Abstract: An optical system that obtains characteristics of a transmission path in atmosphere, when laser light propagates through this transmission path, at a place separated from this transmission path and before the propagation, and corrects wavefront of the laser light based on the obtained characteristics, is provided. The optical system is provided with an irradiation device and an atmospheric characteristics obtaining system. The irradiation device irradiates an external target with light via a first optical path. The atmospheric characteristics obtaining system is arranged in a second optical path separated from the first optical path and obtains characteristics of atmospheric environment in the first optical path with respect to the irradiated light. The irradiation device is provided with wavefront correction optics. The wavefront correction optics correct wavefront of the irradiated light based on the obtained characteristics.

Abstract: A laser beam irradiation apparatus including: a plurality of laser light sources emitting first laser beams; and a light-condensing optics system having an incident face on which the first laser beams are made incident and performing an optical operation on the first laser beams to emit second laser beams. The plurality of laser light sources are configured to emit the first laser beams so that beam diameters are expanded towards the incident face. Each first laser beam overlaps at least one of the other laser beams on the incident face. The light-condensing optics system is configured so that beam diameters of second laser beams emitted from the light-condensing optics system are minimal on a target face, and a distance between a center of each second laser beam and the optical axis on the target face is smaller than a beam radius of each second laser beam on the target face.

Abstract: A spacecraft for changing an orbit or an attitude of a target in outer space by irradiating the target with a laser, the spacecraft includes: a laser apparatus configured to generate the laser; a focusing unit configured to converge the laser; a detecting unit configured to acquire detection information including a distance between the spacecraft and the target; and an irradiation control unit configured to control the focusing unit on the basis of the distance so that the laser converges on the target.

Abstract: A propulsion strengthening member attached to a surface of an object existing in outer space, the propulsion strengthening member includes: a transparent member that transmits an emitted laser; and an opaque member that is provided between the transparent member and the object and absorbs the laser such that at least a part thereof is evaporated by energy of the laser.

Abstract: A driving optical system is used to observe a disturbance of a wavefront of reference light received from a target and generate a wavefront in a conjugate relationship with the wavefront. A plurality of control signals are generated on a basis of a plurality of Zernike coefficients calculated as a Zernike polynomial which approximates the wavefront disturbance in order to respectively drive a plurality of deformable mirrors included in the driving optical system. An adaptive optical system is provided which can optically compensate a wavefront disturbance derived from an atmospheric fluctuation even in a case of radiating laser light to a target moving at a high speed.

Abstract: An optical correction is predictively performed based on a result of AI learning previously performed by use of learning data including measurement data. The optical compensation system is provided with wavefront correction optics, a sensor and a controller. The wavefront correction optics corrects a wavefront of light that passes through a given optical path. The sensor obtains environmental information in the optical path. The controller calculates, based on the environmental information, a predicted wavefront disturbance of the light that has passed through the optical path and controls the wavefront correction optics so as to cancel the predicted wavefront disturbance.

Abstract: An optical system that obtains characteristics of a transmission path in atmosphere, when laser light propagates through this transmission path, at a place separated from this transmission path and before the propagation, and corrects wavefront of the laser light based on the obtained characteristics, is provided. The optical system is provided with an irradiation device and an atmospheric characteristics obtaining system. The irradiation device irradiates an external target with light via a first optical path. The atmospheric characteristics obtaining system is arranged in a second optical path separated from the first optical path and obtains characteristics of atmospheric environment in the first optical path with respect to the irradiated light. The irradiation device is provided with wavefront correction optics. The wavefront correction optics correct wavefront of the irradiated light based on the obtained characteristics.

Abstract: A laser irradiation apparatus is provided with a controller that calculates at least one predicted movement position into which a target is predicted to move at a specific time in future, a transmission laser source that generates a transmission laser, irradiation optics configured to emit the transmission laser to the target and emit search laser to the predicted movement position and wavefront correction optics. The wavefront correction optics are configured to correct a wavefront of the transmission laser at the specific time based on observation light that returns when the search laser is emitted to the predicted movement position.

Abstract: A laser beam irradiation apparatus including: a plurality of laser light sources emitting first laser beams; and a light-condensing optics system having an incident face on which the first laser beams are made incident and performing an optical operation on the first laser beams to emit second laser beams. The plurality of laser light sources are configured to emit the first laser beams so that beam diameters are expanded towards the incident face. Each first laser beam overlaps at least one of the other laser beams on the incident face. The light-condensing optics system is configured so that beam diameters of second laser beams emitted from the light-condensing optics system are minimal on a target face, and a distance between a center of each second laser beam and the optical axis on the target face is smaller than a beam radius of each second laser beam on the target face.

