Abstract: The invention relates to a surface illuminator and a liquid crystal display having the same and provides a surface illuminator capable of achieving high display quality by employing an array of discrete light sources and a liquid crystal display having the same. A reflective surface for reflecting light in a light guide region of a light guide extends from an end of a light entrance surface through which light enters the light guide region. An LED light source serving as an array of discrete light source is constituted by a red emission LED, a green emission LED, a blue emission LED, and another green emission LED provide alternately and discretely along the light entrance surface.

Abstract: An optical scanning apparatus includes M number of light sources that includes M number of semiconductor lasers and M number of coupling lenses, where M is a positive integer, a deflecting scanning unit that deflects laser beams from the light sources to a surface to be scanned, and a transmission-type prism that deflects optical path of the laser beam from at least one of the light sources by an infinitesimal amount of angle. The prism is disposed between the light sources and the deflecting scanning unit, has an incident surface and an output surface nonparallel to each other, and can rotate around an axis of rotation substantially parallel to the optical path of the laser beam.

Abstract: Batch processing program is performed in a computer. Job steps are executed in a manner that, when the number of job steps is determined by the determining means to exceed the maximum number of processes, successive job steps defined as pipe processing objects are divided in units of a maximum number of job steps corresponding to the maximum number of processes. A pipe is used for data transfer between respective job steps within a same segment divided, and a temporary file is used for data transfer between each set of adjacent job steps each belonging to a different segment. When the number of job steps is determined by the determining means to not exceed the maximum number of processes, a pipe is used for data transfer between respective job steps of all of the successive job steps defined as the pipe processing objects.

Abstract: A voltage generating circuit includes: a pumping circuit configured to boost a power supply voltage in accordance with a charge transfer operation; a voltage detection circuit configured to detect the output voltage of the pumping circuit; a first pumping control circuit configured to control the pumping circuit in accordance with the output of the voltage detection circuit; and a second pumping control circuit configured to control the pumping circuit in place of the first pumping control circuit when the output voltage of the pumping circuit is in a certain range.

Abstract: A backlight unit has a light source, a reflection sheet, a light guide plate, an air space, and a diffuser, wherein the reflection sheet, the light guide plate, the air space, and the diffuser are overlaid in this order. The light source is configured to arrange individual light sources having different spectra or different light emission quantities near an incident plane of the light guide plate, and on a plane facing the reflection sheet of the light guide plate, scatter dots are disposed which take light propagating through the light guide plate out of the reflection sheet side. The backlight unit and a liquid crystal display device including the same have excellent display quality.

Abstract: There is provided wheel speed detection means for detecting a wheel speed V based on a pulse signal corresponding to a rotational speed of a wheel, driving torque integration means calculates an integral value TINdt of driving torque TIN generated by the engine, and running situation determination means determines a vehicle running situation based on an actual wheel speed V and the integral value TINdt of the driving torque TIN. That is, the running situation determination means appropriately determines the vehicle running situation by comparing the actual wheel speed V which varies according to the vehicle running situation, and the function f (TINdt) even when the actual wheel speed is in the extremely low speed region. The function f (TINdt) is the function of the integral value TINdt of the driving torque TIN, and is also the function of the estimated wheel speed VP that is estimated based on the integral value TINdt of the driving torque TIN.

Abstract: To suppress a decrease in the contrast caused by the reflection on the interface to the air layer without decreasing the quality of display. A reflection-type liquid crystal display device includes a light guide plate having a polarizing element stuck or adhered thereto on the side facing a reflection-type liquid crystal display panel, a source of light arranged on an end surface side of the light guide plate, and the reflection-type liquid crystal display panel arranged maintaining a predetermined gap relative to the light guide plate, wherein a light-diffusing function is imparted to the surface of the reflection-type liquid crystal display panel on the side facing the light guide plate.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor memory device with NAND strings arranged therein, the NAND string having a plurality of electrically rewritable and non-volatile memory cells connected in series, including: a first data area; and a second data area, which is smaller in capacitance than the first data area and random accessible at a higher rate than the first data area.

Abstract: To suppress a decrease in the contrast caused by the reflection on the interface to the air layer without decreasing the quality of display. A reflection-type liquid crystal display device includes a light guide plate having a polarizing element stuck or adhered thereto on the side facing a reflection-type liquid crystal display panel, a source of light arranged on an end surface side of the light guide plate, and the reflection-type liquid crystal display panel arranged maintaining a predetermined gap relative to the light guide plate, wherein a light-diffusing function is imparted to the surface of the reflection-type liquid crystal display panel on the side facing the light guide plate.

