Abstract: To provide a lithium secondary cell, which is excellent in productivity since a cell structure is simple and easy for assembly. Provided is a lithium secondary cell having: an internal electrode body including a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate being wound and laminated around an external periphery wall of a hollow cylindrical winding core, and inside the internal electrode body a nonaqueous electrolyte solution being impregnated, a cylindrical cell case contained in this internal electrode body 1 with both ends being opened, and two electrode caps sealing the above described internal electrode body 1 at both the open ends of this cell case.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery of the present invention is characterized in that the negative active material has a lattice strain of 1% or less as measured by X-ray diffractometry, the negative active material has a crystallite diameter of 150 Å or more as measured by X-ray diffractometry, and, in the Raman spectrum of the negative active material obtained with an argon ion laser beam, a ratio (Ib/Ia) of peak intensity (Ib) at 1,330 to 1,360 cm−1 to peak intensity (Ia) at 1,550 to 1,580 cm−1 satisfies a relation of 0.1≦Ib/Ia≦0.8; hardly shows a reduction in relative discharge capacity even at high temperatures; and is superior in cycle characteristic.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes: an electrode body having a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, the positive electrode and the negative electrode being wound or laminated by means of the separator; and a nonaqueous electrolyte solution containing a lithium compound as a electrolyte.

Abstract: In a circulating type food and drink transport apparatus, since a first magnet and second magnets are disposed such that the same magnetic poles thereof confront each other, when a food and drink vessel is placed on a transport path, the first magnet faces the second magnets through the same polarities. Thus, the first magnet is subjected to the repulsive force of the second magnets, whereby the food and drink vessel tends to be stably located between adjacent magnets of the second magnets. When the second magnets are circulatingly traveled in a predetermined direction, the first magnet circulatingly travels at the same speed as the traveling speed of the second magnets because it tends to secure the above stable position.

Abstract: To provide a lithium secondary battery with a high critical discharge current even under a low temperature condition, with an excellent cycle characteristic and reduced manufacturing cost. This lithium secondary battery includes a wound type electrode body comprising a positive electrode plate, and a negative electrode plate both of which have been wound around a core via a separator; said electrode body being impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte, and a cylindrical case for housing the electrode body and the non-aqueous electrolyte; the case having at least one opening at either end thereof; said at least one opening being sealed. The separator is subjected to drying treatment before assembly.

Abstract: There is provided a method of evaluating an electrode body impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte, comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode wound or laminated with a separator inserted in between. The discharge limit of the electrode body is evaluated by means of affinity of the non-aqueous electrolyte for the separator. This method is capable of selecting an optimal combination between a separator and non-aqueous electrolyte and evaluating a discharge limit of the electrode body before finally manufacturing a lithium secondary cell.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery, includes: a cylindrical battery case (16) provided with electrode caps at both end portions thereof; an electrode body (1) impregnated with a nonaqueous electrolyte solution and contained in the battery case and including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, the positive electrode and the negative electrode being wound or laminated through the separator; and moreover, an elastic body (23) disposed between the battery case (16) and the electrode caps with portions in which the battery case (16) contacts the elastic body (23) being brought into press-contact to form a caulked portion to seal the battery case (16). With Rbody (mm) being diameter of a body part of the battery case (16), Rtop (mm) being diameter of the caulked portion, Rbody and Rtop fulfill relationship of Rbody>Rtop.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery contains an electrode body obtained by winding a positive electrode and a negative electrode via a separator, a non-aqueous electrolytic solution, and a battery case accommodating the electrode body and the non-aqueous electrolytic solution. A lid and a metal foil are adhered to each other with a resin to form a pressure-releasing valve and make air-tight the inside of the battery case. This secondary battery is easy to produce and has excellent operational safety and excellent reliability.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery contains an electrode body obtained by winding a positive electrode and a negative electrode via a separator, a non-aqueous electrolytic solution, and a battery case accommodating the electrode body and the non-aqueous electrolytic solution. A lid and a metal foil are adhered to each other with a resin to form a pressure-releasing valve and make air-tight the inside of the battery case. This secondary battery is easy to produce and has excellent operational safety and excellent reliability.

Abstract: A multi-directional operating switch is disclosed, comprising a housing having a bottomed receptacle portion, a central fixed contact portion disposed on an inner bottom surface of the receptacle portion, peripheral fixed contact portions disposed on a peripheral surface with respect to the central fixed contact portion, a plurality of movable contacts disposed respectively in opposition to the central and peripheral fixed contact portions, and a step for depressing the plural movable contacts selectively to switch over from one contact to another, wherein the movable contacts are disposed within the receptacle portion of the housing in such a manner that in the depressing direction of the stem the movable contact disposed in opposition to the central fixed contact portion and the movable contacts disposed in opposition to the peripheral fixed contact portions are spaced a predetermined distance from each other, while in a direction perpendicular to the stem depressing direction they partially overlap each ot

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery has an internal electrode body formed by winding a positive electrode and a negative electrode on an outer periphery wall of a hollow winding core and dipped into nonaqueous electrolyte solution, a cylindrical battery case containing this internal electrode body 1 inside with its both ends being open, and has electrode caps which have battery caps, internal terminals, and external terminals and seal the internal electrode body at the both open ends of the battery case. At least one of the electrode caps has a pressure release hole in a position corresponding with the center axis of the winding core.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved hinge structure for joining a temple and a front or lens rim together in eyeglasses. It comprises two semicolon-like rotary pieces each having a step-like circular extension integrally connected to its triangular block. The step-like circular extension has a through hole made therein. The semicolon-like rotary pieces are so combined that their step-like circular extensions are laid on each other, with a flat washer sandwiched therebetween. The semicolon-like rotary pieces are joined together by inserting a pivot pin in the through holes of the step-like extensions with another flat washer laid on one side of the so combined rotary pieces, and with the outward-curved resilient washer laid the other side of the so combined rotary pieces. The pivot pin is swaged against the so combined rotary pieces. The triangular blocks of the rotary pieces are to be fixed to the temple and the front or lens rim of the frame.

