Abstract: A lighting equipment comprises: an LED light emitting device; a heat sink connected to the LED light emitting device; and a light collecting member configured to control a light distribution of the LED light emitting device to a range that is narrower than that of the light distribution of the LED light emitting device, wherein the heat sink comprises: a bottom plate; and a plurality of pillar-shaped or flat plate-shaped heat conductive members connected to the bottom plate at one of ends thereof, the LED light emitting device is located at a central area of the bottom plate, and when assuming a maximum thickness of the central area of the bottom plate is tc, and a minimum thickness of an outer circumferential area of the bottom plate is te, tc/te?1.2 is satisfied.

Abstract: An LED lamp comprising: an LED light-emitting module including an LED; an lens module provided in front of the LED light-emitting module; a casing accommodating the LED light-emitting module and having a sectional area decreasing toward a base located on a back portion of the LED lamp; and a heat sink configuring at least part of the casing and dissipating heat emitted by the LED.

Abstract: An LED lamp comprising: an LED light-emitting module including an LED; an lens module provided in front of the LED light-emitting module; a casing accommodating the LED light-emitting module and having a sectional area decreasing toward a base located on a back portion of the LED lamp; and a heat sink configuring at least part of the casing and dissipating heat emitted by the LED.

Abstract: The illumination device includes: a case; a heat sink which has a bottom part in which an LED module is installed, a cylindrical wall part standing upright from the bottom part and disposed such that a clearance is created between the cylindrical wall part and an inner wall surface of the case, and an open end formed at the front end of the cylindrical wall part; a fan which is housed in the case; an air intake passage which guides to the fan, air introduced from the lateral side of the case into the case; and an air discharge passage which is formed along the outer surface of the bottom part and the outer wall surface of the cylindrical wall part in the heat sink and discharges the air sent from the fan from the front end side of the heat sink to the outside.

Abstract: A magnetic pattern forming apparatus, which is designed to form a desired magnetic pattern on a magnetic disk having a magnetic layer on a substrate, is made up of a mask having a pattern identical or similar to the desired magnetic pattern, a projection optical system for exposing the magnetic disk to a spot-like energy beam coming through the mask to heat the magnetic layer for projecting the mask pattern to the magnetic disk at a one-to-one ratio or a predetermined reduction ratio, a magnetic field applying device for applying an external magnetic field to the magnetic disk, a control unit for conducting scanning with the spot-like energy beam with respect to the magnetic disk and the mask in their radial directions while rotating the magnetic disk and the mask.

Abstract: A magnetic pattern forming apparatus, which is designed to form a desired magnetic pattern on a magnetic disk having a magnetic layer on a substrate, is made up of a mask having a pattern identical or similar to the desired magnetic pattern, a projection optical system for exposing the magnetic disk to a spot-like energy beam coming through the mask to heat the magnetic layer for projecting the mask pattern to the magnetic disk at a one-to-one ratio or a predetermined reduction ratio, a magnetic field applying device for applying an external magnetic field to the magnetic disk, a control unit for conducting scanning with the spot-like energy beam with respect to the magnetic disk and the mask in their radial directions while rotating the magnetic disk and the mask.

Abstract: A magnetic pattern forming apparatus, which is designed to form a desired magnetic pattern on a magnetic disk having a magnetic layer on a substrate, is made up of a mask having a pattern identical or similar to the desired magnetic pattern, a projection optical system for exposing the magnetic disk to a spot-like energy beam coming through the mask to heat the magnetic layer for projecting the mask pattern to the magnetic disk at a one-to-one ratio or a predetermined reduction ratio, a magnetic field applying device for applying an external magnetic field to the magnetic disk, a control unit for conducting scanning with the spot-like energy beam with respect to the magnetic disk and the mask in their radial directions while rotating the magnetic disk and the mask.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a magnetic recording medium having at least a magnetic layer, optionally by means of an under layer, on a non-magnetic substrate, wherein projections formed by irradiation of an energy beam and each having a height from 1 to 60 nm are provided at the number of 102 to 108 per 1 mm2 on the surface of any one of the non-magnetic substrate, the under layer, the magnetic layer and the magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: A texturing apparatus for applying a texturing to a magnetic recording medium, such as a magnetic disk including a hard drive. A substrate such as a magnetic disk is held by a substrate rotating system, which is capable of rotating the substrate. A movable laser beam source including an electro-optic modulation circuit directs a laser beam through a focusing element onto the surface of the substrate. The modulation circuit allows the laser beam to pulse at a frequency from 0.1 to 100 MHz. The focusing element allows a laser beam spot diameter of 0.2 to 4 .mu.m on the surface of the substrate. This texturing includes texturing the magnetic head contact start and stop (CSS) area of hard disks.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a magnetic recording medium having at least a magnetic layer, optionally by means of an under layer, on a non-magnetic substrate, wherein projections formed by irradiation of an energy beam and each having a height from 1 to 60 nm are provided at the number of 10.sup.2 to 10.sup.8 per 1 mm.sup.2 on the surface of any one of the non-magnetic substrate, the under layer, the magnetic layer and the magnetic recording medium.