Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member, disposed opposed to an image bearing member, for carrying a developer; a developing bias voltage applying source for applying a developing bias voltage having an oscillating component to the developer carrying member to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing member; wherein10.0.ltoreq.T11/(T11+T12).times.100.ltoreq.90.0,where T11 is a time period of a first step in which an electric field is formed in a direction for directing the developer from the developer carrying member toward the image bearing member in one cycle of the oscillating component of the developing bias voltage applied by the developing bias application source, and T12 is a time period of a third step between the first step and a second step in which an electric field is formed in a direction for directing the developer from the image bearing member to the developer carrying member, and T11/(T11+T12) is an inclination of the developing bias voltage.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, an image forming means for forming a toner image on the image bearing member, a rotary member contacted with a surface of the image bearing member, a transfer member for transferring the toner image from the image bearing member to the rotary member, and a cleaning member for removing residual toner from the image bearing member. Wherein a longitudinal width of a contact area between the image bearing member and the rotary member is smaller than the length of the cleaning member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member; a charger for charging the photosensitive member to form an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member; an exposure device for exposing the photosensitive member to image light; a developing device for developing the latent image with toner; a transfer member contactable to the photosensitive member at a transfer position, the transfer member comprising an electrically conductive base, a high resistance surface layer, and a low resistance or intermediate resistance conductive layer between the conductive base and the surface layer; and transfer voltage applying device for applying a transfer voltage to the transfer member; wherein Ws>Wt>Wp>W1 is satisfied, where Ws is a width of a photosensitive layer measured in a direction perpendicular to a movement direction of the photosensitive member, W1 is an image exposure width of the exposure device, Wp is a width of a transfer material usable with the image form

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has an image bearing member bearing images thereon and movable, and a transfer medium bearing member provided in pressure contact with the image bearing member and bearing a transfer medium thereon and rotatable. The transfer medium bearing member has a sheet member for bearing the transfer medium thereon, and an elastic layer supporting that area of the sheet member bearing the transfer medium thereon from the inside of the sheet member. A voltage is applied to the transfer medium bearing member to transfer the images on the image bearing member to the transfer medium born on the sheet member. The sheet member has an area not fixed to the elastic layer. The transfer medium bearing member is rotated with a potential difference created between the image bearing member and the sheet member before the operation of transferring the images on the image bearing member to the transfer medium born on the sheet member is started.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes image bearing member or members for bearing an image; charging member for sequentially charging a surface of the image bearing member or members to form an image thereon; a voltage source for applying an oscillating voltage to the charging member, the oscillating voltage including a first frequency and a second frequency which is different from the first frequency during charging by the charging member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including image forming unit for forming an unfixed image on a recording medium, a pair of fixing rotary members for fixing the unfixed image on the recording medium, a cleaning member for cleaning surfaces of the fixing rotary members, the fixing rotary members and the cleaning member being an integral unit separable from the apparatus, detection unit for detecting remaining quantity of the cleaning member, and a unit for requesting the exchange of the integral unit of the fixing rotary member pair and the cleaning member in response to the output of the detection unit.

Abstract: A fixating device has a first rotatable member in contact with an unfixated image borne on a recording medium, a second rotatable member forming a nip together with the second rotatable member, a first heater for heating the first rotatable member, a second heater for heating the second rotatable member, and power supply controlling means for controlling the supply of electric power to the first heater and the second heater. The power supply controlling means is adapted to control the supply of electric power so that when the electric power supplied to the first heater is Wa and the electric power supplied to the second heater is Wb and the ratio when the recording medium is nipped between and conveyed by the first rotatable member and the second rotatable member is Dp=Wa/Wb and the ratio during standby is Ds=Wa/Wb, there may be established Dp>Ds.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image forming apparatus with an image bearing member for bearing an image, and a transfer material bearing member rotatable for bearing a transfer material. The image on the image bearing member is transferred onto the transfer material born by the transfer material bearing member at a transfer position, and a voltage is applied to the transfer material bearing member during the transferring of the transfer material. When a distance between the transfer position and a separation position where the transfer material is separated from the transfer material bearing member along a peripheral surface of the transfer material bearing member in a rotational direction of the transfer material bearing member is L, a whole circumferential length of the transfer material bearing member is L1 and a maximum length of the transfer material usable in the image forming apparatus in the rotational direction of the transfer material bearing member is Hmax, a relation L.ltoreq.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus includes an image bearing member; a recording material carrying member for carrying a recording material to a transfer position for transfer of an image; a moving device for imparting relative movement between the image bearing member and the recording material carrying member; and a recess in the recording material carrying member for permitting the image bearing member and the recording material carrying member to face each other without contact therebetween. The recording material feeding speed is switched from a first speed different from the fixing speed to a second speed substantially the same so that when it imparts the approaching relative movement, the peripheral speeds of the recording material carrying member and image bearing member are substantially equal immediately before they contact.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus for forming an image on a recording medium has an image forming device for forming an image on the recording medium, a conveyance path for conveying the recording medium so that an image is formed by the image forming device, a first casing having a portion of the conveyance path, a second casing having a portion of the conveyance path and being openable relative to the first casing, and a third casing having a portion of the conveyance path and being openable relative to the second casing. The relatively openable casings, each having a portion of the conveyance path, provide an image forming apparatus in which a jam can be dealt with easily.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image forming apparatus with an image bearing member capable of rotating while bearing a toner image thereon, a transfer device for transferring the toner image from the image bearing member to a recording material at a transfer position, recording material bearing member capable of rotating while bearing the recording material thereon and adapted to convey the recording material to the transfer position, a pair of rotary members arranged at an upstream side of the recording material bearing member in a recording material conveying direction and adapted to pinch and convey the recording material, and a separation device for separating the recording material from the recording material bearing member at a separation position.

