Abstract: An electrode structure includes: a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged separately from each other; and a plurality of dielectric layers laminated in a first direction with respect to the plurality of pixel electrodes, in which the plurality of dielectric layers includes: a first dielectric layer that spreads over the plurality of pixel electrodes in a direction intersecting with the first direction; and a second dielectric layer that includes dielectric material having a refractive index higher than that of the first dielectric layer, sandwiches the first dielectric layer together with the plurality of pixel electrodes, and has a slit at a position overlapping space between pixel electrodes adjacent when viewed from the first direction.

Abstract: An electrode structure includes: a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged separately from each other; and a plurality of dielectric layers laminated in a first direction with respect to the plurality of pixel electrodes, in which the plurality of dielectric layers includes: a first dielectric layer that spreads over the plurality of pixel electrodes in a direction intersecting with the first direction; and a second dielectric layer that includes dielectric material having a refractive index higher than that of the first dielectric layer, sandwiches the first dielectric layer together with the plurality of pixel electrodes, and has a slit at a position overlapping space between pixel electrodes adjacent when viewed from the first direction.

Abstract: A wiring design system when applied to wiring boards having various wiring restrictions, has a rough wiring plan at the floor plan stage so as to complete a wiring design satisfying the wiring restrictions in a short period of time while evaluating the congestion degree of the wiring. Logical connection information for wiring parts and signal group information for handling the connection information is input as a signal group. The signal group is handled as a wiring unit for a wiring path search and the signal group is divided into smaller groups. An optimum path is then determined in such a way that the divided smaller groups run adjacent to one another whenever appropriate.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a wiring design system which is advantageous when applied to wiring boards having various wiring restrictions, wherein the system shows a rough wiring plan at the floor plan stage so as to complete a wiring design satisfying the wiring restrictions in a short period of time while evaluating the congestion degree of the wiring.

Abstract: A cylindrical honeycomb structure formed by spirally winding a strip metal flat sheet and a strip metal corrugated sheet overlapped thereon. The metal flat sheet is welded, at each turn, to the metal corrugated sheet at a plurality of axially arranged welding positions on each portion where the metal flat sheet contacts the metal corrugated sheet. Letting L be the axial length of the honeycomb structure and D be the diameter of the honeycomb structure, the maximum value L1 of distances between adjacent welding positions satisfies at least one of relationships given by L1≦/D/2 and L1≦/L/2, or the distance L2 between the outermost welding positions in the axial direction of the honeycomb structure and the outer end face of the honeycomb structure satisfies at least one of relationship given by L2≦/D/20 and L2≦/L/10.

Abstract: A cylindrical honeycomb structure 23 is formed by spirally winding a strip metal flat sheet 21 and a strip metal corrugated sheet 22 overlapped thereon while welding, for each turn, the metal flat sheet 21 to the metal corrugated sheet 22 at a plurality of welding positions W1 to W6 axially arranged on each of mutual contact portions of the metal flat sheet 21 and the metal corrugated sheet 22. Letting L be the axial length of the honeycomb structure 23 and D be the diameter of the honeycomb structure 23, the maximum value L1 of distances each between adjacent ones of the plurality of welding positions W1 to W6 satisfies at least one of relationships given by L1≦D/2 and L1 ≦L/2, or the distance L2 between the outermost one W1 or W6 of the plurality of the welding positions W1 to W6 in the axial direction of the honeycomb structure 23 and the outer end surface of the honeycomb structure 23 satisfies at least one of relationships given by L2≦D/20 and L2≦L/10.

Abstract: A solid state starter apparatus for a discharge lamp comprises a current limiter, an AC power supply, a discharge lamp of filament-preheating type and a switching circuit for controlling the turning on and off of the discharge lamp. The switching circuit further includes a lightedstate detector circuit for detecting the turning on or off of the discharge lamp, a current breaker circuit controlled by the lighted-state detector circuit to cause the filament current to be turned on and off, and a preheater circuit for starting to supply a filament preheating current in accordance with the magnitude of the current controlled by the current breaker circuit.