Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal display device, a polarizer, and a protective film that enable suppression of the occurrence of rainbow unevenness to improve visibility in a liquid crystal display device including a backlight light source comprising white-light-emitting diode having an emission spectrum that has one or more peak tops in each of the blue region (400 nm or more and less than 495 nm), the green region (495 nm or more and less than 600 nm), and the red region (600 nm or more and 780 nm or less). The protective film contains a polyethylene terephthalate-based resin film that has a retardation of 3000 to 30000 nm, wherein the CTF value of periodic unevenness of the x value of chromaticity at an observation angle of 55 degrees is 1.2 or less.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal display device, a polarizer, and a protective film that enable suppression of the occurrence of rainbow unevenness to improve visibility in a liquid crystal display device including a backlight light source comprising white-light-emitting diode having an emission spectrum that has one or more peak tops in each of the blue region (400 nm or more and less than 495 nm), the green region (495 nm or more and less than 600 nm), and the red region (600 nm or more and 780 nm or less). The protective film contains a polyethylene terephthalate-based resin film that has a retardation of 3000 to 30000 nm, wherein the CTF value of periodic unevenness of the x value of chromaticity at an observation angle of 55 degrees is 1.2 or less.

Abstract: The invention provides a surgical device for endoscopic surgery having the function of temporarily storing liquid (a first function), the function of keeping a physical space for surgery and a sufficient endoscopic field (a second function), and the function of protecting organs (a third function), and an insertion device for inserting the surgical device into a body. [Solving Means] The surgical device for endoscopic surgery is an inter-organ spacer (10) including liquid holding means (1) formed of a porous soft material having the ability to temporarily store liquid and the ability to retain its shape. The insertion device for inserting the inter-organ spacer into a body includes a tubular holder capable of holding the inter-organ spacer for endoscopic surgery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image evaluating apparatus, an image evaluating method, and a non-transitory storage medium. In the present invention, two-dimensional relative positions between the image formation position of one color plate of a plurality of color plates and the image formation positions of other color plates are calculated based on known positional information of registration marks formed by the color plates and positional information of the registration marks that are actually formed as images on a recording medium. A position expressing image is generated which represents the calculated relative positions by way of two-dimensional positional coordinates.

Abstract: In a lithium-ion secondary battery using a positive-electrode active material that includes a lithium-manganese-based oxide which includes a lithium (Li) element and a tetravalent manganese (Mn) element and whose crystal structure belongs to a layered rock-salt structure, adding a compound being selected from the group consisting of Compounds (a) through (i) into the electrolytic solution leads to the following: degradations due to oxidation-reduction decompositions of the electrolytic solution, and so on, are inhibited; and not only the shelf or storage capacity and recovered capacity upgrade in the case of being stored at high temperatures, but also the rise of internal resistance is inhibited.

Abstract: Provided are a novel carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) structure and a method for producing the same. The CMC structure of the present invention is useful as a medical material and particularly as an adhesion-preventing material, and has good biocompatibility and bioabsorbability and controllable periods of functioning and dissolving, or has both effects for preventing adhesions and wound healing. The CMC structure of the present invention is substantially composed of carboxymethyl celluloses, comprising an acid carboxymethyl cellulose and an alkaline metal carboxymethyl cellulose in a mixed state. The method of production of the present invention comprises subjecting the alkaline metal (or acid) carboxymethyl cellulose structure to an acid (or alkali) treatment, wherein the acid (or alkali) treatment is terminated before the alkaline metal (or acid) carboxymethyl cellulose is fully converted to the acid (or alkaline metal) carboxymethyl cellulose.

Abstract: The invention provides a surgical device for endoscopic surgery having the function of temporarily storing liquid (a first function), the function of keeping a physical space for surgery and a sufficient endoscopic field (a second function), and the function of protecting organs (a third function), and an insertion device for inserting the surgical device into a body. [Solving Means] The surgical device for endoscopic surgery is an inter-organ spacer (10) including liquid holding means (1) formed of a porous soft material having the ability to temporarily store liquid and the ability to retain its shape. The insertion device for inserting the inter-organ spacer into a body includes a tubular holder capable of holding the inter-organ spacer for endoscopic surgery.

Abstract: Proposed is a novel soluble trauma-healing and hemostatic cellulose fiber capable of absorbing and readily dissolving hemorrhaging trauma loci when applied thereto and of promoting the hemostatic action of blood platelets and fibrin and cell adhesion to the trauma site. The coagulation protein-containing soluble trauma-healing and hemostatic cellulose fiber is produced in that after treatment of a natural or regenerated cellulose fiber with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, said fiber is carboxymethylated by reaction with a monochloro acetic acid solution for a given time (hours) in such a manner that the degree of partial substitution of the glucose units constituting the cellulose molecule (etherification degree) is 0.5-less than 1.0% and that, furthermore, the coagulation proteins fibrinogen, thrombin, and coagulation factor XIII are imparted by surface application or chemical bonding.

Abstract: A semiconductor driver circuit has a plurality of output bumps that are connected to respective electrodes for energizing electroluminescent devices by electric current supplied through the electrodes. The output bumps are arranged in a plurality of output bump rows. Each of the output bump rows includes a plurality of the output bumps.

Abstract: A light-emitting device that uses an organic electroluminescent element, wherein the application of reverse voltage is achieved with a simple structure, is disclosed. The light-emitting device may include a power source, an organic electroluminescent element, and a capacitor. When the light-emitting device is on, the power source may be used to apply forward voltage to the organic electroluminescent element and charge the capacitor. When the light-emitting device is off, the capacitor may be used to apply reverse voltage to the organic electroluminescent element, without using the power source.

