Abstract: An immunoassay element for quantitatively analyzing a macromolecular antigen by determining the change in enzymatic activity caused by a reaction between the macromolecular polymer antigen and an enzyme-labelled antibody. The immunoassay element comprises a substrate layer containing a non-diffusible substrate which forms a diffusible material in the presence of the enzyme, and a reagent layer containing a fragmenting enzyme for further fragmenting the diffusible material into a lower molecular weight product. Also provided is a process for quantitatively analyzing a macromolecular antigen in a sample by the use of the immunoassay element.

Abstract: A dry-type analytical element for immunoassay having at least one water-permeable layer for measuring a ligand in a sample according to enzyme immunoassay, which comprises,(A) a water-soluble macromolecular substrate, and(B) an enzyme conjugated with antibody reacting with the ligand in the sample capable to act on the above water-soluble macromolecular substrate. The above analytical element further comprises,(C) a macromolecular antigen which is a conjugate of the ligand or its derivative with a macromolecular compound in the above water-permeable layer of the above dry-type analytical element.The invention can conduct highly sensitive and simple enzyme immunoassay.

Abstract: An immunoassay element for quantitatively analyzing a ligand by determining the change in enzymatic activity caused by a reaction between the ligand, a linked product of the ligand and a high molecular weight compound and an enzyme-labelled antibody. The immunoassay element comprises a substrate layer containing a non-diffusible substrate which forms a diffusible material in the presence of the enzyme, and a reagent layer containing a fragmenting enzyme for further fragmenting the non-difussible material. Also provided is a process for quantitatively analyzing a ligand contained in a sample by the use of the immunoassay element.

Abstract: An immunoassay element for quantitatively analyzing a ligand by determining the change in enzymatic activity. When the ligand is a low molecular weight antigen, competitive reactions between the ligand, enzyme-labelled antibody and conjugate of the antigen and high molecular weight compound are utilized. When the ligand is a macromolecular antigen, a reaction between the ligand and an enzyme-labelled antibody is utilized directly. The immunoassay element comprises a substrate layer containing a non-diffusible substrate which forms a diffusible material in the presence of the enzyme, and a reagent layer for detecting the thus formed diffusible material. The non-diffusible substrate is composed of a pulverized insoluble polysaccharide. The reagent layer may further contain a fragmenting enzyme for further fragmenting the non-diffusible material.

Abstract: A dry-type analytical element for immunoassay having at least one water-permeable layer for measuring a ligand in a sample according to enzyme immunoassay, which comprises,(A) a water-insoluble macromolecular substrate, and(B) an antibody, reacting with the ligand in the sample, conjugated with an enzyme capable of acting on the above water-insoluble macromolecular substrate.The above analytical substance further comprises,(C) a macromolecular substance which is a conjugate of the ligand or its derivative with a macromolecular compound in the above water-permeable layer of the above dry-type analytical element.The invention can conduct a highly sensitive and simple enzyme immunoassay.