Abstract: A gas barrier film including: a plastic substrate; an atomic layer deposition film disposed on the plastic substrate; and an overcoat layer disposed on the atomic layer deposition film. The overcoat layer contains a thermoplastic resin, and has a glass transition temperature in a range of 20° C. or more and 100° C. or less.

Abstract: Provided is an antireflection film obtained by laminating, in succession, a transparent substrate, a first layer, and a second layer having a lower refractive index than the refractive index of the first layer. The first layer is obtained by curing a film containing an ionizing radiation-curable material, a quaternary ammonium salt material, a leveling agent, and a solvent, and has a structure wherein a middle layer, hard coating layer and recoating layer are laminated in succession from the transparent substrate side. The recoating layer does not contain a quaternary ammonium salt. The hard coating layer contains a quaternary ammonium salt, and the concentration of the quaternary ammonium salt in the hard coating layer gradually increases from the middle layer side to the recoating layer side.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anti-reflection film which has excellent optical properties at a low production cost. The anti-reflection film of the present invention has a low refractive index hard coat layer having low refractive index particles and a binder matrix which is formed by curing an ionizing radiation curable material on a transparent substrate. It is a feature of the anti-reflection film of the present invention that the low refractive index hard coat layer has two optically distinguishable layers from the transparent substrate side, namely, an intermediate layer and a localized layer wherein the low refractive index particles are localized, and the refractive index and optical thickness of the localized layer are in the range of 1.29-1.43 and in the range of 100-200 nm, respectively.

Abstract: A laminate body includes a base material, a film-like or a membrane-like undercoat layer that is formed in at least a portion of the outer surface of the base material, and an atomic layer deposition film that is formed on a surface opposite to a surface coming into contact with the base material among both surfaces of the undercoat layer in the thickness direction thereof. At least a portion of precursors of the atomic layer deposition film bind to the undercoat layer, and the atomic layer deposition film is formed into a membrane shape covering the undercoat layer.

Abstract: An anti-reflection film is provided having excellent optical property, excellent excoriation resistance, and antistatic function at low production costs. The anti-reflection film includes a localized layer and a low refractive index layer that are stacked in this order on at least one surface of a transparent substrate. The localized layer is stacked with an intermediate layer, a hard coat layer, an antistatic layer containing a conductive material, and a leveling layer containing a leveling material in this order, which are localized, at least from the side of the transparent substrate. The leveling material contains at least a fluorocompound or a compound which has a siloxane bond.

Abstract: An anti-reflection film with low production costs, excellent anti-reflection performance or excellent optical properties free from interference variation, high abrasion resistance, and antistatic function to prevent dust adhesion is demanded. In the present invention, the problem to be solved is to provide an anti-reflection film having low production costs, excellent optical property and excellent abrasion resistance and antistatic function. The present invention provides an anti-reflection film in which a localized layer and a low refractive index layer are laminated in this order on at least one surface of a transparent base, and the localized layer is constituted to have an intermediate layer, a hard coat layer, an antistatic layer containing a conductive material and a leveling layer containing a leveling material that are laminated as localized in order from at least the side of the transparent base.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anti-reflection film which has excellent optical properties at a low production cost. The anti-reflection film of the present invention has a low refractive index hard coat layer having low refractive index particles and a binder matrix which is formed by curing an ionizing radiation curable material on a transparent substrate. It is a feature of the anti-reflection film of the present invention that the low refractive index hard coat layer has two optically distinguishable layers from the transparent substrate side, namely, an intermediate layer and a localized layer wherein the low refractive index particles are localized, and the refractive index and optical thickness of the localized layer are in the range of 1.29-1.43 and in the range of 100-200 nm, respectively.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including: a liquid crystal display element that includes a liquid crystal layer, and an upper substrate and a lower substrate opposed to each other via the liquid crystal layer, a plurality of liquid crystal display elements being stacked; wherein a condensing direction of a reflected light by directional control in at least one of the liquid crystal display elements is different from a condensing direction of a reflected light by directional control in at least one of another liquid crystal display elements.

Abstract: A laminate body of the present invention includes a base material, an atomic layer deposition film that is formed along the outer surface of the base material, and an overcoat layer that covers the atomic layer deposition film with a film having a mechanical strength higher than that of the atomic layer deposition film.

Abstract: A laminate body includes a base material, a film-like or a membrane-like undercoat layer that is formed in at least a portion of the outer surface of the base material, and an atomic layer deposition film that is formed on a surface opposite to a surface coming into contact with the base material among both surfaces of the undercoat layer in the thickness direction thereof. At least a portion of precursors of the atomic layer deposition film bind to the undercoat layer, and the atomic layer deposition film is formed into a membrane shape covering the undercoat layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anti-reflection film which allows more appropriate black indication by reason of selectively restraining tinging with blue on the occasion of being provided for a transmission liquid crystal display surface to offer a black indication by changing the optical properties of the anti-reflection film. The anti-reflection film provided with visibility-average light transmittance absorption loss is within a range of 0.5% or more and 3.0% or less, a value obtained by subtracting a minimum value of light transmittance absorption loss at each wavelength in a visible light region from the maximum value thereof is within a range of 0.5% or more and 4.0% or less, and light transmittance absorption loss at each wavelength satisfies Q450>Q550>Q650 (Q450, Q550 and Q650: light transmittance absorption loss at a wavelength of 450 nm, 550 nm and 650 nm).

