Abstract: An ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate composition is provided which enables an ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate product to be stored at a high purity for an extended period of time and can fully suppress problems such as discoloration and gelation from arising during polymerization, and a method of safely preparing ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate compositions industrially, with high purity. The composition includes an ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate of a specific structure and an antioxidant, the content of the antioxidant being from 0.03 to 0.5 wt % per 100 wt % of the ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate.

Abstract: A process for producing acrylic acid of the present invention comprises the step of conducting gas-phase oxidative dehydrogenation of a composition containing propionaldehyde using a solid catalyst containing molybdenum and vanadium as essential components, thereby obtaining acrylic acid. The obtained acrylic acid is preferably purified by crystallization, and a monomeric component containing the purified acrylic acid is polymerized to thereby give a hydrophilic resin such as an absorbent resin and a water-soluble resin.

Abstract: An ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate composition is provided which enables an ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate product to be stored at a high purity for an extended period of time and can fully suppress problems such as coloration and gelation from arising during polymerization, and also a method of preparing ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate compositions for enabling to obtain industrially ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylates safely in a high purity is also provided. The composition includes an ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate of a specific structure and an antioxidant, the content of the antioxidant being from 0.03 to 0.5 wt % per 100 wt % of the ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate.

Abstract: A process for producing acrylic acid of the present invention comprises the step of conducting gas-phase oxidative dehydrogenation of a composition containing propionaldehyde using a solid catalyst containing molybdenum and vanadium as essential components, thereby obtaining acrylic acid. The obtained acrylic acid is preferably purified by crystallization, and a monomeric component containing the purified acrylic acid is polymerized to thereby give a hydrophilic resin such as an absorbent resin and a water-soluble resin.

Abstract: In the method of the present invention for producing fatty acid alkyl ester and/or glycerin, as a heat source for an alcohol refining step of refining alcohol from unreacted alcohol that remains without reacting in a first reaction step, at least a part of heat of the unreacted alcohol is used. This allows reducing costs in production of fatty acid alkyl ester and/or glycerin over a solid catalyst.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing acrolein, which makes it possible to obtain acrolein in high yield by dehydration of glycerin. Glycerin is allowed to coexist with a catalyst containing a rare earth metal salt crystal of phosphoric acid, thereby dehydrating the glycerin, wherein the crystal is obtained by calcining a solid which is formed by allowing a liquid containing water and a hydroxide of the rare earth metal and/or a dehydration condensate of the hydroxide to contain phosphate ions.

Abstract: In the method of the present invention for producing fatty acid alkyl ester and/or glycerin, as a heat source for an alcohol refining step of refining alcohol from unreacted alcohol that remains without reacting in a first reaction step, at least a part of heat of the unreacted alcohol is used. This allows reducing costs in production of fatty acid alkyl ester and/or glycerin over a solid catalyst.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing acrolein, which makes it possible to obtain acrolein in high yield by dehydration of glycerin. Glycerin is allowed to coexist with a catalyst containing a rare earth metal salt crystal of phosphoric acid, thereby dehydrating the glycerin, wherein the crystal is obtained by calcining a solid which is formed by allowing a liquid containing water and a hydroxide of the rare earth metal and/or a dehydration condensate of the hydroxide to contain phosphate ions.

Abstract: The method of producing fatty acid alkyl esters and/or glycerine of the present invention is a method of producing high-purity fatty acid alkyl esters and/or glycerine advantageously from the energy viewpoint while reducing the energy consumption of the production, and the products can be used in various fields of application, for example in biodiesel fuels, foods, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: To provide: a production method using a catalyst which can substantially suppress leaching of active metal components and exhibit high activity for both reactions of transesterification of glycerides and esterification of free fatty acids each contained in a fat or oil; and the catalyst.

Abstract: The method of producing fatty acid alkyl esters and/or glycerine of the present invention is a method of producing high-purity fatty acid alkyl esters and/or glycerine advantageously from the energy viewpoint while reducing the energy consumption of the production, and the products can be used in various fields of application, for example in biodiesel fuels, foods, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Fluoroaryl magnesium halide is reacted with a boron compound so that a molar ratio of the fluoroaryl magnesium halide to the boron compound is not less than 3.0 and not more than 3.7, so as to produce a tetrakis (fluoroaryl) borate.magnesium compound. With this method, there occurs no hydrogen fluoride which corrodes a producing apparatus and requires troublesome waste water treatment.

