Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method for producing hydrogen fluoride which can suppress the occurrence of the pasty state over the whole process of producing hydrogen fluoride, reduce the problem of corrosion caused by sulfuric acid, and improve energy efficiency of the process. A method for producing hydrogen fluoride by reacting calcium fluoride and sulfuric acid comprises: (a) mixing and reacting calcium fluoride and sulfuric acid such that a mixture comprising calcium fluoride particles and sulfuric acid substantially maintains a form of particulate to obtain hydrogen fluoride while supplying sulfuric acid to the calcium fluoride particles at a flow rate of 0.002 to 1 mol/min relative to 1 mol of calcium fluoride to such an amount that a molar ratio of sulfuric acid/calcium fluoride is 0.9 to 1.1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method for producing hydrogen fluoride which can suppress the occurrence of the pasty state over the whole process of producing hydrogen fluoride, reduce the problem of corrosion caused by sulfuric acid, and improve energy efficiency of the process. A method for producing hydrogen fluoride by reacting calcium fluoride and sulfuric acid comprises: (a) mixing and reacting calcium fluoride and sulfuric acid such that a mixture comprising calcium fluoride particles and sulfuric acid substantially maintains a form of particulate to obtain hydrogen fluoride while supplying sulfuric acid to the calcium fluoride particles at a flow rate of 0.002 to 1 mol/min relative to 1 mol of calcium fluoride to such an amount that a molar ratio of sulfuric acid/calcium fluoride is 0.9 to 1.1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method for producing hydrogen fluoride which can suppress the occurrence of the pasty state over the whole process of producing hydrogen fluoride, reduce the problem of corrosion caused by sulfuric acid, and improve energy efficiency of the process. A method for producing hydrogen fluoride by reacting calcium fluoride and sulfuric acid comprises: (a) mixing and reacting calcium fluoride and sulfuric acid such that a mixture comprising calcium fluoride particles and sulfuric acid substantially maintains a form of particulate to obtain hydrogen fluoride while supplying sulfuric acid to the calcium fluoride particles at a flow rate of 0.002 to 1 mol/min relative to 1 mol of calcium fluoride to such an amount that a molar ratio of sulfuric acid/calcium fluoride is 0.9 to 1.1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method for producing hydrogen fluoride which can suppress the occurrence of the pasty state over the whole process of producing hydrogen fluoride, reduce the problem of corrosion caused by sulfuric acid, and improve energy efficiency of the process. A method for producing hydrogen fluoride by reacting calcium fluoride and sulfuric acid comprises: (a) mixing and reacting calcium fluoride and sulfuric acid such that a mixture comprising calcium fluoride particles and sulfuric acid substantially maintains a form of particulate to obtain hydrogen fluoride while supplying sulfuric acid to the calcium fluoride particles at a flow rate of 0.002 to 1 mol/min relative to 1 mol of calcium fluoride to such an amount that a molar ratio of sulfuric acid/calcium fluoride is 0.9 to 1.1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method for producing hydrogen fluoride, which is capable of using various calcium fluoride sources and preventing a second pasty state from occurring, effectively. In a method for producing hydrogen fluoride by reacting calcium fluoride with sulfuric acid, following steps are conducted: (a) a step for mixing and reacting calcium fluoride particles having an average particle diameter of 1-40 ?m with sulfuric acid at a sulfuric acid/calcium fluoride molar ratio of 0.9-1.1 under a temperature of 0-70° C. to obtain a solid-state reaction mixture; and (b) a step for heating the solid-state reaction mixture to a temperature of 100-200° C. to react with itself, and thereby producing hydrogen fluoride in a gas phase.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method for producing hydrogen fluoride, which is capable of using various calcium fluoride sources and preventing a second pasty state from occurring, effectively. In a method for producing hydrogen fluoride by reacting calcium fluoride with sulfuric acid, following steps are conducted: (a) a step for mixing and reacting calcium fluoride particles having an average particle diameter of 1-40 ?m with sulfuric acid at a sulfuric acid/calcium fluoride molar ratio of 0.9-1.1 under a temperature of 0-70° C. to obtain a solid-state reaction mixture; and (b) a step for heating the solid-state reaction mixture to a temperature of 100-200° C. to react with itself, and thereby producing hydrogen fluoride in a gas phase.

Abstract: In a process for producing 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane which has a liquid-phase reaction step for fluorination of 1,1,1,3,3-pentahalopropane (wherein at least one of halogen atoms is not fluorine) with HF in the presence of antimony pentahalide catalyst in a reactor to obtain a reaction mixture comprising 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and the antimony pentahalide catalyst, the fluorination is conducted at a reaction temperature less than 50° C.

Abstract: In a process for producing 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane which has a liquid-phase reaction step for fluorination of 1,1,1,3,3-pentahalopropane (wherein at least one of halogen atoms is not fluorine) with HF in the presence of antimony pentahalide catalyst in a reactor to obtain a reaction mixture comprising 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane and the antimony pentahalide catalyst, the fluorination is conducted at a reaction temperature less than 50° C.

