Abstract: The driving apparatus comprising a first motor, a first gear mechanism having a first input shaft and a first output shaft connected to the first motor, a second motor, and a second gear mechanism having a second input shaft and a second output shaft connected to the second motor. The first gear mechanism is configured such that the first input shaft and the first output shaft are in an intersecting or twisted position, and the second gear mechanism is configured such that the second input shaft and the second output shaft are in an intersecting or twisted position.

Abstract: A vehicle drive device is provided that can suppress the increase in dimension in the radial direction while ensuring a sufficient speed reduction ratio. Two driving force sources are arranged on a first axis, two output members are arranged on a second axis, two counter gear mechanisms are arranged on a third axis. A planetary gear mechanism is configured to transmit rotation from the two counter gear mechanisms to the output members, and is disposed so as to overlap with both of the two counter gear mechanisms as seen in an axial direction along and axial direction.

Abstract: A vehicle drive device is provided that can suppress the increase in dimension in the radial direction while ensuring a sufficient speed reduction ratio. Two driving force sources are arranged on a first axis, two output members are arranged on a second axis, two counter gear mechanisms are arranged on a third axis. A planetary gear mechanism is configured to transmit rotation from the two counter gear mechanisms to the output members, and is disposed so as to overlap with both of the two counter gear mechanisms as seen in an axial direction along and axial direction.

Abstract: A first case portion includes an end wall portion disposed on a first axial side with respect to a transmission. A second case portion is disposed on the first axial side with respect to a rotor of a rotary electric machine, and includes a first support portion that supports a rotor shaft and a second support portion disposed on a second axial side with respect to the rotor of the rotary electric machine to support the rotor shaft. The second support portion includes a bearing attachment portion to which a rotor bearing for supporting the rotor shaft is attached, and radially extending portion that extends from bearing attachment portion toward an outer side in a radial direction. A speed reducer is disposed between the radially extending portion and the end wall portion in axial direction to face the radially extending portion and the end wall portion in the axial direction.

Abstract: A first case portion includes an end wall portion disposed on a first axial side with respect to a transmission. A second case portion is disposed on the first axial side with respect to a rotor of a rotary electric machine, and includes a first support portion that supports a rotor shaft and a second support portion disposed on a second axial side with respect to the rotor of the rotary electric machine to support the rotor shaft. The second support portion includes a bearing attachment portion to which a rotor bearing for supporting the rotor shaft is attached, and radially extending portion that extends from bearing attachment portion toward an outer side in a radial direction. A speed reducer is disposed between the radially extending portion and the end wall portion in axial direction to face the radially extending portion and the end wall portion in the axial direction.

Abstract: A method for polarization treatment of a piezoelectric/electrostrictive film type chip, comprising: providing a piezoelectric/electrostrictive film type chip comprising a plurality of piezoelectric/electro-strictive film type elements each having a piezoelec-tric/electrostrictive section constituted by a thin diaphragm, a lower electrode formed on the diaphragm, a piezoelectric/electrostrictive layer formed on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed on the piezoelectric/electrostrictive layer, dividing the plurality of piezoelectric/electrostrictive film type elements into two or more element groups, and subjecting each element group to a polarization treatment. The chip after the polarization treatment is low in dielectric breakdown and can be used as a reliable piezoelectric/electrostrictive film type chip.