Abstract: A multilayer circuit board comprising low inductance through-conductors is disclosed. The multilayer circuit board comprises first ceramic substrate means, first layered section means, and second ceramic substrate means that allow insulation layers to be substantially thin, a length of through-conductors to be substantially short, and low relative permittivity of the insulation layers compared to resin insulation layers. Thus, increases in operation frequency of the multilayer circuit board are possible.

Abstract: There are provided a fuel reformer housing container and a fuel reforming apparatus, which are capable of maintaining a level of vacuum inside the fuel reformer housing container favorably and which have less power generation loss. A fuel reformer housing container includes a base having a concave portion for housing a fuel reformer in which reformed gas containing hydrogen gas is generated from fuel, a discharge pipe for communicating inside of the concave portion with outside thereof to discharge the reformed gas from the fuel reformer, a supply pipe for communicating inside of the concave portion with outside thereof to supply the fuel to the fuel reformer, and a gas adsorbent housed in the concave portion, for adsorbing gas in the concave portion.

Abstract: A vehicle rear viewing device includes a rear under view mirror provided to face an inner surface of a rear windshield and capable of reflecting an area below and behind a vehicle to an occupant in an interior of the vehicle. A marker indicator is to allow the occupant to view the area below and behind the vehicle through the rear under view mirror to visually recognize a position of a rear end of a vehicle body. A rear wiper is provided on a rear part of the vehicle body so as to face an outer surface of the rear windshield. The marker indicator is provided so as to be covered with at least a part of the rear wiper along a front rear direction of the vehicle in front of the rear wiper when the rear wiper is in an initial position.

Abstract: A mirror device includes a reflecting surface. The reflecting surface is arranged in a vicinity of a rear window of a vehicle. The reflecting surface includes a concave part in a longitudinal direction of the reflecting surface and a convex part in a lateral direction of the reflecting surface. A line passing through a center of a virtual circle defining the concave part is inclined relative to a virtual horizontal line extending in a vehicle width direction toward a side opposite to a driver seat on either right or left of the vehicle in the vehicle width direction.

Abstract: A multilayer circuit board comprising low inductance through-conductors is disclosed. The multilayer circuit board comprises first ceramic substrate means, first layered section means, and second ceramic substrate means that allow insulation layers to be substantially thin, a length of through-conductors to be substantially short, and low relative permittivity of the insulation layers compared to resin insulation layers. Thus, increases in operation frequency of the multilayer circuit board are possible.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reaction apparatus having an enhanced connection, and a fuel cell system and an electronic device that include such a reaction apparatus. A reaction apparatus (1) a reformer (4) in which a reforming reaction chamber (31) is formed, a CO remover in which a removing reaction chamber (35) where a chemical reaction is performed at a temperature lower than that in the reforming reaction chamber (31) is formed, and a connecting portion (6) having a communicating path that communicates between the reforming reaction chamber (31) and the removing reaction chamber (35). The reformer (4) and the CO remover (5) are arranged spaced apart from each other, at least one of which (4, 5) is configured by combining ceramic parts (11, 12) and metal components (15, 16), and the ceramic parts (11, 12) and the metal components (15, 16) are connected with connecting members (18, 20) interposed therebetween.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reaction apparatus that efficiently heats a reaction portion, and a fuel cell system and an electronic device that include such a reaction apparatus. A reaction apparatus (1) includes a reformer (4) in which formed are a reforming reaction chamber (31) and a reformer combustion chamber (30) that generates heat to be supplied to the reforming reaction chamber (31), which (30, 31) are adjacent to each other with a partition interposed therebetween; a CO remover (5) in which formed are a removing reaction chamber (35) where a chemical reaction is performed at a temperature lower than that in the reforming reaction chamber (31) and a remover combustion chamber (34) that generates heat to be supplied to the removing reaction chamber (35), which (34, 35) are adjacent to each other with a partition interposed therebetween; and a connecting portion (6) that connects the reformer (4) and the remover (5).

