Abstract: Provided is a surface-treated copper foil in which in order to avoid failures of electronic parts by corrosion, a high bond strength between an electrolytic copper foil and a resin base material can be maintained even when the surface-treated copper foil is exposed to corrosive gases and microparticles, and a method for manufacturing the same. The surface-treated copper foil of the present invention comprises an electrolytic copper foil, a roughened layer covering at least one surface side of the electrolytic copper foil, and a rust preventive layer further covering the roughened layer, wherein the rust preventive layer is at least one surface of the surface-treated copper foil; the rust preventive layer comprises at least a nickel layer; and the thickness of the nickel layer is 0.8 to 4.4 g/m2 in terms of mass per unit area of nickel; and the noncontact roughness Spd of the rust preventive layer is 1.4 to 2.6 peaks/?m2 and the surface roughness RzJIS of the rust preventive layer is 1.0 to 2.5 ?m.

Abstract: A post-processing device include a conveyed medium stacking portion, a medium bundle stapling member, a medium bundle stacking portion and a medium bundle stacking control unit. A plurality of recording mediums, on which images are recorded, are conveyed and stacked into the conveyed medium stacking portion. The medium bundle stapling member staples a medium bundle, which is a bundle of the plurality of recording mediums stacked on the conveyed medium stacking portion, with staples. The stapled medium bundle is conveyed and stacked into the medium bundle stacking portion. The medium bundle stacking control unit stacks a second medium bundle on a first medium bundle under the condition that a second stacking stapling position deviates from a first stacking stapling position in a width direction by a distance not less than a staple width.

Abstract: A post-processing apparatus, includes: a restraining unit that restrains a periphery of the back portion of the booklet; a pressing unit that presses the back portion of the booklet restrained by restraining unit so that a curved back face of the back portion of the booklet is formed into a flat back face; an expanding amount judging unit that judges the expanding amount of the booklet in a thickness direction thereof before the pressing operation by the pressing unit; and a relief amount adjusting unit that, based on the judgment result of the expanding amount judging unit, adjusts a deformation amount of the back portion of the booklet in the thickness direction thereof caused by the pressing operation of the pressing unit, the relief amount adjusting unit being located between the restraining unit and the pressing unit.

Abstract: An oxirane compound of following Formula (1), such as glycidol, is reacted in the presence of a powdered activated carbon, where necessary, with an initiator such as a polyhydric alcohol, an aliphatic alcohol, or an aliphatic carboxylic acid, to yield, for example, a polyglycidol, a polyglycidol alkyl ether, or a polyglycidol alkyl ester. wherein R1 and R2 may be the same as or different from each other and each represent one selected from hydrogen (H); a branched- or straight-chain alkyl group having one to thirty carbon atoms or an aryl group; and a functional group represented by —CH2-M, wherein M represents OH, F, Cl, Br, or —OR3, wherein R3 represents an alkyl group having one to twenty carbon atoms, allyl group, or an aryl group. A target compound can be obtained in a high yield with high quality according to this invention, from which the catalyst can be easily separated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyglycerol significantly reduced in content of a polyglycerol having a cyclic structure formed by removal of a water molecule from a polyglycerol molecule, and to a fatty acid ester of a polyglycerol having excellent surface activity. 2 mole or more of glycidol and a catalyst are successively added to 1 mole of glycerol for a reaction to obtain a polyglycerol, in which a ratio of [total polyglycerol (1)] to [total polyglycerol (2) having a cyclic structure] is [70% or more]/[30% or less] (the total of both is 100% by weight) in terms of an intensity ratio determined by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry; and an average polymerization degree “n” is 2 or more. A reaction of a polyglycerol with a fatty acid provides the corresponding a fatty acid ester of the polyglycerol.

Abstract: A polyglycerol fatty acid ester formed by esterifying a polyglycerol and a fatty acid, wherein the polyglycerol has a hydroxyl value of 1200 or less and primary hydroxyl groups in an amount of 50% or more of the total hydroxyl groups, and an emulsified or solubilized composition, foodstuff, and cosmetics, each containing the polyglycerol fatty acid ester.

