Abstract: A numerical control system comprises a high speed operation buffer 27 for storing all the NC control data (interpolation movement amount or acceleration or deceleration data, etc.) occurring in time series by executing apart program, a time series data parallel display part 62 for reading and displaying the data in time series, an optimization processing part 61 for making the edit process such as recalculation process to deletion of Null data, etc. and temporally shift the group of specific data or change the pattern in the group of said data, and a second high speed operation buffer 60 for storing the processing result. The series of processes are performed by a personal computer (PC) 51 connected to an NC apparatus 1 to be able to exchange data. The data stored in the second high speed operation buffer 60 is transferred to the side of the NC apparatus 1, and read and executed, whereby the optimal processing with temporal editing is performed at high speed.

Abstract: An extrusion molding apparatus and an extrusion molding method is provided that permits deformation of molded body to be prevented and a sound extrusion molded body to be obtained even in the case where a soft extrusion molded body having low rigidity in a direction perpendicular to extrusion direction is molded. An extrusion molding apparatus 1 comprises a screw extruder 12 that kneads a molding raw material 80 and extrudes an extrusion molded body 8 from a molding die 11, and a conveying apparatus 3 that supports said extrusion molded body 8 extruded continuously from the screw extruder 12 and conveys same in the extrusion direction. The screw extruder 12 has an inclination angle ? between the extrusion axis A and horizontal axis H in the range of 15° to 85°. The conveying apparatus 3 is constructed so as to move a reception stage 32 that supports said extrusion molded body 8 extruded along said extrusion axis A on the outer circumferential surface thereof, generally in parallel to said extrusion axis A.

Abstract: An input data check control portion, which compares input data with a decimal point check target word (step 64, 65) and, issues a warning when the input data is the decimal point check target word and the numerical value data of the input data is not given a decimal point (step 66), is provided. This structure enables the prevention of input mistakes of coordinate data and the like, which are easily made at the time of manual programming of a machining program for an NC machine tool, and also enables said input mistakes to be easily found.

Abstract: A numerical control system comprises a high speed operation buffer 27 for storing all the NC control data (interpolation movement amount or acceleration or deceleration data, etc.) occurring in time series by executing apart program, a time series data parallel display part 62 for reading and displaying the data in time series, an optimization processing part 61 for making the edit process such as recalculation process to deletion of Null data, etc. and temporally shift the group of specific data or change the pattern in the group of said data, and a second high speed operation buffer 60 for storing the processing result. The series of processes are performed by a personal computer (PC) 51 connected to an NC apparatus 1 to be able to exchange data. The data stored in the second high speed operation buffer 60 is transferred to the side of the NC apparatus 1, and read and executed, whereby the optimal processing with temporal editing is performed at high speed.

Abstract: An input data check control portion, which compares input data with a decimal point check target word (step 64, 65) and, issues a warning when the input data is the decimal point check target word and the numerical value data of the input data is not given a decimal point (step 66), is provided. This structure enables the prevention of input mistakes of coordinate data and the like, which are easily made at the time of manual programming of a machining program for an NC machine tool, and also enables said input mistakes to be easily found.

Abstract: A concentration measurer for measuring the concentration of turbidities in object liquid by detecting the diffuse reflection light of a laser beam emitted to the object liquid, comprising a concentration detecting part formed by bundling a plurality of optical fibers for laser beam emission and a plurality of optical fibers for laser beam receiving. In this measurer, a body part having an emitter and a receiver for the laser beam and the concentration detecting part can be formed separately from each other, and the body part and the concentration detecting part can be connected by flexible optical fibers. By this measurer, a concentration up to a high turbidity concentration can be measured with high sensitivity and, when the concentration detecting part is formed separately from the body part, the concentration detecting part can be easily installed even in a restricted area and an adverse environment.

Abstract: An optical disk recording/reproduction apparatus includes a semiconductor laser, an objective lens provided opposite an optical disk, an optical system for supplying a laser beam from the semiconductor laser to the objective lens, an aperture for not intercepting the laser beam in reproducing from a digital video disk and intercepting an outermost portion of the laser beam in reproducing from a compact disk, and a tracking servo mechanism for moving the objective lens in a tracking direction orthogonal to the running direction of a track of the optical disk. The aperture has an oblong opening that is longer in the tracking direction than in the track running direction.

Abstract: An optical disk recording/reproduction apparatus includes a semiconductor laser, an objective lens provided opposite an optical disk, an optical system for supplying a laser beam from the semiconductor laser to the objective lens, an aperture for not intercepting the laser beam in reproducing from a digital video disk and intercepting an outermost portion of the laser beam in reproducing from a compact disk, and a tracking servo mechanism for moving the objective lens in a tracking direction orthogonal to the running direction of a track of the optical disk. The aperture has an oblong opening that is longer in the tracking direction than in the track running direction.

