Abstract: A communication device that generates a modulated signal with 32 QAM includes a modulator, a first encoder and a second encoder. The modulator generates a modulated signal by mapping each symbol in a data frame that includes transmission data, a first code, and a second code to a signal point among 32 QAM signal points. The first encoder encodes the data by using a first coding scheme to generate the first code. The second encoder encodes, by using a second coding scheme, a bit string formed from one specified bit in five bits allocated to each symbol in the data frame to generate the second code. The modulator performs mapping such that each pair of signal points adjacent to each other are arranged are different from each other in terms of a value of the one specified bit among the five bits.

Abstract: A communication device includes a modulator, a first encoder and a second encoder, and generates a modulated signal with quadrature amplitude modulation. The modulator generates a modulated signal by mapping each symbol in a data frame that includes data, a first code, and a second code to a signal point among signal points of the quadrature amplitude modulation. The first encoder encodes the data by using a first coding scheme to generate the first code. The second encoder encodes, by using a second coding scheme, a bit string formed from a specified bit in a plurality of bits allocated to each symbol in the data frame to generate the second code. The modulator performs mapping such that each pair of adjacent signal points are different from each other in terms of a value of the specified bit in the plurality of bits.

Abstract: A communication device that generates a modulated signal with 32 QAM includes a modulator, a first encoder and a second encoder. The modulator generates a modulated signal by mapping each symbol in a data frame that includes transmission data, a first code, and a second code to a signal point among 32 QAM signal points. The first encoder encodes the data by using a first coding scheme to generate the first code. The second encoder encodes, by using a second coding scheme, a bit string formed from one specified bit in five bits allocated to each symbol in the data frame to generate the second code. The modulator performs mapping such that each pair of signal points adjacent to each other are arranged are different from each other in terms of a value of the one specified bit among the five bits.

Abstract: A communication device includes a modulator, a first encoder and a second encoder, and generates a modulated signal with quadrature amplitude modulation. The modulator generates a modulated signal by mapping each symbol in a data frame that includes data, a first code, and a second code to a signal point among signal points of the quadrature amplitude modulation. The first encoder encodes the data by using a first coding scheme to generate the first code. The second encoder encodes, by using a second coding scheme, a bit string formed from a specified bit in a plurality of bits allocated to each symbol in the data frame to generate the second code. The modulator performs mapping such that each pair of adjacent signal points are different from each other in terms of a value of the specified bit in the plurality of bits.

Abstract: A communication device includes a modulator, a first encoder and a second encoder, and generates a modulated signal with quadrature amplitude modulation. The modulator generates a modulated signal by mapping each symbol in a data frame that includes data, a first code, and a second code to a signal point among signal points of the quadrature amplitude modulation. The first encoder encodes the data by using a first coding scheme to generate the first code. The second encoder encodes, by using a second coding scheme, a bit string formed from a specified bit in a plurality of bits allocated to each symbol in the data frame to generate the second code. The modulator performs mapping such that each pair of adjacent signal points are different from each other in terms of a value of the specified bit in the plurality of bits.

Abstract: The present invention provides a route consideration apparatus which can reduce amount of road geometry data to a necessary and sufficient volume to be managed, foreseeing probable routes by selecting branch roads appropriately. The route assessor 5 designates three route at maximum, i.e., the first prior route to the third prior route, according to the data inputted from the navigator. The curve geometry detector 6 detects rode geometry according to inputted data from the navigator 3. Thus previewing of route to be traveled can be carried out effectively and the vehicle dynamic control system works well with the previewing function.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vehicle dynamic control system which alters characteristics of respective vehicle movement controllers so that they can function properly against coming and foreseeable running conditions and current running conditions, recognizing beforehand details of an emerging curve on the road to be traveled. The system comprises a vehicle movement control alterant and at least one among vehicle movement controllers, i.e., a brake controller, a left/right wheel differential limiter controller and power distribution controller. When the vehicle is approaching the curve, the vehicle movement control alterant alters characteristics of a braking controller, the left/right wheel differential limiter controller and the power distribution controller to those favorable to turning for driving through a curve appropriately.

Abstract: In a manifold apparatus having a plurality of functions including a printer function, facsimile function and copier function, facsimile data from a host computer are transferred to a system controller via a printer controller. Information on the destinations for facsimile communication are registered at an image memory. The system controller searches the image memory on the basis of destination data contained in the facsimile data, thereby determining whether the destination has a G3 function or a G4 function. If the destination has a G3 function, the system controller transforms the facsimile data to image data and transmits the image data via a facsimile controller. If a G4 function is available at the destination, the system controller transmits the facsimile data, or code data, without transforming them.

Abstract: An active suspension system of an automotive vehicle having four air suspension units for four wheels has a first sensor for detecting vertical acceleration of the mass above each suspension unit spring, a second sensor for detecting the vertical relative displacement of the masses above and below each unit spring, a controller for operating in response to the output signals from the two sensors and a relative displacement velocity signal obtained by differentiation of the signal from the second sensor to generate an instruction air flow quantity signal, and a control valve operating in response to this flow quantity signal from each controller to control the charging or discharging of air into or from each unit. An auxiliary damper is provided in each unit to damp vibrations of relatively high frequencies.

Abstract: An active suspension of a motor vehicle is controlled by a system and a method which comprise combining a controller and an actual flow quantity estimation circuit for estimating by logic operation the flow quantity of the fluid actually flowing through each control valve of the suspension with respect to a total desired flow quantity, and calculating the difference between the actual flow quantity value thus estimated and the desired flow quantity, thereby correcting the desired flow quantity. A command signals is generated and transmitted in accordance with the desired flow quantity thus corrected for operating the control valve to undergo opening/closing operation.

Abstract: A front-wheel steering system has a hydraulic power cylinder, and a control valve responsive to operation of a steering wheel for controlling oil supplied to the power cylinder so as to assist steering effort. A detector cylinder device is provided for cooperating with the power cylinder. The detector cylinder has a detector piston, a pair of chambers formed on the opposite sides of the detector piston and communicated with chambers on opposite sides of the piston of the power cylinder, and a pair of springs provided in the chambers for urging the detector piston to a neutral position. A potentiometer is connected to one of a rod of the detector piston, thereby producing an output signal in accordance with displacement of the detector piston. In response to the output signal, rear wheels are steered.

Abstract: A rear wheel steering apparatus for a vehicle with hydraulic power steering for the front wheels is disclosed. Pressure sensors detect the hydraulic pressure in the two chambers of a power cylinder for the front wheels. A differential amplifier which is connected to the pressure sensors produces an output signal corresponding to the pressure difference between the chambers. An electric motor for steering the rear wheels is controlled by a control unit in response to the output signal from the differential amplifier and an output signal from a vehicle speed sensor. At high speeds, the rear wheels are steered in the same direction as the front wheels, and at low speeds, they are steered in the opposite direction. When the steering wheel is in a neutral position and a sudden lateral force acts on the vehicle to cause a cornering force to be exerted on the front wheels, the rear wheels are steered in the direction tending to increase the restoring moment acting on the vehicle.