Abstract: A lactone compound represented by following General Formula (1), such as ?-caprolactone, is reacted in the presence of a powdered activated carbon where necessary with an initiator such as a polyhydric alcohol, an aliphatic alcohol, or an aliphatic carboxylic acid to thereby yield, for example, a polylactone, a polylactone alkyl ether, or a polylactone alkyl ester. [Chemical Formula 1] Wherein R1 is an alkylene group having two to eighteen carbon atoms which may be substituted with one or more alkyl groups each having one to ten carbon atoms. Accordingly, a target compound can be produced in a high yield with high quality, from which the catalyst can be easily removed.

Abstract: A post-processing apparatus, includes: a restraining unit that restrains a periphery of the back portion of the booklet; a pressing unit that presses the back portion of the booklet restrained by restraining unit so that a curved back face of the back portion of the booklet is formed into a flat back face; an expanding amount judging unit that judges the expanding amount of the booklet in a thickness direction thereof before the pressing operation by the pressing unit; and a relief amount adjusting unit that, based on the judgment result of the expanding amount judging unit, adjusts a deformation amount of the back portion of the booklet in the thickness direction thereof caused by the pressing operation of the pressing unit, the relief amount adjusting unit being located between the restraining unit and the pressing unit.

Abstract: A post-processing device include a conveyed medium stacking portion, a medium bundle stapling member, a medium bundle stacking portion and a medium bundle stacking control unit. A plurality of recording mediums, on which images are recorded, are conveyed and stacked into the conveyed medium stacking portion. The medium bundle stapling member staples a medium bundle, which is a bundle of the plurality of recording mediums stacked on the conveyed medium stacking portion, with staples. The stapled medium bundle is conveyed and stacked into the medium bundle stacking portion. The medium bundle stacking control unit stacks a second medium bundle on a first medium bundle under the condition that a second stacking stapling position deviates from a first stacking stapling position in a width direction by a distance not less than a staple width.

Abstract: A polyglycerol fatty acid ester formed by esterifying a polyglycerol and a fatty acid, wherein the polyglycerol has a hydroxyl value of 1200 or less and primary hydroxyl groups in an amount of 50% or more of the total hydroxyl groups, and an emulsified or solubilized composition, foodstuff, and cosmetics, each containing the polyglycerol fatty acid ester.

Abstract: An oxirane compound of following Formula (1), such as glycidol, is reacted in the presence of a powdered activated carbon, where necessary, with an initiator such as a polyhydric alcohol, an aliphatic alcohol, or an aliphatic carboxylic acid, to yield, for example, a polyglycidol, a polyglycidol alkyl ether, or a polyglycidol alkyl ester. wherein R1 and R2 may be the same as or different from each other and each represent one selected from hydrogen (H); a branched- or straight-chain alkyl group having one to thirty carbon atoms or an aryl group; and a functional group represented by —CH2-M, wherein M represents OH, F, Cl, Br, or —OR3, wherein R3 represents an alkyl group having one to twenty carbon atoms, allyl group, or an aryl group. A target compound can be obtained in a high yield with high quality according to this invention, from which the catalyst can be easily separated.

Abstract: A lactone compound represented by following General Formula (1), such as ?-caprolactone, is reacted in the presence of a powdered activated carbon where necessary with an initiator such as a polyhydric alcohol, an aliphatic alcohol, or an aliphatic carboxylic acid to thereby yield, for example, a polylactone, a polylactone alkyl ether, or a polylactone alkyl ester. [Chemical Formula 1] Wherein R1 is an alkylene group having two to eighteen carbon atoms which may be substituted with one or more alkyl groups each having one to ten carbon atoms. Accordingly, a target compound can be produced in a high yield with high quality, from which the catalyst can be easily removed.

Abstract: A polyglycerol composition contains diglycerol, triglycerol, and tetraglycerol each in a content of 5 percent by weight or more, has a total content of diglycerol, triglycerol, and tetraglycerol of 75 percent by weight or more, has a total content of higher polyglycerol components of 10 percent by weight or less, the higher polyglycerol components each having a degree of polymerization of 7 or higher, and is substantially free from chlorine atom. A process prepares a polyglycerol composition by reacting glycerol and/or a polyglycerol with glycidol in the presence of an activated carbon catalyst.