Abstract: A pressure control apparatus according to the present invention is comprised of a magnetostrictive element section disposed between respective one ends of rotating rods which have the one ends thereof arranged on the same axis in a state connected to each other such that they are unrotatable relative to each other but at the same time are movable toward and away from each other, the rotating rods being rotatable about the axis in unison with each other, an urging means for urging the rotating rods to cause them to be closer to each other to thereby bring the respective one ends of the rotating rods into intimate contact with ends of the magnetostrictive element section, respectively, a magnetic field-applying means for generating a magnetic field for use in adjusting the length of the magnetostrictive element section to apply the magnetic field to the magnetostrictive element section, a pressure-detecting means for detecting pressure generated in the rotating rods in the direction of the axis, and a control s

Abstract: A structure analytic program is used to direct a computer to perform a process of analyzing the structure of a HDL data circuit, and efficiently analyzes a design product relating to a circuit design using a hardware description language (HDL) with the configuration including: an acquiring process of obtaining the circuit design data; a database structuring process of structuring a structure analyzing database based on the circuit design data; a replicating process of replicating the structure analyzing database; an element deleting process of deleting a predetermined element in the elements configuring the hardware description language data indicated by the replicate database from the replicate database that is the replicated structure analyzing database; and a structure analyzing process of performing the structure analysis on the replicate database from which the element is deleted in the element deleting process.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display having good display characteristics and a method of driving the same. Pixel data is written in plural pixels on one gate bus line at a top end of a display area at a first point in time on a line sequential basis. At a second point in time, the writing of pixel data in pixels in an upper part of the screen is completed, and writing of pixel data in pixels in a lower part of the screen is started. At a third point in time, the writing of pixel data in the pixels in the lower part of the screen is completed. A fluorescent tube on the upper side of the screen is turned on for a period between a third point in time after the writing of pixel data in the upper part of the screen and a fourth point in time before writing of pixel data for the next frame is started and is turned off in other periods.

Abstract: A display device includes a backlight having a discharge tube and a reflector. A heat conduction member is attached to the reflector in contact with the discharge tube, so that a part of the discharge tube is locally cooled by the heat conduction member. Liquid mercury is collected at a first position in the discharge tube, and the backlight is assembled so that the heat conduction member or other cooling device is located at the first position. Also, the display device includes an optical sheet having a diffusion portion having projections containing scattering material particles.

Abstract: A side light type backlight includes a light source including a plurality of LEDs, and a light guide plate. One of the end surfaces of the light guide plate is a light incidence surface at which a plurality of R-LEDs, a plurality of G-LEDs and a plurality of B-LEDs are arranged. LEDs satisfy the relationship of: a distribution range of light emitted from G-LEDs<a distribution range of light emitted from R-LEDs, or a distribution range of light emitted from G-LEDs<a distribution range of light emitted from B-LEDs. Also, LEDs are electrically connected to each other.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to avoid packet loss and implement a seamless handover by minimizing the handover latency when a handover is implemented by a multihomed moving network (MN) or a mobile host (MH). The present invention is a mobile communication system that is constituted comprising an MN, a plurality of AI each constituting an interface for the connection to a core network at the MN, and a control device (MMF), wherein the MMF dynamically changes the AI adopted as the connection interface when a predetermined condition is satisfied on the basis of the connection status to the core network at each AI or the prediction information for a subsequent handover.

Abstract: An optical film having a thin film stacked and optical characteristics close to design values is provided. In a vacuum chamber (2), a rotating drum (3) holding a substrate (4), an Si target (22) for forming a metal film on a film forming plane of the substrate (4), a Ta target (23), and an ECR reaction chamber (30) for reacting the metal film to a reaction gas by plasma, are provided. A film forming apparatus (51) is provided with an ion gun (11) for accelerating reaction of the film formed on the film forming plane by irradiating the film forming plane with ion beams, and the metal film formation, the gas reaction and the reaction acceleration by using ion beams are repeatedly performed.

Abstract: An illumination device is provided which can reduce a movement blur and a tailing phenomenon on a motion picture display while a drop in display brightness is suppressed, and which can suppress power consumption, can be made small and light, and can prolong the lifetime, and a liquid crystal display device using the same is provided. A light source control part of a control circuit synchronizes a latch pulse signal outputted from a gate driver control part to a gate driver, and outputs light emission control signals to respective light source power supply circuits. The respective light source power supply circuits change emission states of cold cathode fluorescent lamps to one of a first to a third emission states on the basis of the inputted light emission control signals, and illuminate an LCD panel from a rear surface of a display area.

Abstract: A mobile communications system for transferring packets to a mobile communications terminal according to address information of the mobile communications terminal is disclosed. The mobile communications terminal is located in a moving network connected to a given node in a core network. The address information of the mobile communications terminal includes common information related to the given node to which the moving network is connected, and individual information which is unrelated to the given node to which the moving network is connected and is unchanged when the given node to which the moving network is connected is changed.

Abstract: Gain setting of a receiving amplifier, is performed by detecting the necessity of gain setting when a receiving amplifier is turned on, requesting WDM transmission equipment in a preceding station to output ASE light; in a WDM transmission equipment of the preceding station, shutting off both passing-through light and added light, and outputting the ASE light corresponding to a predetermined number of wavelengths of signal light; in the receiving amplifier of the WDM transmission equipment in the station of interest, performing the gain setting by use of the ASE light; and on completion of the gain setting, the WDM transmission equipment of the station of interest, requesting the WDM transmission eouipment of the preceding station to halt the ASE light output, and the WDM transmission equipment of the preceding station, halting the ASE light output upon receiving the request and switching the output to an optical signal output.

Abstract: A display device includes a backlight having a discharge tube and a reflector. A heat conduction member is attached to the reflector in contact with the discharge tube, so that a part of the discharge tube is locally cooled by the heat conduction member. Liquid mercury is collected at a first position in the discharge tube, and the backlight is assembled so that the heat conduction member or other cooling device is located at the first position. Also, the display device includes an optical sheet having a diffusion portion having projections containing scattering material particles.