Abstract: A subjective optometry apparatus has a projection optical system including a visual target presenting portion and an optical member to project a target light flux toward a subject eye, and causing the target light flux to be incident on the optical member with a deviation of the incident target light flux from an optical axis of the optical member, a housing accommodating the projection optical system, a presentation window for emitting the target light flux from the inside of the housing to the outside thereof, an eye refractive power measurement unit provided outside the housing, and holding means integrally connecting the housing to the eye refractive power measurement unit to hold the eye refractive power measuring unit. When using the eye refractive power measuring unit, a distance from the presentation window to the eye refractive power measurement unit in an optical path is equal to or less than 180 mm.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes a first processor and a second processor. The first processor includes a detection unit to detect output of an internal-reset occurrence signal from the second processor, and an identification unit to identify, as a source of the internal reset, the second processor in response to the internal-reset occurrence signal and an input of an identification signal from the second processor. The second processor includes an internal reset unit to internally reset the second processor in response to a malfunction of the second processor, a reset occurrence signal output unit to output the internal-reset occurrence signal in response to occurrence of the internal reset of the second processor, and an identification signal output unit to output, to the first processor, the identification signal indicating the source of the internal reset, in response to the occurrence of the internal reset of the second processor.

Abstract: An image stabilization apparatus includes: a driving control unit that drives an image stabilization unit to optically correct image blur of an object image caused by a shake of an apparatus, the image stabilization unit moving the object image on a screen of an image sensor; and a focus control unit that performs control to drive a focusing lens in coordination with an operation of the image stabilization unit, the focusing lens being used to perform focus adjustment in an imaging optical system.

Abstract: Liquid crystal displays having quick response and high light resistance are provided. A liquid crystal composition includes: (A) a cyclohexane compound of formula [I]: wherein R and R? are each independently a C1-C6 linear alkyl group; (B) a compound that is different from cyclohexane compound (A) and is a liquid crystal; and (C) at least one polymerizable compound selected from the group consisting of a polymerizable compound of formula [II]: P1-Sp1-E-Sp2-P2??[II] wherein, e.g., P1 and P2 are each an acryloyloxy group, Sp1 and Sp2 are each an alkyleneoxy group or a direct bond, and E is an arylene group, and a polymerizable compound of formula [III]: A-(L-W)i-(M-Z)j—(N)k—B??[III] wherein, e.g.

Abstract: The present invention intends to provide a novel cyclohexane compound that can form a liquid crystal composition of which response speed is improved when mixed with a nematic liquid crystal and the like and to provide a specified liquid crystal composition in which a novel cyclohexane compound is mixed. The novel cyclohexane compound is represented by the following formula (1). (In the formula (1), R1 and R2 represent the same or different R, ROCO or RCOO, and the R represents an alkyl group. The alkyl group may have an unsaturated bond, and, in the group, —CH2— may be substituted with —O—, —CO— or —COO—, and a part of or an entirety of hydrogen atoms may be substituted with a halogen atom or a cyano group. X and Y each independently represents a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom and does not simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom. Further, alternatively, X represents an oxygen atom and Y represents a direct bond to the oxygen atom.

Abstract: The present invention intends to provide a novel cyclohexane compound that can form a liquid crystal composition of which response speed is improved when mixed with a nematic liquid crystal and the like and to provide a specified liquid crystal composition in which a novel cyclohexane compound is mixed. The novel cyclohexane compound is represented by the following formula (1). (In the formula (1), R1 and R2 represent the same or different R, ROCO or RCOO, and the R represents an alkyl group. The alkyl group may have an unsaturated bond, and, in the group, —CH2— may be substituted with —O—, —CO— or —COO—, and a part of or an entirety of hydrogen atoms may be substituted with a halogen atom or a cyano group. X and Y each independently represents a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom and does not simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom. Further, alternatively, X represents an oxygen atom and Y represents a direct bond to the oxygen atom.

Abstract: A noise eliminator for a fuel cell has a noise elimination chamber that is filled with a noise elimination material, and also has discharge gas flow piping penetrating the noise elimination chamber and having holes in the peripheral wall of the piping and through which gas charged from the fuel cell flows. An electrically conductive material is added to the noise elimination material. The construction suppresses electrostatic charging even if discharge gas flows in the discharge gas flow piping.

