Abstract: An Au—Sn—Ag-based solder alloy for high temperature use containing Sn, Ag, Au and elements that are inevitably contained owing to manufacture procedure, wherein the Au—Sn—Ag-based solder alloy has a composition adjusted so that a solidus temperature is within a range of 280 to 400° C. with a gap between the solidus temperature and the liquidus temperature being within 40° C. The Au—Ag—Sn-based solder alloy has low cost, and is excellent in solderability, reflow wettability and reliability. The excellent reflow wettability of the Au—Ag—Sn-based solder alloy allows it to be useful in reflow bonding of crystal quartz devices, SAW filters and MEMS.

Abstract: An Au—Sn—Ag-based solder alloy for high temperature use containing Sn, Ag, Au and elements that are inevitably contained owing to manufacture procedure, wherein the Au—Sn—Ag-based solder alloy has a composition adjusted so that a solidus temperature is within a range of 280 to 400° C. with a gap between the solidus temperature and the liquidus temperature being within 40° C. The Au—Ag—Sn-based solder alloy has low cost, and is excellent in solderability, reflow wettability and reliability. The excellent reflow wettability of the Au—Ag—Sn-based solder alloy allows it to be useful in reflow bonding of crystal quartz devices, SAW filters and MEMS.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a solder alloy and an electronic device using the solder alloy to join electronic components. The solder alloy has virtually no limitation in its alloy composition, is excellent in wettability and joinability necessary for electronic device assembly, and thus ensures high joint reliability. The solder alloy has an oxide layer thickness of 120 nm or less and a surface roughness (Ra) of 0.60 ?m or less. The alloy composition of the solder alloy is not particularly limited, but any one of Bi, Pb, Sn, Au, In, and Zn is preferably contained as a main component.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an etching solution composition for etching a metal oxide containing In and a metal oxide containing Zn and In used as a transparent electrode or an oxide semiconductor of an electronic device such as a semiconductor element or a flat panel display (FPD), the etching solution composition being controllable to give a practical etching rate, having high dissolving power toward Zn, and enabling a long solution life due to suppressed variation of the formulation during use. The object is solved by an etching solution composition that enables microfabrication to be carried out for a metal oxide containing In and a metal oxide containing Zn and In used as a transparent electrode or an oxide semiconductor of an electronic device such as a semiconductor element or an FPD, the composition containing water and at least one type of acid, excluding hydrohalic acids, perhalic acids, etc., having an acid dissociation constant pKan at 25° C.

Abstract: A spark plug includes a center electrode having an end portion, and an earth electrode having an opposing portion opposed to the end portion via a gap. The end portion has an end-projecting portion. The opposing portion has an opposing-projecting portion opposed to the end-projecting portion. The end-projecting portion and the opposing-projecting portion have non-projection direction opposing surfaces which are parallel to and opposed to each other with a minimum distance and in a direction other than a projection direction. A first opposing area of a portion which includes the non-projection direction opposing surfaces and where the end-projecting portion and the opposing-projecting portion are opposed to each other with the minimum distance is larger than a second opposing area obtained when a plane of the end-projecting portion and a plane of the opposing-projecting portion, which are orthogonal to the projection direction, are opposed to each other in the projection direction.

Abstract: A spark plug has a cylindrical housing case, a cylindrical glass insulator, a center electrode, and an earth electrode fixed to the cylindrical housing case. The earth electrode has a projected part which is projected toward the center electrode. The projected part has a facing surface which faces the center electrode and is most close to the center electrode in a spark discharge gap. This gap is formed between the center electrode and the earth electrode. The facing surface is covered with a plating layer. A base material, with which the earth electrode is made, is exposed on a side surface of the projected part around the facing surface of the projected part. The base material of the earth electrode is made of Ni alloy containing not less than 90 wt % Ni, and preferably, Ni within a range of 90 wt % to 98 wt %.

Abstract: A spark plug includes a center electrode having an end portion, and an earth electrode having an opposing portion opposed to the end portion via a gap. The end portion has an end-projecting portion. The opposing portion has an opposing-projecting portion opposed to the end-projecting portion. The end-projecting portion and the opposing-projecting portion have non-projection direction opposing surfaces which are parallel to and opposed to each other with a minimum distance and in a direction other than a projection direction. A first opposing area of a portion which includes the non-projection direction opposing surfaces and where the end-projecting portion and the opposing-projecting portion are opposed to each other with the minimum distance is larger than a second opposing area obtained when a plane of the end-projecting portion and a plane of the opposing-projecting portion, which are orthogonal to the projection direction, are opposed to each other in the projection direction.

Abstract: A spark plug has a cylindrical housing case, a cylindrical glass insulator, a center electrode, and an earth electrode fixed to the cylindrical housing case. The earth electrode has a projected part which is projected toward the center electrode. The projected part has a facing surface which faces the center electrode and is most close to the center electrode in a spark discharge gap. This gap is formed between the center electrode and the earth electrode. The facing surface is covered with a plating layer. A base material, with which the earth electrode is made, is exposed on a side surface of the projected part around the facing surface of the projected part. The base material of the earth electrode is made of Ni alloy containing not less than 90 wt % Ni, and preferably, Ni within a range of 90 wt % to 98 wt %.

