Abstract: The invention provides a parakeratosis inhibitor, pore-shrinking agent, or rough skin preventing/ameliorating agent that has a function such as parakeratosis inhibition, pore shrinkage, or rough skin-inhibition/abatement, poses no safety problems such as sensory irritation, and is very safe, and further provides an external composition for skin to which a compound having the above-mentioned function has been added. The parakeratosis inhibitor, pore-shrinking agent, or rough skin preventing/ameliorating agent comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of ?-alanine derivatives and salts thereof. The external composition for skin comprises the one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of ?-alanine derivatives and salts thereof as the above-mentioned parakeratosis inhibitor, pore-shrinking agent, or rough skin preventing/ameliorating agent.

Abstract: To provide a parakeratosis inhibitor, pore reducing agent and skin roughness preventing/ameliorating agent that exhibit capabilities of parakeratosis inhibition, pore reduction, skin roughness prevention/amelioration, etc., and further provide a skin preparation for external use having these capabilities. There are provide a parakeratosis inhibitor and a pore reducing agent each comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a glycine derivative, an aminodicarboxylic acid derivative, an acylaminodicarboxylic acid derivative, a pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid derivative, a piperidinecarboxylic acid derivative, a hexamethyleneiminecarboxylic acid, a beta-alanine derivative and salts of these derivatives.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to determine novel means of activating plants; more particularly, means of controlling plant growth, such as means of promoting growth, means of controlling dormancy, means of imparting tolerance against stress for plants (dryness, high or low temperatures, osmotic pressure, etc.), and means of preventing aging. The present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by providing plant activators containing, as an active ingredient, C4-C24 ketol fatty acids, in particular, 9-hydroxy-10-oxo-12(Z),15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid.

Abstract: A SCCA-1 production inhibitor, comprising as an active ingredient, at least one carboxamide derivative selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following formula (I): wherein X is CR5 or N, R1, R4 and R5 each independently represent hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl or a C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl group having 1-5 hydroxy groups, R2 and R3 each independently represent hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl or a C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl group having 1-5 hydroxy groups, or each represents a group —(CH2)n—, wherein n represents an integer of 1 or 2, and may form a 5- to 6-membered ring together with the atoms to which they are bonded and with the carbonyl group, allantoin, and salts thereof.

Abstract: To provide a parakeratosis inhibitor, pore reducing agent and skin roughness preventing/ameliorating agent that exhibit capabilities of parakeratosis inhibition, pore reduction, skin roughness prevention/amelioration, etc., and further provide a skin preparation for external use having these capabilities. There are provided a parakeratosis inhibitor, a pore reducing agent and a skin roughness preventing/ameliorating agent each comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of specified glycine derivatives and salts thereof and specified aminosulfuric acid derivatives and salts thereof. Still further, there are provided skin preparations for external use comprising these compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides a parakeratosis inhibitor, pore-shrinking agent, or rough skin preventing/ameliorating agent that has a function such as parakeratosis inhibition, pore shrinkage, or rough skin—inhibition/abatement, poses no safety problems such as sensory irritation, and is very safe, and further provides an external composition for skin to which a compound having the above-mentioned function has been added. The parakeratosis inhibitor, pore-shrinking agent, or rough skin preventing/ameliorating agent comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of ?-alanine derivatives and salts thereof. The external composition for skin comprises the one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of ?-alanine derivatives and salts thereof as the above-mentioned parakeratosis inhibitor, pore-shrinking agent, or rough skin preventing/ameliorating agent.

Abstract: To provide a parakeratosis inhibitor, pore reducing agent and skin roughness preventing/ameliorating agent that exhibit capabilities of parakeratosis inhibition, pore reduction, skin roughness prevention/amelioration, etc., and further provide a skin preparation for external use having these capabilities. There are provide a parakeratosis inhibitor and a pore reducing agent each comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a glycine derivative, an aminodicarboxylic acid derivative, an acylaminodicarboxylic acid derivative, a pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid derivative, a piperidinecarboxylic acid derivative, a hexamethyleneiminecarboxylic acid, a beta-alanine derivative and salts of these derivatives.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to determine novel means of activating plants; more particularly, means of controlling plant growth, such as means of promoting growth, means of controlling dormancy, means of imparting tolerance against stress for plants (dryness, high or low temperatures, osmotic pressure, etc.), and means of preventing aging. The present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by providing plant activators containing, as an active ingredient, C4-C24 ketol fatty acids, in particular, 9-hydroxy-10-oxo-12(Z),15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid.