Abstract: Observing a disturbance of a wavefront of reference light received from a target and generating a wavefront in a conjugate relationship with the wavefront by use of a driving optical system. Generating a plurality of control signals on a basis of a plurality of Zernike coefficients calculated as a Zernike polynomial which approximates the wavefront disturbance in order to respectively drive a plurality of deformable mirrors included in the driving optical system. Providing an adaptive optical system which can optically compensate a wavefront disturbance derived from an atmospheric fluctuation even in a case of radiating laser light to a target moving at a high speed.

Abstract: A processing unit includes a control processor and a plurality of element processors having register files. At least two of the element processors pre-receive different parameters, store the parameter data in the register files, receive the same memory address and the same instruction broadcast by the control processor, read the same data from the external memory via a memory port based on the memory address, and perform at least one of logic computation and arithmetic computation for the same data in accordance with the same instruction and based on the different parameters.

Abstract: The light of a broad energy band can be observed by reflecting the light of the broad energy band, for example, the light from the visible light region to the x-ray region at a high reflectance respectively, by a composite telescope including a normal incidence optical system and an oblique incidence optical system. A broadband telescope comprise an oblique incidence optical system unit in which the light is obliquely incident on a surface part for reflecting the incident light, a normal incidence optical system unit in which the light is substantially vertically incident on a surface part for reflecting the incident light, and an analyzer for spectrum analysis of the light reflected by the surface part of the obliquely incidence optical system unit and the light reflected by the surface part of the normal incidence optical system unit.

Abstract: A processing unit includes a control processor and a plurality of element processors having register files. At least two of the element processors pre-receive different parameters, store the parameter data in the register files, receive the same memory address and the same instruction broadcast by the control processor, read the same data from the external memory via a memory port based on the memory address, and perform at least one of logic computation and arithmetic computation for the same data in accordance with the same instruction and based on the different parameters.

Abstract: In order to achieve highly dispersive spectrometry in wide wavelength with the use of a single grism, but not a plurality of grisms, the grism is composed of a prism the vertex angle of which can be varied and a volume phase holographic (VPH) grating. More specifically, the grism comprises a prism the vertex angle of which can be varied; and a VPH grating being a diffraction grating and disposed substantially orthogonal with respect to a side including the vertex angle of the prism; the VPH grating being rotated around an axis being substantially orthogonal to the side of the prism, whereby a slope angle defined by the VPH grating and a predetermined plane is varied.

Abstract: The light of a broad energy band can be observed by reflecting the light of the broad energy band, for example, the light from the visible light region to the x-ray region at a high reflectance respectively, by a composite telescope including a normal incidence optical system and an oblique incidence optical system. A broadband telescope comprise an oblique incidence optical system unit in which the light is obliquely incident on a surface part for reflecting the incident light, a normal incidence optical system unit in which the light is substantially vertically incident on a surface part for reflecting the incident light, and an analyzer for spectrum analysis of the light reflected by the surface part of the obliquely incidence optical system unit and the light reflected by the surface part of the normal incidence optical system unit.

Abstract: In order to achieve highly dispersive spectrometry in wide wavelength with the use of a single grism, but not a plurality of grisms, the grism is composed of a prism the vertex angle of which can be varied and a volume phase holographic (VPH) grating. More specifically, the grism comprises a prism the vertex angle of which can be varied; and a VPH grating being a diffraction grating and disposed substantially orthogonal with respect to a side including the vertex angle of the prism; the VPH grating being rotated around an axis being substantially orthogonal to the side of the prism, whereby a slope angle defined by the VPH grating and a predetermined plane is varied.

Abstract: In order to provide a grism wherein even if the vertex angle of a prism increases, it does not exceed its critical angle, besides, which can elevate its efficiency, and mass-production of which is possible, whereby reduction in cost of which can be realized. The grism comprises a first prism having a high refractive index, a second prism having a high refractive index, and a volume phase grating used for a diffraction grating; and the vertex angle of the first prism being opposed to the vertex angle of the second prism so as to sandwich the volume phase grating between the first prism and the second prism.

Abstract: The present invention makes possible the easy production of a control two-dimensional electrophoresis pattern, a target for comparison, under various conditions, and perform quick and accurate analysis.

Abstract: In order to make possible to observe light rays in a wide energy band by reflecting the respective light rays therein, for example those in a region extending from soft X-ray to visible light at high reflection factors, a wide band normal incident telescope comprises a reflecting mirror involving a surface part wherein different types of multilayer films have been formed, respectively, in every regions of predetermined shapes, and reflecting light rays, which were input, by the surface part; and a detector to which the light rays reflected by the surface part are input, and which detects spectrally the light rays thus input.

Abstract: An individual information management system to manage individual data comprises a data carrier which is attached to said individual, and which stores data relating to said individual, and