Abstract: Provided is an antireflection film obtained by laminating, in succession, a transparent substrate, a first layer, and a second layer having a lower refractive index than the refractive index of the first layer. The first layer is obtained by curing a film containing an ionizing radiation-curable material, a quaternary ammonium salt material, a leveling agent, and a solvent, and has a structure wherein a middle layer, hard coating layer and recoating layer are laminated in succession from the transparent substrate side. The recoating layer does not contain a quaternary ammonium salt. The hard coating layer contains a quaternary ammonium salt, and the concentration of the quaternary ammonium salt in the hard coating layer gradually increases from the middle layer side to the recoating layer side.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anti-reflection film which provides not only sufficient anti-reflection properties and antistatic properties but also excellent contrast in a bright place and excellent contrast in a dark place especially applied on a surface of a transmissive LCD. The anti-reflection film has an antistatic hard coat layer and a low refractive index layer in order on at least one surface of a transparent substrate, average luminous reflectance in the range of 0.5-1.5% on a surface of the low refractive index layer side, haze equal to or less than 0.5%, parallel light transmittance in the range of 94.0-96.5%, and an absorption loss in average luminous transmittance in the range of 0.5-3.0%.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device that uses a liquid crystal material having spontaneous polarization and is actively driven by a TFT, a voltage corresponding to image data is applied twice by driving the TFT of each pixel electrode on a line by line basis of a liquid crystal panel, during writing in one frame. During erasure in one frame, voltage application to liquid crystal by batch selection of all the pixel electrodes is performed three times. With this three times of voltage application, it is possible to achieve a black display state in each pixel and make the stored charge amount at the liquid crystal in each pixel substantially zero.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device displays an image by stacking a plurality of liquid crystal panels, and by controlling a light transmittance with voltage application to liquid crystal of each panel, wherein during execution of voltage application to the liquid crystal of one of the panels, a voltage to the liquid crystal of the other panel serves as a non-display voltage. No image is displayed simultaneously on the two or more stacked liquid crystal panels. In the liquid crystal panel to which no voltage is applied and on which no image is displayed, the longitudinal axial direction of liquid crystal molecules coincides with the polarizing axial direction of polarizers, or is orthogonal to the polarizing axial direction; therefore, no influence is exerted on the overall double refraction, and the overall voltage-transmitted light intensity characteristic corresponds to the sum of the voltage-transmitted light intensity characteristics of the respective panels.

Abstract: An anti-reflection film which has not only sufficient anti-reflection properties and antistatic properties but also excellent optical properties is provided. The anti-reflection film includes an antistatic hard coat layer and a low refractive index layer on a transparent substrate, the antistatic hard coat layer containing conductive particles and a binder matrix, the antistatic hard coat layer including a mixed layer in which the transparent substrate component and the binder matrix blend together with a gradient and a localized layer, the mixed layer being optically indistinguishable and the localized layer being optically distinguishable, and the localized layer having an optical thickness of 50-400 nm.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate opposite to the first substrate, a sealant provided between the first substrate and the second substrate to define a display area to be filled with a liquid crystal and a liquid crystal injection port defined by the first substrate, the second substrate and the sealant, wherein regions where the first substrate, the second substrate and the sealant are positioned on a same plane are provided on opposite sides of the liquid crystal injection port, each of the regions where the first substrate, the second substrate and the sealant are positioned on the same plane having a length equal to 0.26e0.64Ra (mm) or more from the liquid crystal injection port, where surface roughness of the regions where the first substrate, the second substrate and the sealant are positioned on the same plane is Ra (?m).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element includes a flexible first substrate and second substrate, an inter-substrate spacer structure that bonds the first substrate and the second substrate and keeps a space between the two substrates at a certain interval, a seal material that seals a surrounding area between the two substrates to form a cell space, a liquid crystal that is injected in the cell space, and an injection hole that is formed between the two substrates for injecting the liquid crystal from an outside into the cell space, the injection hole including an injection hole spacer structure that keeps the space between the two substrates at a certain interval.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a first alignment layer provided on a first substrate, first electrodes provided on the first alignment layer, second electrodes, and a liquid crystal layer including a cholestric liquid crystal and arranged between the first and second electrodes. A second alignment layer is provided on the second electrodes, and a second substrate is provided on the second alignment layer. The first alignment layer contacts the cholestric liquid crystal between the first electrodes, and the second alignment layer contacts the cholestric liquid crystal between the second electrodes.

Abstract: A display element comprises: a pair of substrates disposed opposite to each other; a liquid crystal enclosed between the pair of substrates; a wall structure which is formed to surround a pixel region and which is in contact with both of the pair of substrates; and an opening section which is an opening provided in a part of the wall structure to allow the liquid crustal to flow out of the pixel region.