Abstract: A process for producing 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane by fluorinating with hydrogen fluoride at least one of 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane and 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as a starting material, the process being characterized by separating the reaction mixture resulting from the fluorination into a product portion A mainly containing 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane and a product portion B mainly containing 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane, 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and hydrogen fluoride, removing a fraction mainly containing 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane from the product portion B, and recycling the rest of the product portion B as part of feedstocks for fluorination. According to the process of the invention, the amount of CFC-115 contained in the target HFC-125 can be remarkably reduced through a simplified procedure.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane by fluorinating in the gas phase a halogenated hydrocarbon feedstock containing 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane with hydrogen fluoride, the process being characterized in that: (i) a fluorinated chromium oxide obtained by fluorinating a chromium oxide represented by the formula: CrOm (1.5<m<3) is used as the catalyst, (ii) the mixing ratio (by mole) of hydrogen fluoride to halogenated hydrocarbon feedstock ranges from 1.5 to 10, and (iii) the fluorination is conducted at a temperature of 250 to 350° C. The process makes it possible to prepare easily HFC-125 reduced in the contents of CFCs.

Abstract: A production method in which reaction processes are divided into two regions comprising one reaction region where mainly perchloroethylene is made to react with HF in a vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst and the other reaction region where HCFC-123 (CF3CHCl2) and/or HCFC-124 (CF3CFHCl) is made to react with HF in a vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst, the former region being kept at a higher pressure and the latter region at a lower pressure during the reaction procedure. By this method it is possible to keep the conversion of perchloroethylene at a high level while securing the life of a catalyst, and it is also possible to raise the selectivity of HFC-125. This is a method of producing HFC-125 in which the content of CFC-115 is lowered to not more than 15 vol % of the total amount of HFC-125 and CFC-115, and then CFC-115 is made to react with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing HFC-125 and/or HCFC-124 from PCE, characterized by the first reaction step of fluorinating PCE in the presence of catalyst in a liquid phase to form HCFC-123 and/or HCFC-122 and the second reaction step of fluorinating HCFC-123 and/or HCFC-122 in the presence of catalyst in a vapor phase to form HFC-125 and/or HCFC-124.This process is improved in the yield of objective products, and life of catalyst, and the controllability of reaction temperature.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing HFC-125 and/or HCFC-124 from PCE, characterized by the first reaction step of fluorinating PCE in the presence of catalyst in a liquid phase to form HCFC-123 and/or HCFC-122 and the second reaction step of fluorinating HCFC-123 and/or HCFC-122 in the presence of catalyst in a vapor phase to form HFC-125 and/or HCFC-124.This process is improved in the yield of objective products, and life of catalyst, and the controllability of reaction temperature.

Abstract: A production method in which reaction processes are divided into two regions comprising one reaction region where mainly perohloroethylene is made to react with HF in a vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst and the other reaction region where HCFC-123 (CF.sub.3 CHCl.sub.2) and/or HCFC-124 (CF.sub.3 CFHCl) is made to react with HF in a vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst, the former region being kept at a higher pressure and the latter region at a lower pressure during the reaction procedure. By this method it is possible to keep the conversion of perchloroethylene at a high level while securing the life of a catalyst, and it is also possible to raise the selectivity of HFC-125. This is a method of producing HFC-125 in which the content of CFC-115 is lowered to not more than 15 vol % of the total amount of HFC-125 and CFC-115, and then CFC-115 is made to react with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: A production method in which reaction processes are divided into two regions comprising one reaction region where mainly perchloroethylene is made to react with HF in a vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst and the other reaction region where HCFC-123 (CF.sub.3 CHCl.sub.2) and/or HCFC-124 (CF.sub.3 CFHCl) is made to react with HF in a vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst, the former region being kept at a higher pressure and the latter region at a lower pressure during the reaction procedure. By this method it is possible to keep the conversion of perchloroethylene at a high level while securing the life of a catalyst, and it is also possible to raise the selectivity of HFC-125. This is a method of producing HFC-125 in which the content of CFC-115 is lowered to not more than 15 vol % of the total amount of HFC-125 and CFC-115, and then CFC-115 is made to react with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: An object is to effectively preparing a fluorinated compound by developing a catalyst which is effective in the fluorination of a halogenated alkane or alkene with hydrogen fluoride by a gas phase fluorination or addition of hydrogen fluoride. To this end, a catalyst which comprises a least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Zr, Mo, Ge, Sn and Pb, and alumina, aluminum fluoride or partially fluorinated alumina is used. This catalyst is prepared by an impregnation method to support the above element on alumina and the like, or a precipitation method in which the catalyst is co-precipitated from a solution containing an aluminum compound and a compound of the above element.