 mPa.

Abstract: The method for preserving a catalyst of the present invention is characterized in that, in a process for continuously producing an objective product by a vapor phase oxidation reaction using a phosphorus-molybdenum-vanadium catalyst containing phosphorus, molybdenum and vanadium, the phosphorus-molybdenum-vanadium catalyst retained in a reactor is maintained under a condition of a water content of 30 mg or less per 1 g of catalyst dry weight, before the start of the reaction or during the stop of the reaction. By this, deterioration of the catalyst retained in the reactor can be simply prevented.

Abstract: A frequency interleaving circuit frequency-interleaves main signals generated according to sound data by parameters set according to frequencies of transmission channels. A sub-signal generating circuit generates sub-signals for transmission control including pilot signals. Mapping circuits modulate the sub-signals by using pseudo-random sequences generated based on initial values of random codes set according to frequencies of transmission channels. The frequency-interleaved main signals and the sub-signals modulated by the mapping circuits are OFDM-modulated. Then, they are converted to the frequencies of the transmission channels. An increase of a dynamic range of transmission signals can be suppressed by controlling the initial values of random codes set.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a novel phenylalanine derivative of the formula (1): wherein X1 is a halogen atom, X2 is a halogen atom, Q is a group of the formula —CH2— or —(CH2)2— and Y is a lower alkyl group, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which has excellent inhibitory effects on ?4 integrin-mediated cell adhesion, and an intermediate useful in the process.

Abstract: Prepared is a catalyst for use in the production of an unsaturated aldehyde and an unsaturated carboxylic acid in which catalytic activity is high and selectivity is excellent by a preparation process containing the steps of preparing catalyst component particles as dried particles prepared by spray drying an aqueous slurry containing molybdenum, bismuth and iron or as calcined particles prepared by further heat treating the dried particles; mixing and kneading the catalyst component particles with at least a liquid; first-molding the kneaded material; and second-molding the first-molded product to a finished shape using a piston molding machine.