Abstract: A cyclic ester (e.g., a lactone such as ?-caprolactone) is ring-opening addition polymerized with a dihydroxycarboxylic acid in the presence of a basic compound (e.g., an amine). In a polyester polyol obtained by such a process, at least part of a carboxyl group of the polyester polyol forms a carboxylate with the basic compound, and the content of the dihydroxycarboxylic acid in a free form can be remarkably reduced (for example, reduced to not more than 5% by weight relative to the total polyester polyol). According to the present invention, a polyester polyol having a reduced content of a free or unreacted dihydroxycarboxylic acid is provided even in the case of using a dihydroxycarboxylic acid (e.g., a dimethylolalkanoic acid such as dimethylolpropionic acid) as an initiator.

Abstract: A polyglycerol composition contains diglycerol, triglycerol, and tetraglycerol each in a content of 5 percent by weight or more, has a total content of diglycerol, triglycerol, and tetraglycerol of 75 percent by weight or more, has a total content of higher polyglycerol components of 10 percent by weight or less, the higher polyglycerol components each having a degree of polymerization of 7 or higher, and is substantially free from chlorine atom. A process prepares a polyglycerol composition by reacting glycerol and/or a polyglycerol with glycidol in the presence of an activated carbon catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyglycerol significantly reduced in content of a polyglycerol having a cyclic structure formed by removal of a water molecule from a polyglycerol molecule, and to a fatty acid ester of a polyglycerol having excellent surface activity. 2 mole or more of glycidol and a catalyst are successively added to 1 mole of glycerol for a reaction to obtain a polyglycerol, in which a ratio of [total polyglycerol (1)] to [total polyglycerol (2) having a cyclic structure] is [70% or more]/[30% or less] (the total of both is 100% by weight) in terms of an intensity ratio determined by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry; and an average polymerization degree “n” is 2 or more. A reaction of a polyglycerol with a fatty acid provides the corresponding a fatty acid ester of the polyglycerol.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hindered amine compound that is suitable as a resin light stabilizer. Specifically, it provides a hindered amine compound represented by the following formula (1). In the formula, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each a hydrogen atom, a C1 to C10 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, etc.; X1 to X4 are each a C1 to C10 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, etc.; Y is a hydrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a C1 to C10 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, etc.; n is an integer from 1 to 7; and m is an integer from 1 to 100.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a lactone-based polyester polyol containing a low-molecular-weight compound in a small amount and to provide a high-quality polyurethane resin. The present invention provides a lactone-based polyester polyol having a cyclic lactone content of 0.05% by weight or less, and provides a process for producing a lactone-based polyester polyol, wherein the process comprises a first step of adding a cyclic lactone, a low-molecular-weight polyol and/or a polycarboxylic acid, and an esterification catalyst to a reaction system and making ring-opening addition or esterification of the cyclic lactone to proceed until conversion of the cyclic lactone reaches a predetermined level; and a second step of continuously feeding the reaction mixture to a thin-film evaporator and subjecting the reaction mixture to evaporation in the form of thin film, thereby removing a low-molecular-weight compound from the system.

Abstract: A carboxy-containing polyester polyol which is obtained by polymerizing ?-caprolactone by ring-opening polymerization with a compound represented by the formula (1): HOCH2C(COOH)RCH2OH (1) (wherein R is C2 or higher alkyl) and which has a number-average molecular weight of 550 to 950 and is liquid at ordinary temperature. This polyol can give a water-compatible polyurethane resin which is excellent in the preservation of a working atmosphere during handling and application and has excellent drying properties after application, and which has homogeneity and excellent stability and is useful in a wide range of applications such as a binder for coating materials, printing inks, etc. and an adhesive. By the production process, a water-compatible polyurethane resin which is excellent in the preservation of a working atmosphere and drying property and is homogeneous and stable can be easily produced.

Abstract: Disclosed are a fatty acid esters composition of a polyglycerine containing more than 70% of a fatty acid monoester which is defined by a specified analysis method, a process for the preparation thereof, a process for the preparation of a highly purified fatty esters composition of a polyglycerine, and a highly-purified fatty acid esters composition of a polyglycerine having an oxirane oxygen concentration of below 100 ppm which is defined by a specified analysis method. The fatty acid esters compositions of a polyglycerine are useful as additives for a variety of food-stuffs, additives for a variety of thermoplastic resins, and as additives for a variety of cosmetics or detergents.