Abstract: A wrinkle-preventing and -improving composition comprising one or more than one compound selected from the group consisting of ?-amino acid derivatives represented by the following general formula (1) and salts thereof: wherein, R1 represents hydrogen atom, CH3 group or CH2OH group, R2 and R3 each independently represent hydrogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbons, provided that R2 and R3 cannot be hydrogen atom at the same time, or R2 and R3 together with N atom to which they are bound may form a ring structure having a total carbon number of 4 to 6, in which case said ring structure may optionally contain an oxygen atom as a heteroatom, R4 represents hydrogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbons, wherein when R1 and R4 are hydrogen atom, it cannot be that one of R2 and R3 is benzyloxycarbonyl group and the other is hydrogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention provides a parakeratosis inhibitor, a pore-shrinking agent, and a rough skin inhibiting or ameliorating agent comprising, as an active ingredient, a compound that has excellent effects and high safety without safety problems such as sensory irritation, and provides an external composition for skin containing the same. The compound is selected from the glutamic acid derivatives represented by formula (1) or (2) and the salts thereof: wherein A represents a carbamoyl group, a benzyloxycarbonyl group, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an allyl group, or an amidino group; wherein Z represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, etc.

Abstract: The invention provides a parakeratosis inhibitor, pore-shrinking agent, or rough skin preventing/amaliorating agent that has a function such as parakeratosis inhibition, pore shrinkage, or rough skin-inhibition/abatement, poses no safety problems such as sensory irritation, and is very safe, and to further provide an external composition for skin to which a compound having the above-mentioned function has been added. The parakeratosis inhibitor agent, pore-shrinking agent, or rough skin preventing/amaliorating agent comprises one, two, or more compounds selected from the group consisting of ?-amino acid derivatives and salts thereof. The external composition for skin comprises the one, two, or more compounds selected from the group consisting of ?-amino acid derivatives and salts thereof as the above-mentioned parakeratosis inhibitor, pore-shrinking agent, or rough skin preventing/amaliorating agent.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to determine novel means of activating plants; more particularly, means of controlling plant growth, such as means of promoting growth, means of controlling dormancy, means of imparting tolerance against stress for plants (dryness, high or low temperatures, osmotic pressure, etc.), and means of preventing aging. The present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by providing plant activators containing, as an active ingredient, C4-C24 ketol fatty acids, in particular, 9-hydroxy-10-oxo-12(Z),15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid.

Abstract: ?-Ketol unsaturated fatty acid derivatives represented by the following formula (1), ?-ketol unsaturated fatty acid amide derivatives represented by the following formula (6), and plant growth regulators containing, as the active ingredient, at least one of these derivatives: wherein R1 represents linear C1-5 alkyl; R represents hydrogen, etc.; R3 represents hydrogen, etc.; R4 represents hydrogen, etc.; R5 represents hydrogen, etc.; n is an integer from 3 to 15; and the carbon atoms at the A- and B-positions may be in either (R)- or (S)-configuration; and wherein R7 represents C1-17 alkyl, etc; R8 represents hydrogen, etc.; R9 represents ?-ketolalkylene; and R10 represents specific divalent linear hydrocarbyl.

Abstract: To provide a parakeratosis inhibitor, pore reducing agent and skin roughness preventing/ameliorating agent that exhibit capabilities of parakeratosis inhibition, pore reduction, skin roughness prevention/amelioration, etc., and further provide a skin preparation for external use having these capabilities. There are provide a parakeratosis inhibitor and a pore reducing agent each comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a glycine derivative, an aminodicarboxylic acid derivative, an acylaminodicarboxylic acid derivative, a pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid derivative, a piperidinecarboxylic acid derivative, a hexamethyleneiminecarboxylic acid, a beta-alanine derivative and salts of these derivatives.

