Abstract: To obtain a liquid crystal display device which has no leakage of light and has excellent contrast in the minimum number of manufacturing processes. To obtain cell gap Ga on the array panel 12, first projecting sections 38A are formed in a black matrix 38, and, on the color filter panel 13, second projecting sections 50 are formed in which a red color filter 46R, a green color filter 46G, and a blue color filter 46B are placed one upon another. Since the heights of the first projecting sections 38A and the second projecting sections 50 can be made, for instance, half of cell gap Ga, the rubbing process of orientation films 40 and 54 can be performed reliably. In this way, liquid crystal elements can be fully aligned, preventing the leakage of light. Further, since no transparent spacer is required, there is no leakage of light due to this. In addition, the projecting sections can be formed simply by the processes for forming the color filter 46 and the black matrix 38.

Abstract: A light-sensitive composition for forming a black matrix comprises (a) a photopolymerizable unsaturated compound, (b) a photopolymerization initiator, (c) a binder and (d) a pigment, wherein the amount of monovalent metallic cations present in the pigment as impurities is not more than 5 ppm; a black matrix is formed from the composition; a color filter substrate comprises a transparent substrate and a color filter formed thereon, wherein it further comprises the foregoing black matrix formed thereon; and a liquid crystal display device comprises an array substrate provided thereon with display electrodes and switching elements, a color filter substrate, common electrodes and a liquid crystal injected in the space between the array substrate and the color filter substrate, wherein it further comprises the foregoing black matrix formed on the switching elements or on the color filter substrate.

Abstract: The present invention is a color filter and method of making a color filter in which a reactive dye is added to a photosensitive composite, which contains pigment to form the color filter, and the reactive dye reacts with the binder polymer of the photosensitive composite to form a color filter having a high contrast color filter. The photosensitive composite, which has a primary color and which contains the product of the binder polymer and the reactive dye, is deposited on a glass substrate over a shielding layer. A layer of PVA is then deposited on the photosensitive composite layer. A masking layer then defines the area of the specific primary color for the photosensitive composite. This process is then repeated for the remaining primary colors of the color filter. The color filter produced by this process has a very high contrast ratio.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to color liquid crystal displays and more particularly to color liquid crystal displays in which the color filter functions as the orientation layer. A film which functions as both an orientation layer controlling the orientation of liquid crystal molecules and as a color filter is described. A process for producing the combination film is also described. The process comprises synthesizing a polyimide precursor by the ring-opening polyaddition reaction of a diamine component and an acid anhydride component in a solvent. Wherein the diamine component has a predetermined structure. Further, the acid anhydride component has a predetermined structure. Finally, the process includes the step of dispersing coloring materials in the polyimide precursor to form the filter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a color liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixels, in which conductive films are arranged at regions corresponding to the respective pixels, a light-shielding conductive layer is connected to the conductive films and extends in a region between the pixels, and color filters are formed on the conductive films.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device which allows a multi-gradation display to be attained by selectively applying or removing a fixed voltage to the liquid crystal, eliminating the necessity of substantially increasing the display unit area or finely adjusting the value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal of each pixel to obtain multiple gradiations in display level. In a liquid crystal display device in which the application of a voltage to a liquid crystal for each pixel is controlled, in accordance with the present invention, one display unit comprises n (n is a positive integer) adjacent pixels. A light transmission factor control layer for controlling the light transmission factor of the pixel is provided for each pixel. The ratio between light transmission factors of light transmission factor control layers of n pixels in a display unit is set as follows: 2.sup.0 :2.sup.1 :2.sup.2 . . . 2.sup.n-1 where the number of gradiations is 2.sup.n.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light shield for use in liquid crystal displays. According to the present invention, the light shielding layer includes an acrylic resin with a cross-linked structure in which carbon black particles are dispersed. Further, the light shield may be adapted to cover a switching element which controls the voltage applied to the liquid crystals. In addition, the present invention is directed to a method of manufacturing a light shield which includes an acrylic resin with cross-linked structure in which carbon black particles are dispersed.

Abstract: Color filters, including those used in a liquid crystal display, aee repaired in a self-aligning manner. Defective parts of the colored pixels of a filter are filled with a negative type photosensitive resin containing a pigment of the same color as the colored pixel. The photosensitive resin is exposed to light through the defective colored pixels and the exposed resin is developed. When the defect extends through pixels of different colors, a gray colored resin is utilized. The gray colored resin has a color temperature equal to that of the white color temperature resulting from the additive color process of the colors of the various colored pixels of the filter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a color liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixels, in which conductive films are arranged at regions corresponding to the respective pixels, a light-shielding conductive layer is connected to the conductive films and extends in a region between the pixels, and color filters are formed on the conductive films.

Abstract: A color liquid crystal display comprises a liquid crystal interposed between two transparent electrodes. The electrode on at least one side of the liquid crystal comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes, each pixel electrode defining the area of one pixel of the display. Two or more pixels together form a picture element of the color display. One pixel (a chromatic pixel) of each picture element has a color filter covering the pixel. The other pixel (an achromatic pixel) of each picture element has a translucent (noncolored) filter covering the pixel. The translucent filter also covers a peripheral region of each color pixel. The peripheral region of each chromatic pixel (which is covered by both the color filter and the translucent filter) forms a light shield to increase the contrast of the display. A transparent (noncolored) filter is provided over each achromatic pixel to adjust the overall thickness of the liquid crystal, so as to minimize light leakage at the achromatic pixels.