Abstract: A manhole cover is provided with an incorporated radio repeater and a repeater antenna attached onto its rear surface. Another repeater antenna is provided inside the sewer below the manhole. This repeater antenna is connected to a radio transmitter/receiver, an electric-optical/optical-electric signal converter, and an optical fiber cable. With this arrangement, the manhole cover and optical fiber cable are connected via radio communication.

Abstract: An apparatus for discriminating optical disks has an optical pickup provided with an objective lens having an effective numerical aperture of 0.55 to 0.65, which can compatibly reproduce information from a CD and an SD. The apparatus discriminates presence/absence of waveforms of two focus error signals detected when the effective numerical aperture of the objective lens is set at 0.55 to 0.65 and 0.20 to 0.45 respectively in a process of performing focus servo control, thereby discriminating various types of optical disks from each other. Thus, optical disks having different substrate thicknesses, different track pitches, different minimum pit lengths and different reflectivity can be quickly and simply discriminated from each other.

Abstract: An air cleaning apparatus for vehicles includes an ozone generator, diffusing plate, and activated charcoal filter, which are disposed sequentially from the upstream side of air flow in an air cleaning duct. The activated charcoal filter contains acid treated activated charcoal and alkali treated activated charcoal. Thus, in the air cleaning apparatus for vehicles, the ozone generator oxidizes ammonia and acetaldehyde and then absorbs and removes the products by acid activated charcoal and alkali activated charcoal. As a result, ammonia, acetaldehyde and acetic acid which are bad odor components of cigarette smoke can be removed sufficiently and effectively.

Abstract: An apparatus for discriminating optical disks has an optical pickup provided with an objective lens having an effective numerical aperture of 0.55 to 0.65, which can compatibly reproduce information from a CD and an SD. The apparatus discriminates presence/absence of waveforms of two focus error signals detected when the effective numerical aperture of the objective lens is set at 0.55 to 0.65 and 0.20 to 0.45 respectively in a process of performing focus servo control, thereby discriminating various types of optical disks from each other. Thus, optical disks having different substrate thicknesses, different track pitches, different minimum pit lengths and different reflectivity can be quickly and simply discriminated from each other.

Abstract: A programmable controller (PC) which converts PC instructions directly into targeted CPU instructions, not into a macroprogram format, and stores them as an execution file. The PC stores restoration information for ladder display together with the CPU instructions, whereby the number of program steps to be executed is reduced and a ladder display can be provided. The PC also converts PC instructions written in the ladder language into restoration information restorable to the ladder language and generates them as a main processing restoration information file, then converts the PC instructions directly into targeted CPU instructions, not into a macroprogram format, on the basis of the restoration information file, and stores them as an execution file independently of the main processing restoration information file.

Abstract: An optical material contains a photochromic compound which is expressed in the following general formula (I): ##STR1## where A represents an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a substituted nitrogen atom, B represents a thiophene ring, benzothiophene ring, pyrrole ring or indole ring, R.sub.1 represents a methyl group, an alkoxy group or a perfluoroalkyl group, R.sub.2 to R.sub.7 represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group and the like respectively. This photochromic compound may be bonded with a polymer as a side chain in the position of A.

Abstract: An optical recording medium includes a recording layer, and a masking layer which is converted to a state having small absorption at the wavelength of a reproducing beam due to progress of decoloration caused by a thermal reaction upon irradiation with the reproducing beam, or due to facilitation of decoloration caused by a photon mode photochromic reaction through temperature rise upon irradiation with the reproducing beam.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an optical recording material containing a photochromic compound which is expressed in the following general formula (I): ##STR1## where A represents an oxygen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen atom, R.sub.1 represents an alkoxy group, R.sub.2 to R.sub.5 represent substituents such as a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and the like respectively, and B represents a substituted or unsubstituted thiophene ring, benzothiophene ring, pyrrole ring or indole ring.

Abstract: A programmable controller (PC) which converts PC instructions directly into targeted CPU instructions, not into a macroprogram format, and stores them as an execution file. The PC stores restoration information for ladder display together with the CPU instructions, whereby the number of program steps to be executed is reduced and a ladder display can be provided. The PC also converts PC instructions written in the ladder language into restoration information restorable to the ladder language and generates them as a main processing restoration information file, then converts the PC instructions directly into targeted CPU instructions, not into a macroprogram format, on the basis of the restoration information file, and stores them as an execution file independently of the main processing restoration information file.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an optical recording medium comprising a recording layer containing a photochromic material and a polymer which are so combined with each other that a photostationary state attained upon irradiation with light of a specific wavelength is varied with temperatures, a reflective layer for reflecting light which is passed through the recording layer, and a substrate for supporting a laminate of the recording layer and the reflective layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a recording/reproducing method for an optical recording medium comprising a step of heating a recording layer containing a photochromic material and a polymer which are so combined with each other that a photostationary state attained upon irradiation with light of a specific wavelength is varied with temperatures, and a step of applying the light of a specific wavelength to the heated recording layer for bringing the same into a photostationary state and recording information. In order to reproduce the information, a portion of the recording layer which is in a photostationary state is selectively heated, and reproducing light is applied to reproduce recorded and unrecorded states.