Abstract: An eye detecting device is configured to: acquire a color image including a face of a person taken by an image taking device; generate a grayscale image by multiplying each of a red component value, a green component value, and a blue component value of each pixel of the color image by a predetermined ratio according to characteristics of a lens of glasses that the person wears; detect an eye of the person from the grayscale image; and output eye information on the eye of the person.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having a large on-state current and high reliability is provided. The semiconductor device includes a first insulator, a first oxide over the first insulator, a second oxide over the first oxide, a third oxide and a fourth oxide over the second oxide, a first conductor over the third oxide, a second conductor over the fourth oxide, a fifth oxide over the second oxide, a second insulator over the fifth oxide, and a third conductor over the second insulator. The fifth oxide is in contact with a top surface of the second oxide, a side surface of the first conductor, a side surface of the second conductor, a side surface of the third oxide, and a side surface of the fourth oxide. The second oxide contains In, an element M, and Zn. The first oxide and the fifth oxide each contain at least one of constituent elements included in the second oxide. The third oxide and the fourth oxide each contain the element M.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having high reliability is provided. The semiconductor device includes a transistor and an insulator placed so as to surround the transistor; the insulator has a barrier property against hydrogen; the transistor includes an oxide and a conductor; the conductor includes nitrogen and a metal; the conductor has a physical property of extracting hydrogen; the conductor includes a region having a hydrogen concentration higher than or equal to 2.0×1019 atoms/cm3 and lower than or equal to 1.0×1021 atoms/cm3; and at least part of hydrogen atoms included in the region is bonded to a nitrogen atom.

Abstract: A novel sputtering target is provided. The sputtering target includes a first region and a second region. The first region contains a first metal oxide containing an element M1 (the element M1 is one or more elements selected from Al, Ga, Si, Mg, Zr, and B). The second region contains a second metal oxide containing indium and zinc. The first region and the second region are separated from each other. Each of the first region and the second region is a crystal grain. A crystal grain boundary is observed between the first region and the second region. The diameter of each of the first region and the second region is greater than or equal to 5 nm and less than or equal to 10 ?m.

Abstract: A semiconductor device in which variation in electrical characteristics is small is provided. A first insulator is deposited, a metal oxide is device over the first insulator, a second insulator is device over the metal oxide, an oxide film is device over the second insulator, and heat treatment is performed, whereby hydrogen in the first insulator, the second insulator, and the oxide is transferred and absorbed into the metal oxide. The metal oxide is formed by an ALD method.

Abstract: A ferroelectric device having favorable ferroelectricity is provided. The ferroelectric device includes a first conductor over a first insulator, a ferroelectric layer over the first conductor, a second conductor over the ferroelectric layer, a second insulator over the second conductor, and a third insulator surrounding the first conductor, the ferroelectric layer, the second conductor, and the second insulator. The second insulator has a function of capturing or fixing hydrogen, and the third insulator has a function of inhibiting hydrogen diffusion.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having a large on-state current and high reliability is provided. The semiconductor device includes a first insulator, a first oxide over the first insulator, a second oxide over the first oxide, a third oxide and a fourth oxide over the second oxide, a first conductor over the third oxide, a second conductor over the fourth oxide, a fifth oxide over the second oxide, a second insulator over the fifth oxide, and a third conductor over the second insulator. The fifth oxide is in contact with a top surface of the second oxide, a side surface of the first conductor, a side surface of the second conductor, a side surface of the third oxide, and a side surface of the fourth oxide. The second oxide contains In, an element M, and Zn. The first oxide and the fifth oxide each contain at least one of constituent elements included in the second oxide. The third oxide and the fourth oxide each contain the element M.

Abstract: The breakage or cracking of a positive electrode active material due to pressure application, repeated charging and discharging, or the like is likely to cause dissolution of a transition metal, an excessive side reaction, and the like. With a crack, unevenness, a step, roughness, or the like on the surface of a positive electrode active material, stress tends to be concentrated on part, which easily causes breakage. By contrast, with a smooth surface and a nearly spherical shape, stress concentration is alleviated; thus, breakage is unlikely to occur. Therefore, a positive electrode active material with a smooth surface and little unevenness is formed. For example, when the positive electrode active material is subjected to image analysis using a microscope image, the median value of the solidity is larger than or equal to 0.96. Alternatively, the median value of the fractal dimension of the positive electrode active material is smaller than or equal to 1.143.

Abstract: Secondary batteries using lithium cobalt oxide as positive electrode active materials have a problem of a decrease in battery capacity due to repeated charging/discharging, for example. A positive electrode active material particle which hardly deteriorates is provided. In a first step, a container in which a lithium oxide and a fluoride are set is placed in a heating furnace, and in a second step, the inside of the heating furnace is heated in an atmosphere containing oxygen. The heating temperature of the second step is from 750° C. to 950° C., inclusive. By the manufacturing method, fluorine can be contained in the positive electrode active material particle to increase the wettability of the surface of the positive electrode active material so that the surface of the positive electrode active material is homogenized and planarized. The crystal structure of the thus manufactured positive electrode active material is unlikely to be broken in repeated high-voltage charging/discharging.

Abstract: A device for detecting opening and closing of an eye acquires a first image taken by an image taking device, including a face of a person; generates a second image including an eye region of the person from the first image; generates a third image in which pixels having a gradation value smaller than a threshold are represented at a first luminance value and pixels having a gradation value not smaller than the threshold are represented at a second luminance value, by binarizing the second image; determines whether the eye of the person is opened or closed, on the basis of a height of the third image and a maximum height which is the maximum of a vertical distance between an upper pixel and a lower pixel in a first luminance region having the first luminance value; and outputs information indicative of a result of the determination.