Abstract: To provide a lithium secondary cell, which is excellent in productivity since a cell structure is simple and easy for assembly. Provided is a lithium secondary cell having: an internal electrode body including a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate being wound and laminated around an external periphery wall of a hollow cylindrical winding core, and inside the internal electrode body a nonaqueous electrolyte solution being impregnated, a cylindrical cell case contained in this internal electrode body 1 with both ends being opened, and two electrode caps sealing the above described internal electrode body 1 at both the open ends of this cell case.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes an electrode unit produced by winding or laminating a positive electrode and a negative electrode via a separator, and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution containing a lithium compound as an electrolyte. The cumulative concentration of water (H2O) released from both of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is suppressed to 5,000 ppm or lower in relation to the weight of the electrode unit, exclusive of current collectors, in the case where both electrode plates are heated at 25 to 200° C. and/or 1,500 ppm or lower in the case where both electrode plates are heated at 200 to 300° C. The lithium secondary battery can have high charging and discharging efficiency, excellent cycle property and reliability by suppressing deterioration of battery properties.

Abstract: A multi-directional operating switch is disclosed, comprising a housing having a bottomed receptacle portion, a central fixed contact portion disposed on an inner bottom surface of the receptacle portion, peripheral fixed contact portions disposed on a peripheral surface with respect to the central fixed contact portion, a plurality of movable contacts disposed respectively in opposition to the central and peripheral fixed contact portions, and a step for depressing the plural movable contacts selectively to switch over from one contact to another, wherein the movable contacts are disposed within the receptacle portion of the housing in such a manner that in the depressing direction of the stem the movable contact disposed in opposition to the central fixed contact portion and the movable contacts disposed in opposition to the peripheral fixed contact portions are spaced a predetermined distance from each other, while in a direction perpendicular to the stem depressing direction they partially overlap each ot

Abstract: An apparatus for sensing low concentration NOx in the atmosphere is disclosed. The apparatus has sensor elements arranged in a flow path of the atmosphere, the resistance of each of said sensor elements varying in response to changes in NOx concentration of the atmosphere; a catalyst arranged between said sensor elements to maintain partial pressures of NO and NO.sub.2 in the atmosphere at an equilibrium state; and measuring means for receiving signals from said sensor elements, one sensor element being contacted with the atmosphere which is not passed through said catalyst and the other sensor element being contacted with the atmosphere which is passed through said catalyst and for determining the concentrations of NO.sub.2 and NO in the atmosphere on the basis of said signals.

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus for sensing low concentration NOx in a measurement gas especially in the atmosphere has at least a sensor element made of an oxide arranged in a flow path of the measurement gas, the resistance of the sensor element varying in response to changes in NOx concentration in the measurement gas. As suitable options of this type of the NOx sensor, there are disclosed a chamber used for an apparatus for sensing low concentration NOx, a gas sensor element and a method of manufacturing the gas sensor element, and an ammonia removing apparatus and an NOx sensor utilizing the ammonia removing apparatus.

Abstract: A method of measuring a gas concentration for measuring any one of the concentrations of NOx, NO.sub.2, NO, and O.sub.2 by using one or more sensor elements utilizing a metal oxide semiconductor as a sensing element is disclosed. In the method of measuring a gas concentration, any one of the partial pressures of NO.sub.2, NO, and O.sub.2 is calculated on the basis of the following formula (1), and any one of the concentrations of NOx, NO.sub.2, NO, and O.sub.2 is measured on the basis of the calculated partial pressure; ##EQU1## wherein R is resistance and A-H and Q are constant.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a ceramic shell-and-tube type heat exchanger having a plurality of heat transfer tubes and tubular plates joined to both the end portions of these heat transfer tubes which has the steps of inserting the heat transfer tubes of sintered tubular ceramics into through-holes of the tubular plates of unsintered plate-like ceramics having a plurality of the through-holes, standing the heat transfer tubes vertically to a floor surface, and then firing them in a condition where the tubular plates are positioned at both the upper and lower end portions of the heat transfer tubes, thereby integrally joining the tubular plates to both the end portions of the plurality of heat transfer tubes by the utilization of a difference between firing shrinkage ratios of both the members, the method having the steps of interposing at least one tubular plate between the tubular plate positioned at the upper end portions and the tubular plate positioned at the lower end portions of the heat transfer tubes,

Abstract: An anchor device for an optical cable comprises an anchor clamp for anchoring an optical cable, which is extended along power transmission lines stretched between iron towers, to an iron tower associated therewith, and a semiconductive ring having a predetermined volume resistivity and having a rounded external shape. The semiconductive ring is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the optical cable in contact with an end of a reinforcing rod of the anchor clamp opposite the tower. By attaching the semiconductive ring, it is possible to lessen the intensity of the electric field of the power transmission lines in the vicinity of that end of the anchor clamp.