Abstract: An AC plasma display includes a plurality of parallel column electrodes (14); a plurality of parallel row electrodes (21) disposed from, and perpendicular to, the column electrodes (14); a dielectric layer (17) for forming a wall charge is made of a low dielectric constant glass having a low melting point includes sodium oxide and boron oxide and covers the column electrodes (14); and an electrode protective layer (16) made from an inorganic material, for example silicon dioxide, prevents diffusion of sodium from the dielectric layer (17) to the column electrode (14). The dielectric layer (17) is made of a glass having a low dielectric constant of 8 or less to reduce pixel capacitance thereby reducing the electrical power consumption of the display.

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes a plurality of sustaining electrodes provided between substrates and arranged in pairs, a plurality of address electrodes disposed perpendicular to the sustaining electrodes thereby forming a matrix and defining a plurality of pixels, each pixel being defined by a pair of sustaining electrodes and a pair of address electrodes; wherein the sustaining electrodes have a projection at each pixel; and the area of the projection varies from the central portion of the panel to the peripheral portion of the panel.

Abstract: An optical recording medium initializing apparatus is disclosed in which an initializing light beam having a Gaussian distribution is applied to an optical recording medium. The optical energy thus applied to the medium is uniform in distribution, thus resulting in the satisfactory initialization of the recording medium.

Abstract: A method for writing data to and reading data from an optical disk that has address information written on its land between grooves or in its pregrooves. Because data is written to and read from the pregrooves or land where no address is written, continuous signals can be written to and read from the disk without format change. Further, the data area is widened by the amount of the nonexistent address area.

Abstract: On the phase change optical information recording medium, a plurality of protection pits each smaller than one pit on the pre-pit region are provided over the entire data region of the recording film at least on its surface. Therefore, even when overwriting is repeatedly performed, the reproduced data waveform is distorted less frequently and data error is reduced. By forming the group of protection pits, the adhesive strength between the phase change recording film and the protective film can be increased, and the reliability of exfoliating strength can be improved.

Abstract: A method for recording and reproducing data on an optical disk of a phase-change type which is capable of being over-written, comprising steps of: writing the data by a writing light beam, erasing the written data by an erasing light beam, and reading the written data by a reading light beam, characterized by a step for initializing the optical disk so that a width of an initialized region is wider than the diameter of a spot written by the writing light beam on the optical disk.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and a system for developing a photo-resist material of an optical recording medium on which digital information is recorded in the form of a series of pits whose position and length represent the digital information. In order to precisely control the size of the pits formed during the developing process, and to reduce the deviation from one recording medium to another, a monitoring beam is applied on the recording medium during the developing process. A diffraction beam of the monitoring energy beam passes through the pits, and is received by a sensor means which monitors the intensity of the diffraction beam and which produces a signal for controlling the supply of developing solution on the recording medium.