Abstract: An iris detection method includes acquiring a first image; generating a second image including an eye section of the person from the first image; generating a third image where pixels having a gradation value smaller than a threshold value are represented by a first luminance value and pixels having a gradation value equal to or greater than the threshold value are represented by a second luminance value after binarizing the second image; generating a fourth image by replacing the pixel of the second luminance value come into existence in a first luminance area having the first luminance value and satisfying a predetermined condition with the pixel of the first luminance value in the third image; calculating iris information including information about at least one of a position and a size of the iris of the person by use of the fourth image; and outputting the iris information.

Abstract: A viewing distance estimation method includes: acquiring a first image captured by an image capturing device and including a face of a person who watches a target; detecting a size of an iris of the person from the first image; calculating a first value indicating a pixel number for the detected size of the iris; acquiring a resolution of the first image; calculating, based on the first value and a second value indicating a predetermined inherent dimension for the size of the iris, a third value indicating an actual dimension of one pixel; estimating a viewing distance corresponding to the acquired resolution and the calculated third value, based on relational information representing a relation among the resolution, the third value, and the viewing distance; and outputting estimative information including the estimated viewing distance.

Abstract: The eye detecting device acquires a color image including a face of a person taken by an image taking device; generates a grayscale image by multiplying each of a red component value, a green component value, and a blue component value of each pixel of the color image by a predetermined ratio according to characteristics of a lens of glasses that the person wears; detects an eye of the person from the grayscale image; and outputs eye information on the detected eye.

Abstract: A judgement method includes: selecting two or more living body judgement processes among a plurality of living body judgement processes; determining an order of executing the two or more selected living body judgement processes; executing the two or more selected living body judgement processes in the determined order; executing, in each of the two or more selected living body judgement processes: a processing of showing a subject an action required; a processing of acquiring a facial image containing a face of the subject when acting in accordance with the shown action; and a processing of judging whether the subject is of living body based on a feature of a section of the face contained in the facial image; and judging that the subject is of living body when judgement results obtained from the two or more selected living body judgement processes satisfy a predetermined condition.

Abstract: An information processing method includes: for each of one or more users, acquiring image data including an eye of each of the users; detecting eye gaze information indicating an eye gaze of each of the users based on information indicating the eye of each of the users included in the image data; performing personal authentication on each of the users based on information indicating the eye of each of the users included in the image data; acquiring personal information for identifying each of the users for which the personal authentication has been performed; generating management information in which the personal information of the one or more users and the eye gaze information of the one or more users are associated with each other; and outputting the management information.

Abstract: An image processing method includes: detecting a position of a facial feature point of a person from the image data; detecting a center position of a pupil of an eye of the person from the image data; detecting a horizontal component and a vertical component of an orientation of the face based on the position of the feature point; estimating a horizontal component of an eye gaze direction of the person with respect to an optical axis of the imaging device based on the horizontal component of the orientation of the face and a distance between the center position of the pupil and the position of the feature point; estimating a vertical component of the eye gaze direction based on at least the vertical component of the orientation of the face; and outputting eye gaze information including the horizontal component and the vertical component of the eye gaze direction.

Abstract: An eye gaze detection method includes: acquiring image data of a face of a person; detecting, from the image data, a left eye region including a left eye of the person and a right eye region including a right eye of the person; detecting, from the image data of the face, at least one of an ear region including an ear of the person and a hair region including hair of the person, when only one eye region of the right eye region or the left eye region is detected; detecting information indicating an orientation of the face based on information indicating a position of one eye included in the one eye region and information indicating the at least one; and detecting information indicating an eye gaze of the person based on the information indicating the position of the one eye and the information indicating the orientation of the face.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having a large on-state current and high reliability is provided. The semiconductor device includes a first insulator, a first oxide over the first insulator, a second oxide over the first oxide, a third oxide and a fourth oxide over the second oxide, a first conductor over the third oxide, a second conductor over the fourth oxide, a fifth oxide over the second oxide, a second insulator over the fifth oxide, and a third conductor over the second insulator. The fifth oxide is in contact with a top surface of the second oxide, a side surface of the first conductor, a side surface of the second conductor, a side surface of the third oxide, and a side surface of the fourth oxide. The second oxide contains In, an element M, and Zn. The first oxide and the fifth oxide each contain at least one of constituent elements included in the second oxide. The third oxide and the fourth oxide each contain the element M.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a secondary battery and an electronic device. The secondary battery includes a positive electrode active material which exhibits a broad peak at around 4.55 V in a dQ/dVvsV curve obtained when the charge depth is increased. The secondary battery includes a positive electrode active material which, even when the charge voltage is greater than or equal to 4.6 V and less than or equal to 4.8 V and the charge depth is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than 0.9, does not have the H1-3 type structure and can maintain a crystal structure where a shift in CoO2 layers is inhibited. The broad peak at around 4.55 V in the dQ/dVvsV curve indicates that a change in the energy necessary for extraction of lithium at around the voltage is small and a change in the crystal structure is small. Accordingly, the positive electrode active material hardly suffers a shift in CoO2 layers and a volume change and is relatively stable even when the charge depth is large.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having favorable electrical characteristics is provided. The semiconductor device includes an oxide semiconductor, a first insulator in contact with the oxide semiconductor, and a second insulator in contact with the first insulator. The first insulator includes excess oxygen. The second insulator has a function of trapping or fixing hydrogen. Hydrogen in the oxide semiconductor is bonded to the excess oxygen. The hydrogen bonded to the excess oxygen passes through the first insulator and is trapped or fixed in the second insulator. The excess oxygen bonded to the hydrogen remains in the first insulator as the excess oxygen.