Abstract: This lens evaluation device comprises a plurality of point light sources arranged on the plane, an imaging unit for picking up an object and obtaining its image, a movement unit for changing the relative distance between the point light source or the imaging unit and the optical system to be evaluated, a storage medium for recording stack images obtained by the imaging unit picking up the images of the plurality of point light sources via the optical system every time the movement unit changes the relative distance, an image position calculation unit for calculating a plurality of image positions from the plurality of pieces of point light source image in the stack image recorded on the storage medium and an aberration acquisition unit for fitting an aberration model function to the plurality of image positions calculated and obtaining an aberration measurement value.

Abstract: A 4-line buffer sequentially takes in image data items and temporarily stores a specific size of image data. A spatial filter in which a coefficient matrix based on the no-neighbor algorithm in a restoration process has been set performs a spatial filtering process on the image data items sequentially outputted from the 4-line buffer to produce a restored image based on the no-neighbor algorithm. This enables images to be restored in real time, which produces an image whose luminance distribution is approximate to that of the specimen.

Abstract: An atomic force microscope comprises a probe having a sharply-pointed tip end. The probe is supported on the free end portion of a cantilever and is close to the surface of a specimen. When an interatomic force is produced, the cantilever is deformed, and the probe is displaced. The displacement of the probe is detected by an optical system. A light beam emitted from a light source is collimated by a lens, and reflected by a polarized beam-splitter, and also by a half-mirror. Then, the light beam passes through a quarter wavelength plate and an objective lens, such that the light is converged on the cantilever. The reflected light beam from the cantilever returns along the same optical path and passes through the splitter. The light beam is divided into two light beams at the splitter. These two light beams are reflected by respective prisms and are then incident on respective photodetectors. These photodetectors detect the displacement of the probe.

Abstract: Pyridine derivatives having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 is hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms and hydroxy as a substituent, an alkanoyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkenoyl group having 3 to 11 carbon atoms, an aromatic acyl group having 6 or 10 carbon atoms in the aromatic ring and optionally alkyl, alkoxy, acetylamino, cyano or halogen as a substituent, a heterocyclic acyl group, an alkylcarbamoyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, an allylcarbamoyl group or hydroxy group; n is an integer of 0 to 2 inclusive; and, when n is 2, R.sub.1 's may be the same or different; provided that when R.sub.2 is said alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is said alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Pyridine derivatives having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 is hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms and hydroxy as a substituent, an alkanoyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkenoyl group having 3 to 11 carbon atoms, an aromatic acyl group having 6 or 10 carbon atoms in the aromatic ring and optionally alkyl, alkoxy, acetylamino, cyano or halogen as a substituent, a heterocyclic acyl group, an alkylcarbamoyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, an allylcarbamoyl group or hydroxy group; n is an integer of 0 to 2 inclusive; and, when n is 2, R.sub.1 's may be the same or different; provided that when R.sub.2 is said alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is said alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Anticoccidial compositions which comprise as active ingredient pyridine derivatives having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen atom, a halomethyl group or methyl group;R.sub.2 is hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1-3 carbon atoms;R.sub.3 is hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1-3 carbon atoms, allyl group, an alkyl group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms and alkoxy of 1 or 2 carbon atoms as a substituent, an alkyl group having 1-3 carbon atoms and hydroxy as a substituent, an alkanoyl group of 1-18 carbon atoms, a haloacetyl group, an alkenoyl group of 3-11 carbon atoms, an aromatic acyl group, a heterocyclic acyl group, an N-alkylcarbamoyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety or hydroxy group;Provided that when R.sub.2 is said alkyl group of 1-3 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is said alkyl group of 1-3 carbon atoms and inorganic acid addition salts thereof.

Abstract: An anticoccidial composition which comprises a compound of the formula ##SPC1##Intimately dispersed in an inert edible carrier, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each hydrogen, an aliphatic acyl group, an aromatic acyl group or a heterocyclic acyl group, and at least R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is said heterocyclic acyl group; or a salt thereof.The composition is a preventive and curative anticoccidial agent for poultry and domestic animals. Particularly, it shows a significant activity against chronic coccidiosis caused by Eimeria acervulina.The composition is less toxic for animals, besides it has an advantage that it is also effective for coccidiosis caused by coccidia resistant to the known anticoccidial agents.

Abstract: Antibiotic substance named "Pholipomycin" which is useful as a growth promoting agent for domestic animals, poultries and the like and produced by the cultivation of a new microorganism, Streptomyces lividoclavatus strain No. 3176, NRRL 8022.

Abstract: A composition which comprises a pyridinol derivative of the formula ##SPC1##Intimately dispersed in an inert edible carrier, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom; a lower alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aliphatic, an aromatic or a heterocyclic acyl group; an alkoxycarbonyl group; an aralkoxycarbonyl group; an aryloxycarbonyl group; a N-substituted carbonyl group; a N-substituted thiocarbonyl group; a phosphono group; or a salt thereof.The composition is a preventive and curative anticoccidial agent for poultry and domestic animals. Particularly, it shows a significant activity against chronic coccidiosis caused by Eimeria acervulina.The composition is less toxic for animals, besides it has an advantage that it is also effective for coccidiosis caused by coccidia resistant to the known anticoccidial agents.