Abstract: An optically active compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## R is a halogen atom, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, --R' or --O--R' group; R' is a ##STR2## group, wherein Y is a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an acyloxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; X is a direct bond or a ##STR3## group; m, n and p each are each 0 or 1, provided that at least one of m, n and p is 1; and , represents an asymetric carbon atom.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal composition comprising at least one member selected from 4-alkyl- or 4-alkoxy-benzoic acids represented by the following general formula (I) , particularly a nematic liquid crystal composition comprising a carboxylic acid mixture composed of at least one member selected from 4-alkyl- or 4-alkoxy-benzoic acids represented by the following general formula (I) and at least one member selected from 4-alkylcyclohexanecarboxylic acids represented by the following general formula (IV): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 stands for an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and R.sub.4 stands for an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An optically active compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## R is a halogen atom, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms --R' or --O--R' group; R' is a ##STR2## group, wherein Y is a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an acyloxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; X is a direct bond or a ##STR3## group; m, n and p each are each 0 or 1, provided that at least one of m, n and p is 1; and * represents an asymetric carbon atom. The optically active compound can impart a desired helical pitch to a liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel 1,3-dibenzyl (or diphenethyl)-2-phenylguanidine derivatives. The guanidines possess high control effects on mildew, blight, powdery mildew and rust which are serious diseases of fruit trees, vegetables or cereals, and are useful as agricultural and horticultural fungicides.

Abstract: A tolane compound represented by the following general formula (I) which can elevate the anisotropy (.DELTA.n) of the refractive index of a liquid crystal composition: ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkynyl or an alkadienyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, and R' represents an alkyl or an alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An optically active bisaryl compound represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 represent each a phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl or pyrimidylphenyl group optionally substituted with an alkyl, alkoxy, cyano or cycloalkyl group or a halogen atom, and * represents an asymmetric carbon atom,which can give a cholesteric phase of a short helical pitch when added to nematic liquid crystals useful as a component of a liquid crystal mixture for a display device.

Abstract: An optically active ester compound useful as a component of a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition is represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is C.sub.1-18 alkyl or C.sub.1-18 alkoxyl; R' is C.sub.1-18 alkyl or C.sub.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an optically active pyrimidine compound represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein, n is 3 to 5; X is hydrogen atom or chlorine atom; when X is hydrogen atom, R.sub.1 is normal alkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and when X is chlorine atom, R.sub.1 is hydrogen atom or normal alkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is normal alkyl having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms; and C* represents an asymmetric carbon atom.

Abstract: An optically active compound useful as a component of a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition represented by the following general formula (I) and a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition containing the same: ##STR1## wherein R stands for a C.sub.1.about.18 alkyl group; R' stands for a C.sub.1.about.18 alkyl group which may be substituted or an aryl group; X stands for ##STR2## or --O-- and an asterisk refers to an optically active carbon atom.

Abstract: An optically active ester of the formula ##STR1## wherein p is 0 or 1, q is 1 or 2, r is 1 or 2, q+r is 3, and s is 0 or 1. R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 in the above formula are each independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.6-18 straight chain alkyl and an optically active group of the formula ##STR2## and in which m is 2 to 5, n is 1 or 2, X is hydrogen or chlorine, R.sub.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-11 straight chain alkyl, and C.sup.* represents a chiral carbon atom, with the proviso that when n is 1 and X is hydrogen, R.sub.3 is C.sub.1-11 straight chain alkyl. When q is 2 and r is 1 and R.sub.1 is C.sub.6-18 straight chain alkyl, p is 1; on the other hand, when q is 1 and r is 2 and R.sub.2 is an optically active group of the above formula, s is 1. One of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is an optically active group of the above formula, and the other of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is C.sub.6-18 straight chain alkyl.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an optically active cyanobiphenyl compound represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein, R is ##STR2## X is hydrogen atom or chlorine atom: when X is hydrogen atom, R.sub.1 is normal alkyl having from 1 to 11 carbon atoms and when X is chlorine atom, R.sub.1 is hydrogen atom or normal alkyl having from 1 to 11 carbon atoms; n is 3 to 5; Y is --CH.sub.2 --or --CO--; and * represents an asymmetric carbon atom.

Abstract: This invention relates to new compounds WF 2015 A and B which have immunosuppressing activity and antitumor activity, to a process for producing WF 2015 A and B by culturing a WF 2015 A and/or B-producing strain belonging to the genus Scolecobasidium in a nutrient medium, and to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same.

Abstract: Poly-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidyl amino spiro glycol ether-1,3,5-triazines are provided having the formula: ##STR1## in which: R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl having from two to about six carbon atoms; epoxyalkyl having from three to about eight carbon atoms; alkylaryl having from seven to about eighteen carbon atoms; acyl having from two to about eight carbon atoms; and oxyl;each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having from one to about eighteen carbon atoms; and alkylene forming a heterocyclic ring including the nitrogen atom in the ring and having from four to seven carbon atoms and no or one oxygen atom; andn is a number from 2 to about 40 representing the average number of units enclosed by the brackets;and synthetic resin compositions containing the same as light stabilizers.