Abstract: A display device including a pixel having a memory. The pixel includes at least a display element, a capacitor, an inverter, and a switch. The switch is controlled with a signal held in the capacitor and a signal output from the inverter so that voltage is supplied to the display element. The inverter and the switch can be constituted by transistors with the same polarity. A semiconductor layer included in the pixel may be formed using a light-transmitting material. Moreover, a gate electrode, a drain electrode, and a capacitor electrode may be formed using a light-transmitting conductive layer. The pixel is formed using a light-transmitting material in such a manner, whereby the display device can be a transmissive display device while including a pixel having a memory.

Abstract: Interference detection and reduction is disclosed in which an interference carrier is reduced by processing a signal of an input frequency to a demodulator such as a PSK signal appended with bit sequence for carrier recovery and bit timing recovery for use in the TDMA system, for example, a signal of the intermediate frequency (IF) band of a 140 MHz center frequency, so that the attenuation of a band-elimination filter is limited to a value smaller than a certain one, or for the frequency bands in which spectra are produced by the bit sequence, the IF signal is combined with the band-elimination filter output via a narrow band-pass filter to control the attenuation in each of these frequency bands to a value smaller than a certain one, thereby preventing the signal quality of the TDMA signal from being degraded by the insertion of the band-elimination filter.

Abstract: A phase synchronization circuit for processing a received signal, the phase of which is detected by a first reference carrier from a fixed oscillator and a second reference carrier orthogonal to the first reference carrier. Two baseband signals are thus obtained and sampled with a certain period. Converters convert these two signals into digital values. Phase and amplitude values at each sample point are obtained from these digital values orthogonal to each other. The frequency and phase differences between the received signal and each of the first and second reference carriers are estimated by an optimization method by utilization of pluralities of phase and amplitude data obtained with a fixed period of time. The voltage-controlled oscillator and the phase shifter are controlled with the estimated values for generating a recovered carrier of a phase synchronized with the received signal.