Abstract: The present invention is one that makes it possible to facilitate the assembly of an optical measurement cell, as well as shorten optical path length without taking account of handling of a spacer, and an optical measurement cell 2 including a pair of light transmitting plates 21 and 22 respectively having opposite surfaces 21a and 22a facing each other and containing test liquid X between the pair of opposite surfaces 21a and 22a of the pair of light transmitting plates 21 and 22. In addition, one 21a of the opposite surfaces 21a and 22a is formed with a spacer film 25 that contacts with the other opposite surface 22a to define the distance between the pair of opposite surfaces 21a and 22a.

Abstract: The present invention is one that makes it possible to facilitate the assembly of an optical measurement cell, as well as shorten optical path length without taking account of handling of a spacer, and an optical measurement cell 2 including a pair of light transmitting plates 21 and 22 respectively having opposite surfaces 21a and 22a facing each other and containing test liquid X between the pair of opposite surfaces 21a and 22a of the pair of light transmitting plates 21 and 22. In addition, one 21a of the opposite surfaces 21a and 22a is formed with a spacer film 25 that contacts with the other opposite surface 22a to define the distance between the pair of opposite surfaces 21a and 22a.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of identifying substances contained in a sample to both identify the elements in the sample and to measure a distribution of the elements are provided. The sample is scanned with electron beams to form X-ray images of two or elements. These X-ray images can be used to form a scattering diagram, and the composition of known materials can be plotted on the scattering diagram. The substances contained in the samples can be identified, and the distribution of the substances can be obtained by comparing the data on the scattering diagram with the plot.