Abstract: A hole transporting polymer including a repeating unit represented by one of formulas (1) and (5): It can exhibit an excellent hole transporting property and exhibits superior durability and film-forming properties. An organic EL device using this hole transporting polymer has excellent light emitting characteristics.

Abstract: A polymer light emitting device at least having a light emitting layer containing a polymeric fluorescent substance and a charge transporting layer, wherein said polymeric fluorescent substance contains one or more kind of repeating units represented by the following formula (1), —Ar1—CR1═CR2—  (1) and said charge transporting layer contains an organic compound satisfying the following conditions 1 and 2 in an amount of from 1 to 70% by weight EOX2−0.15≦EOX1≦EOX2+0.

Abstract: Provide is a polymeric fluorescent substance or polymeric fluorescent substance solution which can attain higher luminous efficiency as a polymer LED, with using a polymeric fluorescent substance having a specific content of water or poor solvent, or a polymeric fluorescent substance solution containing a specific content of water or poor solvent.

Abstract: A polymeric fluorescent substance having visible fluorescence in a solid state and a polystyrene-reduced number-average molecular weight of 103 to 107, which contains at least one repeating unit represented by the following formula (1), —Ar1—CR1═CR2—  (1) wherein the sum of the repeating unit is from 10 to 100 mol % of the total number of the repeating units, Ar1 represents an arylene group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms taking part in conjugated bonds and containing at least one substituent represented by the following formula (2) as a nuclear substituent, or a heterocyclic compound group, having 4 to 20 carbon atoms taking part in conjugated bonds, and containing at least one substituent represented by the following formula (2) as a nuclear substituent; and R1 and R2 independently represent a group selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic compound group having 4 to 20

Abstract: Disclosed are an organic electroluminescence device having at least a light emitting layer between the electrodes consisting of one pair of an anode and a cathode, at least one of which electrodes is transparent or semi-transparent, wherein said light emitting layer comprises a polymeric fluorescent substance which emits a fluorescence in a solid state, is soluble in solvents and comprises at least one kind of repeating unit represented by the following formula (1) and at last one kind of repeating unit represented by the following formula (2) with the number of the formula (1) repeating units being 2-50% of the total number of all the repeating units:--Ar.sub.1 -- (1)--Ar.sub.2 -- (2)wherein Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are each a bifunctional group forming a carbon--carbon bond with each of two adjacent groups, in the chemical structure of Ar.sub.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic film comprising a mixture of a polymer, a dye having an absorption peak not in a visible region but in an ultraviolet region, and occasionally a liquid crystal polymer, wherein the retardation of the optically anisotropic film is between 50 nm and 3000 nm, and the dye has an aspect ratio of 1.5 or more, or the dye shows a dichroism. The optically anisotropic film has a high wavelength dispersion of the retardation, and a liquid crystal display apparatus achieves an excellent black-and-white display by using the optically anisotropic film.

