Abstract: A communication apparatus includes an ink jet type printer capable of shifting from a normal operation mode to a low power consumption mode in a stand-by state by rendering the printer to a sleep mode. A recovery level of the printer at the time of wakeup from the sleep mode is based on an elapsed time that is counted from a previous recovery execution time, and a recovery operation is based on the determined recovery level. In another aspect, in the power saving mode, a printer processing unit is not enabled, but then is enabled in reply to a change from the power saving mode to the normal mode, and a communication processing unit transfers control data to the printer processing unit in response to the change from the power saving mode to the normal mode to be used for controlling the printer unit.

Abstract: A communication apparatus suppresses an unnecessary recovery operation when the communication apparatus is raised from a low power consumption mode to a normal operation mode to shorten a time before a printer unit is ready for printing. When the printer unit wakes up from a sleep mode, a time counted by a recovery timer in a facsimile control unit is sent to the printer unit as time data through a bilateral path. A CPU in the printer unit adds time data stores in an NVRAM at the time of entry of the facsimile apparatus to the low power consumption mode to the sent time data to determine the recovery level based on the sum time data and the recovery operation is executed. When the supply of power to an ink jet printer is stopped to reduce the power consumption, a timer in the printer and a bilateral record correction value deviate so that the recovery operation which is to be executed at an interval of 72 hours cannot be executed at the correct time interval.

Abstract: Piperazine compounds and salts thereof having inhibitory effect against superoxide radicals (O.sub.2.sup.-). The piperazine compounds have the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a lower alkyl group;R.sup.2 is a phenyl-lower alkyl group which may have 1 to 3 substituents, on the phenyl ring, selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a phenyl-lower alkoxy group, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group and a halogen atom;R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a phenyl-lower alkyl group; andR.sup.4 is a hydroxyl group, a phenyl-lower alkoxy group or a tetrahydropyranyloxy group.

Abstract: Novel pyrazine derivatives represented by the formula (1) and salts thereof which possess inhibitory effect against superoxide radicals (O.sub.2.sup.-) released from the macrophage cells of guinea pig by stimulation, and also possess anti-albuminuria activity in Masugi nephritis. ##STR1## The pyrazine derivatives (1) and salts thereof are useful agents for preventing and treating of various diseases caused by the superoxide radicals, for example, diseases of autoimmune such as rheumatoid arthritis, arteriosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, transient cerebral ischematic attack, hepatic insufficiency, renal insufficiency and the like, as well as they are useful agents for preventing and treating the nephritis in various clinical fields.