Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic recording medium which has a sufficient impact resistance to withstand its accidental collision with a magnetic head and is neither worn away nor fractured in the CSS area by contact or friction between the magnetic recording medium and the magnetic head even if the thickness of a protective filmy layer is reduced in the data area. In order to achieve this object, a magnetic film and a protective film are formed on a substrate, and for example, the other portion of said protective film than a portion where said protective film comes into contact with a magnetic head is made of not only carbon and nitrogen but also hydrogen for increasing the hardness of said protective film.

Abstract: A magnetic recording system includes an in-plane magnetic recording medium having a magnetic layer fabricated on a single underlayer or on a plurality of underlayers respectively fabricated on a substrate; a driver unit for driving the in-plane magnetic recording medium in a write direction; a magnetic head having a read unit and a write unit; a unit for moving the magnetic head relative to the in-plane magnetic recording medium; and a read/write signal processing unit for reading an output signal from the magnetic head and writing an input signal to the magnetic recording media, wherein the read unit of the magnetic head is a magnetoresistive head and the single underlayer or at least one of the plurality of underlayers is made of Co-containing amorphous material or fine crystal material, or is made of alloy material, the alloy material having as the main components at least one element selected from a group consisting of Cr, Mo, V and Ta and containing at least one element selected from a group consisting o

Abstract: Surface roughness of the magnetic layer and the protective layer is flatter than the surface roughness of the substrate to decrease medium noise, hereby levitation stability of the magnetic head in the ultra low region and high density recording is obtained, for magnetic recording medium and magnetic disk apparatus of high reliability.

Abstract: This magnetic recording medium is characterized in that in the magnetic recording medium having a magnetic film on a non-magnetic substrate by intercalating at least an under layer, the proportion of functional groups per 100 carbon atoms in a diamond-like carbon protective coating mainly composed of carbon for protecting the magnetic film exceeds 20%. The bonding force between the protective coating layer and the lubricating layer of the magnetic recording medium is increased so that under high speed rotation, a decrease in the lubricating layer is not caused so as to provide a magnetic recording apparatus having high reliability.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes at least a substrate, a recording layer formed of a non-magnetic underlying layer and a ferromagnetic thin film, deposited on the substrate, and a protective layer and a lubricant layer overlying the recording layer, a laminate layer is used as the protective layer, wherein a Young's modulus in a head pressing direction is twice or more larger than a Young's modulus in a head running direction.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes at least a substrate, a recording layer formed of a non-magnetic underlying layer and a ferromagnetic thin film, deposited on the substrate, and a protective layer and a lubricant layer overlying the recording layer, a laminate layer is used as the protective layer, wherein a Young's modulus in a head pressing direction is twice or more larger than a Young's modulus in a head running direction. In this way, the durability of the magnetic disk can be significantly improved, and consequently, the protective layer can be made extremely thin, so that it can also contribute to an increased recording density.