Abstract: Disclosed in this specification is a polymeric fluorescent substance which emits a fluorescence in a solid state, contains at least one kind of repeating unit represented by the following formula (1) with the amount of the formula (1) repeating units being at least 50 mole % based on the total repeating units, and has a polystyrene-reduced number-average molecular weight of 10.sup.3 -10.sup.7, characterized in that it has a monofunctional group represented by the following formula (2) at at least one terminal of the molecule:--Ar.sub.1 --CR.sub.1 .dbd.CR.sub.2 -- (1)?wherein Ar.sub.1 is an arylene group or a heterocyclic compound group having 4-20 carbon atoms taking part in conjugated bonds; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each are independently a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1-20 carbon atoms, an aryl group of 6-20 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic compound group of 4-20 carbon atoms and a cyano group!;--CR.sub.3 .dbd.CR.sub.4 --Ar.sub.2 ( 2)?wherein Ar.sub.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence device having at least a light emitting layer between the electrodes consisting of one pair of an anode and a cathode, at least one of which electrodes is transparent or semi-transparent, wherein said light emitting layer comprises a polymeric fluorescent substance which emits a fluorescence in a solid state, is soluble in solvents and comprises at least one kind of repeating unit represented by the following formula (1) and at least one kind of repeating unit represented by the following formula (2) with the number of the formula (1) repeating units being 2-50% of the total number of all the repeating units:--Ar.sub.1 -- (1)--Ar.sub.2 -- (2)wherein Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are each a bifunctional group forming a carbon--carbon bond with each of two adjacent groups, in the chemical structure of Ar.sub.1, the number of the consecutive atoms present in the shortest path between the two carbon atoms bonding to said two adjacent groups is 1, 3 or 5, and in the chemical structure of Ar.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optically anisotropic film characterized in that the retardation at 80.degree. C. is 20-97% of that at 30.degree. C., and the film is made from a mixture of a transparent or semitransparent polymer and at least one liquid crystal compound, wherein the ratio of the liquid crystal compound in the mixture is 0.5-50% by weight based on the combined weight of the liquid crystal compound and the polymer, or an optically anisotropic film characterized in that the retardation at 60.degree. C. is 50-99% of that at 30.degree. C., and the film comprises a mixture of a transparent or semitransparent polymer and at least one liquid crystal compound, wherein the ratio of the liquid crystal compound in the mixture is 0.5-50% by weight based on the combined weight of the liquid crystal compound and the polymer.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic film comprising a liquid crystal composition having twisted nematic alignment, characterized in that the helical axis of twisted nematic alignment is substantially parallel to the direction normal to the film plane, and the liquid crystal composition shows a cholesteric phase, contains at least one liquid crystal oligomer selected from the linear or cyclic liquid crystal oligomers (A) such as obtained from reaction of a vinyl monomer having a specific cholesterol group and pentamethylcyclopentasiloxane, and is defined by the fact that when the thickness of the film is represented by d (.mu.m) and the helical pitch of the twisted nematic phase is represented by P (.mu.m), d.gtoreq.3.times.P and P.ltoreq.0.3 .mu.m or P.gtoreq.0.8 .mu.m, wherein when the numbers of the recurring units (I) and (II) in one molecule of the liquid crystal oligomer (A) are supposed to be n and n', respectively, n and n' are each an integer of 1 to 20 and satisfy the relations of 4.ltoreq.n+n'.ltoreq.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic electroluminescence device having a light emitting layer or a light emitting layer and a charge transport layer disposed between a pair of electrodes at least one of which is transparent or semi-transparent, the light emitting layer comprising a conjugated polymer having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (1):--Ar.sub.1 --CH.dbd.CH-- (1)where Ar.sub.1 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms or a nuclear-substituted group in which the aromatic hydrocarbon group is substituted by one or two selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 22 carbon atoms and alkoxy groups having 1 to 22 carbon atoms. According to the present invention, the use of a polymer intermediate of the conjugated polymer or the conjugated polymer soluble to a solvent as a light emitting material, a charge transport material or a buffer layer to an electrode enables an EL device having a large area to be easily made.

Abstract: By using an optically anisotropic film having the optical axis substantially parallel to the normal line of the film and comprising a polymer of a liquid crystal oligomerhaving positive anisotropy of refractive index and showing nematic or smectic phase, or by lamining the optically anisotropic film and a transparent or semitransparent polymer film, or by combining the optically anisotropic film with a uniaxially oriented retardation film, it is possible to obtain a composite retardation plate with a large viewing angle, and this retardation plate can be applied to a liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: By using an optically anisotropic film having the optical axis substantially parallel to the normal line of the film and comprising a polymer of a liquid crystal oligomerhaving positive anisotropy of refractive index and showing nematic or smectic phase, or by lamining the optically anisotropic film and a transparent or semitransparent polymer film, or by combining the optically anisotropic film with a uniaxially oriented retardation film, it is possible to obtain a composite retardation plate with a large viewing angle, and this retardation plate can be applied to a liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: A retardation film comprising a polymerized liquid crystal oligomer having positive intrinsic birefringence, also having a glass transition temperature of 50.degree. C. or below and showing nematic or smectic phase, characterized in that the optical axis of the film lies in the film plane, that the value of retardation (product of anisotropy of refractive index .DELTA.n of said film and film thickness d) at 30.degree. C. is 100 nm or above, and that the ratio of the value of retardation at 80.degree. C. to that at 30.degree. C. is 0.95-0.5, allows proper adjustment of the rate of change with temperature in accordance with the rate of change with temperature of the liquid crystal cell used in combination with the film, and can provide liquid crystal display devices showing excellent display performance at high temperatures.