Abstract: The present invention provides the image forming system in which, when an image bearing member or a process cartridge including an image bearing member therein is mounted within an image forming system having a shiftable image forming device, the image bearing member can receive a driving force from the image forming device. Consequently, it is possible to reduce the number of positioning locations between the image forming system and the image bearing member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a latent image forming device for forming a latent image having a high potential portion and a low potential portion before a toner image is formed on the image bearing member, a transfer material bearing member for bearing and for conveying a transfer material to a transfer station where the toner image on the image bearing member is transferred onto the transfer material, and a potential applying device for applying a predetermined potential which is lower than the potential of the high potential portion of a predetermined area of the image bearing member. According to the invention, when a portion of the transfer material bearing member is in the transfer station before transfer of the toner image has begun, a portion of the predetermined area is in the transfer station.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; an image forming device for forming a toner image on the image bearing member; a transfer material carrying member for carrying a transfer material, wherein the toner image is electrostatically transferred onto the transfer material carried on the transfer material carrying member, wherein the transfer material carrying member has a dielectric layer carrying the transfer material and a supporting member for supporting the transfer material through the dielectric layer, wherein a gap is provided between the dielectric layer and the supporting member. Alternatively disclosed is a transfer material carrying member formed of a support layer, an elastic layer on top of the support layer, an intermediate layer on top of the elastic layer, and a dielectric layer on top of the intermediate layer.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member for supplying a developer to an image bearing member, wherein the developer is a one component developer, and has a flowability index of 5-30%. A developing bias voltage application device applies a developing bias to the developer carrying member, wherein the developing bias application device applies an oscillating bias voltage, including a first peak voltage, for an application period T1, for forming an electric field for urging the developer from the developer carrying member to the image bearing member, and a second peak voltage, for an application period T2, for forming an electric field for urging the developer from the image bearing member to the developer carrying member, wherein T1:T2 satisfies 1:2-1:10.

Abstract: A superposed image forming apparatus wherein toner images are superposedly transferred onto a transfer material includes an image bearing member; a device for forming a toner image on the image bearing member; a transfer material carrying member, disposed opposed to the image bearing member, for carrying a transfer material in synchronism with the toner image on the image bearing member; a transfer material supplying device for supplying the transfer material to the transfer material carrying member; a transfer bias voltage source for applying to the transfer material carrying member a bias voltage for image transfer from the image bearing member to the transfer material; an attraction member for urging the transfer material to the transfer material carrying member to hold the transfer material on the transfer material carrying member; an attraction bias voltage source for applying a bias voltage to the attraction member; the bias voltage applied to the attraction member is changed in association with on-and-

Abstract: An image forming apparatus capable of performing a suitable transport that is free from the occurrence of an inner blank, and is free from image or color misalignment. A transfer member supporting member, for supporting a transfer member at a transfer position at which the toner image on the image carrier is transferred to the transfer member, has a dielectric layer defining its outer surface and an elastic layer provided inside the dielectric layer. The elastic layer preferably has a compression range between about 0 to 2 mm at the transfer position, and the total pressure of this compression is about 1 kg/mm in this compression range.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a recording material carrying member for carrying a recording material; an image forming device for forming an image on a recording material carried on the recording material carrying member; an attraction member for electrostatically attracting the recording material on the recording material carrying member; and voltage applying source for applying an oscillating voltage to the attraction member.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image forming apparatus having, an image bearing member; an image forming device for forming an image on the image bearing member; a transfer sheet bearing device for bearing and conveying a transfer sheet, to which a first voltage is applied for transferring the image formed on the image bearing member onto the transfer sheet born by the transfer sheet bearing device; and a discharging device for causing the discharge in the transfer sheet when the transfer sheet is separated from the transfer sheet bearing device, to which a second voltage having the same polarity as that of the first voltage and having a value equal to 80%-120% of the first voltage is applied.