Abstract: ?-Ketol unsaturated fatty acid derivatives represented by the following formula (1), ?-ketol unsaturated fatty acid amide derivatives represented by the following formula (6), and plant growth regulators containing, as the active ingredient, at least one of these derivatives: wherein R1 represents linear C1-5 alkyl; R2 represents hydrogen, etc.; R3 represents hydrogen, etc.; R4 represents hydrogen, etc.; R5 represents hydrogen, etc.; n is an integer from 3 to 15; and the carbon atoms at the A- and B-positions may be in either (R)- or (S)-configuration; and wherein R7 represents C1-17 alkyl, etc; R8 represents hydrogen, etc.; R9 represents ?-ketolalkylene; and R10 represents specific divalent linear hydrocarbyl.

Abstract: ?-Ketol unsaturated fatty acid derivatives represented by the following formula (1), ?-ketol unsaturated fatty acid amide derivatives represented by the following formula (6), and plant growth regulators containing, as the active ingredient, at least one of these derivatives: wherein R1 represents linear C1-5 alkyl; R represents hydrogen, etc.; R3 represents hydrogen, etc.; R4 represents hydrogen, etc.; R5 represents hydrogen, etc.; n is an integer from 3 to 15; and the carbon atoms at the A- and B-positions may be in either (R)- or (S)-configuration; and wherein R7 represents C1-17 alkyl, etc; R8 represents hydrogen, etc.; R9 represents ?-ketolalkylene; and R10 represents specific divalent linear hydrocarbyl.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to determine novel means of activating plants; more particularly, means or controlling plant growth, such as means of promoting growth, means of controlling dormancy, means of imparting tolerance against stress for plants (dryness, high or low temperatures, osmotic pressure, etc.), and means of preventing aging. The present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by providing plant activators containing, as an active ingredient, C4-C24 ketol fatty acids, in particular, 9-hydroxy-10-oxo-12(Z),15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid.

Abstract: &agr;-Ketol unsaturated fatty acid derivatives represented by the following formula (1), &agr;-ketol unsaturated fatty acid amide derivatives represented by the following formula (6), and plant growth regulators containing, as the active ingredient, at least one of these derivatives: 1

Abstract: A purified enzyme-I is obtained that participates in C-terminal amidation by acting on a peptide C-terminal glycine adduct to form a peptide C-terminal .alpha.-hydroxyglycine adduct. The enzyme has an optimum pH of about 5 to 7, an optimum temperature of 25 to 40.degree. C. and a molecular weight of about 25 kDa or about 36 kDa, and metal ions and ascorbic acid act as a cofactor. A purified enzyme-II is obtained that participates in C-terminal amidation by acting on the peptide C-terminal .alpha.-hydroxyglycine adduct to produce a C-terminal amidated compound. The enzyme has an optimum pH of about 5 to 6, an optimum temperature of 15 to 35.degree. C. and a molecular weight of about 40 kDa or about 43 kDa. Enzyme-I does not act on the peptide C-terminal .alpha.-hydroxyglycine adduct and enzyme-II does not act on the peptide C-terminal glycine adduct. The enzymes may be purified from a biological material such as horse serum by affinity chromatography using a peptide C-terminal glycine adduct as a ligand.

Abstract: A purified enzyme-I is obtained that participates in C-terminal amidation by acting on a peptide C-terminal glycine adduct to form a peptide C-terminal .alpha.-hydroxyglycine adduct. The enzyme has an optimum pH of about 5 to 7, an optimum temperature of 25.degree. to 40.degree. C. and a molecular weight of about 25 kDa or about 36 kDa, and metal ions and ascorbic acid act as a cofactor. A purified enzyme-II is obtained that participates in C-terminal amidation by acting on a peptide C-terminal .alpha.-hydroxyglycine adduct to produce a C-terminal amidated compound. The enzyme has an optimum pH of about 5 to 6, an optimum temperature of 15.degree. to 35.degree. C. and a molecular weight of about 40 kDa or about 43 kDa. Enzyme-I does not act on the peptide C-terminal .alpha.-hydroxyglycine adduct and enzyme-II does not act on the peptide C-terminal glycine adduct.