Abstract: A polymeric fluorescent substance which is soluble, has a number-average molecular weight of 10.sup.3 -10.sup.7 and contains three different repeating units --Ar--CH.dbd.CH--, wherein Ar is a arylene group having 6-20 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic compound group having 4-20 carbon atoms or a divalent group --Ar.sub.1 --X.sub.1 --R--X.sub.2,--Ar.sub.2. At least one of the repeating units has at least one substituent selected from alkyl, alkoxy and alkylthio groups having 2-22 carbon atoms, aryl and aryloxy groups having 6-60 carbon atoms and heterocyclic compound groups having 4-60 carbon atoms. Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are each an arylene group having 6-20 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic compound group having 4-20 carbon atoms and may contain at least one substituent selected from alkyl, alkoxyl and alkylthio groups having 2-22 carbon atoms, aryl and aryloxy groups having 6-60 carbon atoms and heterocyclic compound groups having 4-60 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A polymeric fluorescent substance which is soluble in solvents, has a number average molecular weight of 10.sup.3 to 10.sup.7 and contains, as main constituents, three different repeating units A, B and C selected from various repeating units in specified ratios according to their optical absorption edge wavelengths.

Abstract: A polymeric solid electrolyte comprising a high molecular compound and a salt wherein the high molecular compound is a product formed by graft-polymerizing an alkylene oxide to the saponification product of a copolymer of ethylene with a vinyl ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid. The polymeric solid electrolyte has a high ionic conductivity of 10.sup.-5 S/cm or more even at a temperature of 30.degree. C., shows a low temperature dependency of ionic conductivity and thus can be used as the solid electrolyte of various electrochemical devices such as batteries.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic electroluminescence device having a light emitting layer or a light emitting layer and a charge transport layer disposed between a pair of electrodes at least one of which is transparent or semi-transparent, the light emitting layer comprising a conjugated polymer having a repeating unit represented by the general formula (1):--Ar.sub.1 --CH.dbd.CH-- (1)where Ar.sub.1 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms or a nuclear-substituted group in which the aromatic hydrocarbon group is substituted by one or two selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 22 carbon atoms and alkoxy groups having 1 to 22 carbon atoms. According to the present invention, the use of a polymer intermediate of the conjugated polymer or the conjugated polymer soluble to a solvent as a light emitting material, a charge transport material or a buffer layer to an electrode enables an EL device having a large area to be easily made.

Abstract: The present invention provides a poly(long-chain nuclear substituted-p-phenylene vinylene) represented by the following formula: ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrocarbon group of 7-20 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group of 7-20 carbon atoms, n represents an integer of 5 or more and m represents an integer of 1 or 2) and a highly conductive composition comprising said polymer and a dopant as essential components.

Abstract: A poly(hetero-arylene vinylene) containing, as its major constituent unit, a repeating unit represented by the general formula ##STR1## (wherein X is a sulfur or oxygen atom), which is obtained by subjecting a sulfonium salt represented by the general formula ##STR2## (wherein X has the same definition as given above, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and A.sup.- is a counter ion) to condensation polymerization using an alkali to obtain a precursor polymer, and subjecting the precursor polymer to stretching and orientation and then to a treatment for sulfonium salt elimination or subjecting the precursor polymer in one step to stretching and orientation and to a treatment for sulfonium salt elimination, as well as a highly conductive composition thereof.