Abstract: A flat light source used as back-lighting for a liquid crystal display device includes an optically conductive plate (1) having a light reflecting layer (2), and a light source (3). A light-diffusing sheet (8) is provided outside the optically conductive plate (1) opposite to the light reflecting layer (2). A lens sheet (4) is provided outside the light-diffusing sheet (8), with a transmission type of display element (6) provided on the outer side of the lens sheet (4). The light-diffusing sheet (8) is formed of a transparent material free from light-diffusing agent particles and has minute irregularities (41) formed at random on the front surface thereof. The irregularities are of a surface roughness that is at least the wavelength of the light from the light source, but is no more than 100 .mu.m.

Abstract: In a reflector for a display to be placed on the back surface of a reflection-type display, the section of the reflector is made serrated so that the shape of the serration will be an isosceles or scalene triangle, and, at the same time, the serrated reflecting surface is finely roughened. The roughness of the finely roughened reflecting surface is so controlled that the center line average height Ra will be 1 micrometer or more and 6 micrometers or less and that the ten-point average height Rz will be 1 micrometer or more and 10 micrometers or less. By this, images displayed on a display into which the reflector is incorporated can be observed without being obstructed by surface-reflected light, and also brightly observed in a wide angle.

Abstract: For producing an abrasive tape (11) including a film substrate (2) and a polishing abrasive layer (10) laminated on one surface of the film substrate (2) and having on the outer surface thereof a plurality of recessed parts (9), the film substrate (2) is wrapped partially around the outer peripheral surface of a roll formplate (1) having on the surface thereof a plurality of concavities (5), and, as the roll formplate (1) is rotated, the film substrate (2) is fed thereto. On one hand, an ionizing radiation curing type resin (3) is supplied into the interface between the roll formplate (1) and the film substrate (2) therearound to be formed by the concavities (5), and the recessed parts (9) are formed on the resin surface. During this forming, radiation rays (R) are projected from an ionizing radiation ray source (8) toward the resin (3) thereby to cure the resin (3) and, at the same time, to render the resin (3) and the film substrate (2) into an integral structure.

Abstract: For producing an abrasive tape (11) including a film substrate (2) and a polishing abrasive layer (10) laminated on one surface of the film substrate (2) and having on the outer surface thereof a plurality of recessed parts (9), the film substrate (2) is wrapped partially around the outer peripheral surface of a roll formplate (1) having on the surface thereof a plurality of concavities (5), and, as the roll formplate (1) is rotated, the film substrate (2) is fed thereto. On one hand, an ionizing radiation curing type resin (3) is supplied into the interface between the roll formplate (1) and the film substrate (2) therearound to be formed by the concavities (5), and the recessed parts (9) are formed on the resin surface. During this forming, radiation rays (R) are projected from an ionizing radiation ray source (8) toward the resin (3) thereby to cure the resin (3) and, at the same time, to render the resin (3) and the film substrate (2) into an integral structure.

Abstract: A lens array sheet according to the present invention, comprising a transparent substrate, a lens array having lens elements that are one-dimensionally or two-dimensionally formed on the front surface of the transparent substrate, and a cluster having a large number of cluster members randomly formed in a prism shape on the rear surface of the transparent substrate, each of the length, the width, and the height of each of the cluster members being in the range from the wave length of source light to 500 .mu.m. Thus, a lens array sheet that effectively uses light energy of the light source, maintains the light condensing effect, prevents the luminance from deteriorating, homogeneously distributes the luminance on the light emitting surface, prevents equal-thickness interference fringes and wasteful light dispersion to out of the angular range of visual angle can be provided. In addition, a surface light source having the lens array sheet is provided.

Abstract: A lens array sheet according to the present invention, comprising a transparent substrate, a lens array having lens elements that are one-dimensionally or two-dimensionally formed on the front surface of the transparent substrate, and a cluster having a large number of cluster members randomly formed in a prism shape on the rear surface of the transparent substrate, each of the length, the width, and the height of each of the cluster members being in the range from the wave length of source light to 500 .mu.m. Thus, a lens array sheet that effectively uses light energy of the light source, maintains the light condensing effect, prevents the luminance from deteriorating, homogeneously distributes the luminance on the light emitting surface, prevents equal-thickness interference fringes and wasteful light dispersion to out of the angular range of visual angle can be provided. In addition, a surface light source having the lens array sheet is provided.

Abstract: An ionizing radiation-curable resin composition which provides a cured product having no yield point in the stress-strain diagram in tension is disclosed. An optical article prepared from the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition and a surface light source using the optical article are also disclosed. The present invention provides an excellent ionizing radiation-curable resin composition, an excellent optical article comprising a cured product of the resin composition, and an excellent surface light source using the optical article, which have high surface hardness and a high refractive index and are free from deformation, permanent sets, and reduction in weather resistance after curing.

Abstract: For producing an abrasive tape (11) including a film substrate (2) and a polishing abrasive layer (10) laminated on one surface of the film substrate (2) and having on the outer surface thereof a plurality of recessed parts (9), the film substrate (2) is wrapped partially around the outer peripheral surface of a roll formplate (1) having on the surface thereof a plurality of concavities (5), and, as the roll formplate (1) is rotated, the film substrate (2) is fed thereto. On one hand, an ionizing radiation curing type resin (3) is supplied into the interface between the roll formplate (1) and the film substrate (2) therearound to be formed by the said concavities (5), and the recessed parts (9) are formed on the resin surface. During this forming, radiation rays (R) are projected from an ionizing radiation ray source (8) toward the resin (3) thereby to cure the resin (3) and, at the same time, to render the resin (3) and the film substrate (2) into an integral structure.

Abstract: A film lens comprises a light transmitting base having one side and an opposite side, a plurality of concave or convex unit lenses formed on the one side of the light transmitting base, and a plurality of projections formed on the opposite side of the light transmitting base and having a profile height not smaller than the wavelength of a source light and not greater than 100 .mu.m. In this arrangement, when the film lens is placed on a smooth surface of a light guide plate of a surface light source of the edge-light type, the projections on the reverse side of the light transmitting base can secure a gap with a width not smaller than the wavelength of the source light between the film lens and the light guide plate. Thus, the source light can be uniformly distributed without hindrance throughout the light guide plate as it is totally reflected by the surface of the guide plate.

Abstract: A lenticular lens has a light transmitting substrate and a plurality of lens elements formed on the light transmitting substrate. The lens elements are defined in such a way that ridges thereof are aligned in parallel with each other, wherein 30.degree..ltoreq..theta..sub.10% .ltoreq.100.degree. and R.ltoreq.20%, where .theta..sub.10% is a diffusing angle range with respect to normal of the one surface in the case that when light is entered from the opposite surface and transmitted from the one surface, the intensity of the light transmitted is equal to or more than 10% of the intensity of the light transmitted in a peak direction of a main lobe; and R is the ratio of side lobes to main lobe. The intensity of side lobes which causes light loss and light stray can be remarkably reduced. Light can be equally and isotropically focused on in a predetermined diffusing angle range.