Abstract: A system includes a user terminal and a plurality of ledger nodes. The user terminal is used by an author of an item. The plurality of ledger nodes provides an electronic bulletin board. The user terminal writes an ownership right certificate including an object fingerprint of the item and biometric information of the author who is a resale royalty holder on the electronic bulletin board when the author establishes a resale royalty right on the item.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a charging unit that charges an image bearing member, a developing unit that forms a toner image on an latent image formed on the image bearing member, a transfer unit that transfers the toner image onto a transfer material, a charge neutralizer that neutralizes a charge of the image bearing member downstream of a transfer portion and upstream of a charging portion in a rotating direction of the image bearing member, a conductive collecting unit that collects a material adhering on the image bearing member downstream of the transfer portion and upstream of the charging portion, wherein the developing unit collects residual toner on the image bearing member, an voltage application unit sets a potential difference between the voltage applied to the collecting unit and the surface electric potential of the image bearing member not more than a discharge threshold.

Abstract: There is provided a sample observing apparatus for observing the surface of a sample by irradiating an electron beam thereto, having an electron gun for irradiating the electron beam to the surface of the sample, a potential control section for adjusting electric potential of the surface of the sample to potential set in advance by applying voltage determined based on an amount of electric charge on the surface of the sample to the sample, an electron detecting section for detecting electrons produced when the electron beam is irradiated to the surface of the sample and an appearance acquiring section for acquiring the appearance of surface of the sample per each spot on the surface based on the electrons detected by the electron detecting section.

Abstract: There is provided a sample observing apparatus for observing the surface of a sample by irradiating an electron beam thereto, having an electron gun for irradiating the electron beam to the surface of the sample, a potential control section for adjusting electric potential of the surface of the sample to potential set in advance by applying voltage determined based on an amount of electric charge on the surface of the sample to the sample, an electron detecting section for detecting electrons produced when the electron beam is irradiated to the surface of the sample and an appearance acquiring section for acquiring the appearance of surface of the sample per each spot on the surface based on the electrons detected by the electron detecting section.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is benzyl group which has suitable substituent (s), A.sup.a, B and D are each lower alkyl,C is hydrogen or lower alkyl,or a salt thereof.The compound or its salt of the present invention has excellent parasiticidal activities as parasiticides (anthelmintics) for animals and human bodies.

Abstract: wherein A is benzyl group which has suitable substituent(s) or phenyl group which may have suitable substituent(s),A.sup.a is benzyl group which may have suitable substituent(s) or phenyl group which may have suitable substituent(s),B and D are each lower alkyl,C is hydrogen or lower alkyl,and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compound or a salt thereof of the present invention has excellent parasiticidal activities as an anthelmintic agent for animals and human bodies.