Abstract: A plating bath which accommodates an insoluble node and a printed-circuit board, and a copper dissolved bath which supplies copper ions are arranged. The insoluble anode Is arranged as opposed to the printed-circuit board being a cathode, and a forward/reverse current is applied between both of the electrodes. Iron ions are added to a plating solution.

Abstract: A plating bath which accommodates an insoluble anode and a printed-circuit board, and a copper dissolved bath which supplies copper ions are arranged. The insoluble anode is arranged as opposed to the printed-circuit board being a cathode, and a forward/reverse current is applied between both of the electrodes. Iron ions are added to a plating solution.

Abstract: An aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide is used for a soft etchant in a soft etching step in a smear removing process performed prior to a catalyst applying process for chemical copper plating after formation of via holes through an insulating layer of a multi-layer substrate by irradiation of laser. The concentration of sulfuric acid is 2.4 times or less than the concentration of hydrogen peroxide. Preferably, the concentration of sulfuric acid is in a range of 9 to 90 g/l, and the concentration of sulfuric acid is lower than the concentration of hydrogen peroxide. More preferably, the concentration of sulfuric acid is in a range of 9 to 18 g/l, and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is in a range of 33 to 38.5 g/l. As a result, smear can be certainly removed without excessively etching a conductive layer in the smear removing process.

Abstract: A semiconductor driver circuit has a plurality of output bumps that are connected to respective electrodes for energizing electroluminescent devices by electric current supplied through the electrodes. The output bumps are arranged in a plurality of output bump rows. Each of the output bump rows includes a plurality of the output bumps.

Abstract: A copper plating method for a via hole formed on a multi-layer substrate is provided. The via hole interconnects conductive layers of the multi-layer substrate. The method includes performing chemical copper plating on an inner wall of the via hole and performing electrolytic copper plating on the inner wall of the via hole, on which the chemical copper plating has been performed. The electrolytic copper plating includes a first stage and second stage. The first stage is performed with a current density equal to or less than 1.5 A/dm2 to deposit copper film having a thickness of 1 &mgr;m or more. The second stage is performed at a current density higher than that in the first stage.

Abstract: An aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide is used for a soft etchant in a soft etching step in a smear removing process performed prior to a catalyst applying process for chemical copper plating after formation of via holes through an insulating layer of a multi-layer substrate by irradiation of laser. The concentration of sulfuric acid is 1.4 times or less higher than the concentration of hydrogen peroxide. Preferably, the concentration of sulfuric acid is in a range of 5 to 50 g/l, and the concentration of sulfuric acid is lower than the concentration of hydrogen peroxide. More preferably, the concentration of sulfuric acid is in a range of 5 to 10 g/l, and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is in a range of 30 to 35 g/l. As a result, smear can be certainly removed without excessively etching a conductive layer in the smear removing process.

Abstract: Proposed is a novel soluble trauma-healing and hemostatic cellulose fiber capable of absorbing and readily dissolving hemorrhaging trauma loci when applied thereto and of promoting the hemostatic action of blood platelets and fibrin and cell adhesion to the trauma site. The coagulation protein-containing soluble trauma-healing and hemostatic cellulose fiber is produced in that after treatment of a natural or regenerated cellulose fiber with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, said fiber is carboxymethylated by reaction with a monochloro acetic acid solution for a given time (hours) in such a manner that the degree of partial substitution of the glucose units constituting the cellulose molecule (etherification degree) is 0.5- less than 1.0% and that, furthermore, the coagulation proteins fibrinogen, thrombin, and coagulation factor XIII are imparted by surface application or chemical bonding.

Abstract: A plating bath which accommodates an insoluble node and a printed-circuit board, and a copper dissolved bath which supplies copper ions are arranged. The insoluble anode Is arranged as opposed to the printed-circuit board being a cathode, and a forward/reverse current is applied between both of the electrodes. Iron ions are added to a plating solution.

Abstract: Disclosed is a colorimetric sensor comprising polydiacetylene membrane liposomes, a polydiacetylene membrane film or fine particles coated with a polydiacetylene membrane, in which the polydiacetylene membrane is incorporated with a protein having a reduced molecular weight low enough not to cause color change in the polydiacetylene membrane. The examples of the reduced-molecular-weight proteins include an antibody Fab′ fragment, an antigenic protein of molecular weight of 100,000 or less, and a peptide consisting of 3-20 amino acid residue, which undergo an antigen-antibody reaction with an antigen or antibody contained in a sample. As the reduced-molecular-weight protein is also employed a combination of single-stranded DNA of 100 bases or less which hybridizes with single-stranded DNA contained in a sample to form a double-stranded DNA, and an antibody which reacts with said double-stranded DNA but does not react with the single-stranded DNA contained in the sample.

Abstract: A coloring layer composition for a chromatic device of the present invention contains an oxide such as tungsten oxide or niobium oxide and so on as a solute, water and an organic solvent such as propanol. In the step of forming a reduction coloring layer, a film is formed by using a peroxotungstic acid solution containing 100 parts by weight of WO.sub.3.aNb.sub.2 O.sub.5.bH.sub.2 O.sub.2.cH.sub.2 O (wherein a, b and c are each a positive number) as a solute, 20 to 120 parts by weight of water and 80 to 800 parts by weight of n-propanol as an organic solvent. At this time, a dip coating method is used, and the vertical pulling-up speed is less than 15 cm/min. The present invention can effectively prevent unevenness and separation of the reduction coloring layer.