Abstract: Intermediates useful for the synthesis of pyrazole-fused ring derivatives, such as 7-phenylpyrazolo [1,5-a]pyridine derivatives, and method for producing the same. Method for producing compound represented by the general formula (II), wherein Z1 and Z2 each independently represents a methine group or a nitrogen atom; Rl represents an ethyl group or the like; R5 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; R2 and R3 each independently represents a C1-6 alkyl group or the like, salts thereof, or solvates of both, comprising the step of: reacting a compound represented by the general formula (I), wherein Z1, Z2, R5, R1, R2 and R3 each has the same definition as described above, with an organometallic reagent; and then reacting the resulting product with pentafluoroiodobenzene.

Abstract: A crystal of 1-[1-[2-(7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxochroman-8-yl)-ethyl]piperidin-4-yl]-N-methyl-1H-indole-6-carboxamide fumarate which has peaks at chemical shifts of about 124.0 ppm and about 26.8 ppm in a 13C solid NMR spectrum.

Abstract: A removing solution for removing tungsten metal which causes a film formation on a semiconductor substrate or adheres to it, wherein orthoperiodic acid and water are contained.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to find out intermediates usful for the synthesis of pyrazol-fused ring derivatives (such as 7-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives) and a method for producing the same. A method for producing compound represented by the general formula (II), wherein Z1 and Z2 each independently represents a methine group or a nitrogen atom; R1 represents an ethyl group or the like; R5 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; R2 and R3 each independently represents a C1-6 alkyl group or the like, salts thereof, or solvates of both, comprising the step of: reacting a compound represented by the general formula (I), wherein Z1, Z2, R5, R1, R2 and R3 each has the same definition as described above, with an organometallic reagent; and then reacting the resulting product with pentafluoroiodobenzene.

Abstract: A removing solution for removing tungsten metal which causes a film formation on a semiconductor substrate or adheres to it, wherein orthoperiodic acid and water are contained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a preventive or therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications, which is a new type based on an adenosine A2 receptor antagonist action. That is, it provides a novel condensed imidazole compound which has an adenosine A2 receptor antagonist action, is effective for preventing or treating diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications, and is represented by the formula (I); (wherein R1 represents e.g. an amino group which may be substituted with an alkyl group; R2 represents e.g. hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an alkyl group, alkenyl group or alkynyl group which may be substituted with hydrox etc.; R3 represents e.g. an optionally substituted alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, pyridinone group, pyrimidinone group or piperadinone group; Ar represents e.g.

Abstract: In producing a spark plug including a central electrode having a first chip including noble metal and an earth electrode having a second chip including the noble metal, a spark gap being disposed between the first and second chips, a chip including the noble metal. The chip is welded to an end of the central electrode and to an end of the earth electrode. The welded chip is cut to form the first and second chips and the spark gap.

Abstract: An active-matrix LCD device drives the LCD panel by using a dot reversible driving technique. The switching between two sets of input signals or two resolution modes is conducted by applying a DC voltage between the pixel electrode and the common electrode in each pixel before restart of the image display of a switched signal. The DC voltage has the same polarity among the pixels in the pixel array to thereby reduce the flicker after the restart of the image display.

Abstract: In producing a spark plug including a central electrode having a first chip including noble metal and an earth electrode having a second chip including the noble metal, a spark gap being disposed between the first and second chips, a chip including the noble metal. The chip is welded to an end of the central electrode and to an end of the earth electrode. The welded chip is cut to form the first and second chips and the spark gap.

Abstract: A biphenyl derivative represented by the following formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are defined in the specification, is clinically useful for treating and ameliorating mental disorders such as cerebrovascular disorder, aggressive behavior due to senile dementia, mental excitation, poriomania, delirium, hallucination, hyperkinesia, schizophrenia, emotional disturbance, depression, neurosis, psychophysiologic disorder and anxiety neurosis. The compounds exhibit dopamine 2 receptor antagonism and/or serotonin 2 receptor antagonism.

Abstract: A spark plug has an insulator having a through hole extending in an axial direction thereof and an insulator leg portion at an end thereof, a resistor disposed in the through hole, a central electrode disposed in the through hole to face a central electrode side end face of the resistor and protruding from an insulator end face of the insulator leg portion, and a housing holding the insulator. A length between the insulator end face and the central electrode side end face of the resistor is equal to or larger than 1.5 times as large as a length of the insulator leg portion in the axial direction. Accordingly, temperature at a contact portion between the resistor and the central electrode is prevented from being increased, resulting in long life of the spark plug.

Abstract: A biphenyl derivative represented by the following formula (I) or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 are defined in the specification, is clinically useful for treating and ameliorating mental disorders such as cerebrovascular disorder, aggressive behavior due to senile dementia, mental excitation, poriomania, delirium, hallucination, hyperkinesia, schizophrenia, emotional disturbance, depression, neurosis, psychophysiologic disorder and anxiety neurosis. The compounds exhibit dopamine 2 receptor antagonism and/or serotonin 2 receptor antagonism.