Abstract: A predicted value of acid consumption during pickling with a pickling solution in each of a third tank 11c and a final tank 11d of a continuous pickling apparatus 10 is calculated by a pickling line control unit 24, and based on the calculated predicted value, the amount of acid solution to be supplied to each of the third tank 11c and the final tank 11d is determined, and acid solution is supplied from an acid solution supply system 12. The acid concentration of the pickling solution in each of the third tank 11c and the final tank 11d to which acid solution is supplied is continuously measured by continuous acid concentration measuring devices 13c and 13d, and based on the continuously measured value of the measured acid concentration, acid solution is supplied from the pickling solution supply system 12 to the third tank 11c and the final tank 11d so that the concentration of the pickling solution in each of the third tank 11c and the final tank 11d matches a target value.

Abstract: An acid concentration continuous measuring apparatus is equipped with the combination of a body having a flow path through which pickling solution contained in a pickling tank is made to continuously pass in a single direction, a density sensor, a temperature sensor, and a conductivity sensor which are installed on the body and substantially continuously measure the pickling solution flowing along the flow path, and a calculating apparatus which calculates the acid concentration of the pickling solution based on the measured results. Feedback control of the hydrochloric acid concentration in a final pickling tank of a plurality of pickling tanks forming a continuous pickling line is performed using the acid concentration continuous measuring apparatus.

Abstract: An acid concentration continuous measuring apparatus is equipped with the combination of a body having a flow path through which pickling solution contained in a pickling tank is made to continuously pass in a single direction, a density sensor, a temperature sensor, and a conductivity sensor which are installed on the body and substantially continuously measure the pickling solution flowing along the flow path, and a calculating apparatus which calculates the acid concentration of the pickling solution based on the measured results. Feedback control of the hydrochloric acid concentration in a final pickling tank of a plurality of pickling tanks forming a continuous pickling line is performed using the acid concentration continuous measuring apparatus.

Abstract: An acid concentration continuous measuring apparatus is equipped with the combination of a body having a flow path through which pickling solution contained in a pickling tank is made to continuously pass in a single direction, a density sensor, a temperature sensor, and a conductivity sensor which are installed on the body and substantially continuously measure the pickling solution flowing along the flow path, and a calculating apparatus which calculates the acid concentration of the pickling solution based on the measured results. Feedback control of the hydrochloric acid concentration in a final pickling tank of a plurality of pickling tanks forming a continuous pickling line is performed using the acid concentration continuous measuring apparatus.

Abstract: A track rail fixing structure and a linear motion guide unit on which it is equipped are disclosed that are able to improve the straightness of a track rail in any direction. This effect is obtained by juxtaposing an intervening member between a reference surface formed on one clamping member and the corresponding flange of the track rail by press fitting.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a linear motion guide unit having a slider mounted to a rail. The rail includes a top surface, a bottom surface and a pair of side surfaces. A liner overlying the rail is press-formed against a core which is lager than a combination of the rail and a thin plate member. The press-formed liner is placed inside a mold and molten metal is poured into a gap formed between the liner and the mold. After the metal cools to a hardened condition, the slider is removed from the mold and assembled on the rail with a gap defined between the top of the rail and an opposed surface of the slider. Oil is supplied to the gap to define an oil film between the rail and the slider.

Abstract: A spherically sliding bearing unit generally includes an inner member having a first spherical surface, an outer member having a second spherical surface located opposite to and spaced apart from the first spherical surface, and a liner fixedly attached to the second spherical surface of the outer member to thereby provide a sliding interface between the liner and the first spherical surface of the inner member. The liner has a two-layer structure including an inner layer comprised of a resin material having a low coefficient of friction and an outer layer comprised of a metal. Preferably, the metal outer layer has an irregular structure, such as radial projections or grooves, such that a physically strong coupling can be provided between the liner and the outer member.

Abstract: A linear motion guide unit includes a rail having a top surface, a bottom surface and a pair of side surfaces, a thin plate member fixedly attached to the top surface of the rail and a slider slidably mounted on the rail with a predetermined gap between the thin plate member and the slider such that a film of oil may be formed for damping or absorbing any vibration. The thin plate member is preferably formed with an oil groove for storing therein a quantity of oil.

Abstract: An instrument panel device for vehicles. The instrument panel device includes a base panel stretched substantially over the entire width of the passenger room and face, back, and top panels attached to the base panel to define therewith an air control duct space, a wide flow duct space, and a defroster duct space, respectively. The base panel has a lower partition wall portion separating the air control duct space and the wide flow duct space from each other and an upper partition wall portion separating the wide flow duct space and the defroster duct space from each other.