Abstract: An improved pour spout member having a base attached to a packaging bag, a tubular neck having a tip opening sealed by a sealing member, and a lid member having an upper end connected to the sealing member and covering an outer periphery of the tubular neck. The lid member includes expandable lid segments having upper ends connected to a portion integral with the sealing member and, between the expandable lid segments in a collapsed state and a portion integral with the tubular neck, there is provided a rotation locking mechanism enabling temporary restriction of the lid member.

Abstract: [Problems to be Solved]: In the case of the pour spout member of prior art in which an inner stopple provided within the tubular neck must be by a handgrip attached to the inner stopple must be pulled out to open the pour spout. With such arrangement, there is a problem that not only operation of opening the pour spout is troublesome but it is sanitarily apprehended that the user's hand might come in contact with the pour spout. In the case of the pour spout member of prior art in which the sealing is broken by rotating the cap, there is anxiety that the cap might be unintentionally rotated, for example, in the course of transit.

Abstract: A method of creating a view of a curved line projected onto a curved surface in a CAD system by using a vector discrimination technique which reduces computation steps required for projection. The curved line and the curved surface are divided into a group of straight line segments and a group of planar surfaces, respectively. One of the straight line segments is selected and a first vector is formed at an end of the straight line segment. After a discrimination process using the first vector, a combination of one straight line segment and one planar surface pointed to by the first vector is obtained, and the projection operation starts with this combination. Second and third vectors are then formed at both ends of an edge of the planar surface. The straight line segments within the range delineated by the second and third vectors are projected onto the planar surface.