Abstract: The invention provides a reaction apparatus capable of efficiently causing a reaction, and a fuel cell system and an electronic device that include such a reaction apparatus. A reaction apparatus (1) includes a reformer (4), a CO remover (5) and a connecting portion (6) that connects the reformer (4) and the remover (5). The reformer (4) has a reforming reaction chamber (31) and a reformer combustion chamber (30) that generates heat to be supplied to the reforming reaction chamber (31), which (30, 31) are adjacent to each other with a partition interposed therebetween. The CO remover (5) has a removing reaction chamber (35) and a remover combustion chamber (34) that generates heat to be supplied to the removing reaction chamber (35), which (34, 35) are adjacent to each other with a partition interposed therebetween.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a fuel reformer housing container and a fuel reforming apparatus, which are capable of maintaining a level of vacuum inside the fuel reformer housing container favorably and which have less power generation loss. A fuel reformer housing container (11) includes a base (1) having a concave portion for housing a fuel reformer (9) in which reformed gas containing hydrogen gas is generated from fuel, a discharge pipe (5b) for communicating inside of the concave portion with outside thereof to discharge the reformed gas from the fuel reformer, a supply pipe (5a) for communicating inside of the concave portion with outside thereof to supply the fuel to the fuel reformer (9), and a gas adsorbent (10) housed in the concave portion, for adsorbing gas in the concave portion.

Abstract: A reacting apparatus includes a reactor having a supply port and a discharge port, a first member connected to the surface of the reactor having a through hole associated with the supply port, and a second member connected to the surface of the reactor and having a through hole associated with the discharge port, a supply pipe connected to the supply port by way of the through hole of the first member, to supply a fluid before the reaction to the supply port, and a discharge pipe connected to the discharge port by way of the through hole of the second member, to discharge a fluid after the reaction from the discharge port. The supply port and discharge port include a portion covered by a surface of the first member and a portion communicating with the through hole of the first member. The discharge port includes a portion covered by a surface of the second member and a portion communicating with the through hole of the second member.

Abstract: A fuel reformer housing container includes a base having an upper surface including a concave portion for housing a fuel reformer for generating reformed gas including hydrogen gas from fuel therein; a lid attached to the upper surface of the base so as to cover the concave portion; a supply pipe for supplying fuel to the fuel reformer, the supply pipe piercing the base so that a front end thereof is joined to the fuel reformer, and holding the fuel reformer in a space between the lid and a bottom surface of the concave portion; and a discharge pipe for discharging the reformed gas, the discharge pipe piercing the base so that a front end thereof is joined to the fuel reformer, and holding the fuel reformer in a space between the lid and the bottom surface of the concave portion. The base and the lid have cavities formed therein.

Abstract: A fuel reformer housing container includes a base, a lid, a supply pipe and a discharge pipe. The base has on an upper surface thereof a concave portion for housing a fuel reformer for generating reformed gas including hydrogen gas from fuel therein. The lid is attached to the upper surface of the base to cover the concave portion. The supply pipe supplies fuel to the fuel reformer, pierces the concave portion so that a front end thereof is joined to the fuel reformer, and holds the fuel reformer in a space between the lid and the concave portion. The discharge pipe discharges reformed gas and pierces the concave portion so that a front end thereof is joined to the fuel reformer, and holds the fuel reformer in the space between the lid and the concave portion.

Abstract: Cyanogen chloride and dimethylamine are reacted in a water/organic solvent system. The organic solvent is immiscible with water. After the completion of reaction, the water-immiscible organic solvent is distilled away from the reaction product solution to carry out the subsequent synthesis of 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine in an aqueous system.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing benzoyl chlorides which comprises reacting an aromatic aldehyde with chlorine in liquid phase in the presence of inert gas, whereby the generation of benzal chlorides by products whose separation is difficult can be suppressed.

Abstract: A process for the production of a pyridinecarboxylic acid by the air-oxidation of an alkylpyridine in a liquid phase, in which the conversion of the alkylpyridine is high, the yield of the pyridinecarboxylic acid is therefore high, the content of impurities in the product is decreased, and unreacted raw material and an oxidation intermediate can be recycled without the adverse effect of accumulation of the catalyst and bromine component, the process comprising oxidizing an alkylpyridine with an oxygen-containing gas in a solvent in the presence of a catalyst formed of a heavy metal salt and a bromine compound, the solvent being a lower aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having a water content of 2 to 15% by weight, or the process comprising the step of catalytically hydrogenating an oxidation reaction mixture or an isolated pyridinecarboxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst of a metal belonging to the group VIII of the periodic table.