Abstract: After a fluoroaryl borane derivative is precipitated from a solution containing the fluoroaryl borane derivative, a bis (fluoroaryl) borane derivative, and a hydrocarbon solvent and is subjected to first filtration so that the fluoroaryl borane derivative is isolated, a filtrate that has been obtained by the first filtration is cooled and the bis (fluoroaryl) borane derivative is separated and is subjected to second filtration so that the bis (fluoroaryl) borane derivative is isolated. In a case where the solution contains fluorobenzene, the solution is concentrated, so that the fluorobenzene is removed. Thus, it is possible to provide the high-purity fluoroaryl borane derivative and bis (fluoroaryl) borane derivative having no impurity with ease and at a low cost.

Abstract: Bis(fluoroaryl)borane derivative is produced by reacting tris(fluoroaryl)borane with a compound, such as water, ethanol, ammonia and the like, in a hydrocarbon solvent at a molar ratio raging from 1:0.9 to 1:1.1. It is more preferable that the reaction is carried out while the hydrocarbon solvent is distilled off. It is more preferable that hydrocarbon solvent is substantially an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent. With this arrangement, it is possible to provide a method for producing and isolating the bis(fluoroaryl)borane derivative of a high purity, with ease and at a low cost.

Abstract: Fluoroaryl magnesium halide is reacted with a boron compound so that a molar ratio of the fluoroaryl magnesium halide to the boron compound is not less than 3.0 and not more than 3.7, so as to produce a tetrakis (fluoroaryl) borate·magnesium compound. With this method, there occurs no hydrogen fluoride which corrodes a producing apparatus and requires troublesome waste water treatment.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for producing an N-hydroxyalkyl compound which is not only conducive to suppression of the discoloration due to decomposition of the solvent and suppression of formation of impurities originating from the catalyst but also insures a high selectivity of reaction and a tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate composition suppressed in discoloration, lean in impurity, with high resistance to heat and, hence, of good quality.

Abstract: After a fluoroaryl borane derivative is precipitated from a solution containing the fluoroaryl borane derivative, a bis (fluoroaryl) borane derivative, and a hydrocarbon solvent and is subjected to first filtration so that the fluoroaryl borane derivative is isolated, a filtrate that has been obtained by the first filtration is cooled and the bis (fluoroaryl) borane derivative is separated and is subjected to second filtration so that the bis (fluoroaryl) borane derivative is isolated. In a case where the solution contains fluorobenzene, the solution is concentrated, so that the fluorobenzene is removed. Thus, it is possible to provide the high-purity fluoroaryl borane derivative and bis (fluoroaryl) borane derivative having no impurity with ease and at a low cost.

Abstract: Bis (fluoroaryl) borane derivative is produced by reacting tris (fluoroaryl) borane with a compound, such as water, ethanol, ammonia and the like, in a hydrocarbon solvent at a molar ratio raging from 1:0.9 to 1:1.1. It is more preferable that the reaction is carried out while the hydrocarbon solvent is distilled off. It is more preferable that hydrocarbon solvent is substantially an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent. With this arrangement, it is possible to provide a method for producing and isolating the bis (fluoroaryl) borane derivative of a high purity, with ease and at a low cost.

Abstract: In a method for purifying a fluoroaryl metal compound of the present invention, magnesium halide is precipitated and removed from a solution containing the fluoroaryl metal compound, the magnesium halide, and an ether solvent. Or, the magnesium halide is removed by treating the solution with an acid. Examples of the method include: a method in which a solvent which has a boiling point higher than that of the ether solvent contained in the solution and which does not dissolve the magnesium halide is heated to a temperature higher than the boiling point of the ether solvent, then the ether solvent is distilled out with the solution being added to the solvent; and a method in which the solution and an aqueous solution containing an acid are mixed and stirred, then allowed to stand so as to be separated into an organic layer containing the fluoroaryl metal compound and an aqueous layer containing the magnesium halide and the acid.

Abstract: A method for easily and inexpensively producing and purifying a fluoroaryl metal compound such as bis(pentafluorophenyl)dialkyltin which is less colored and has no impurities is provided. Hydrocarbon magnesium halide is reacted with fluoroaryl halide in a solvent including an ether solvent so as to obtain fluoroaryl magnesium halide, which is then reacted with an organic metal compound so as to produce a fluoroaryl metal compound. Tin is more preferable as a metal atom included in the organic metal compound. As for the ether solvent, chain ether solvents are preferable, more specifically, diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, and t-butylmethyl ether are more preferable. Besides, it is preferable that magnesium halide, which is a by-product of the fluoroaryl metal compound, is precipitated and removed, or treated with an acid.