Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for increasing adhesion strength between a surface of copper or copper alloy and an organic layer, the method comprising in this order the steps: (i) providing a non-conductive substrate comprising on at least one side said surface, said surface having a total surface area of copper or copper alloy, (ii) contacting said substrate comprising said surface with an acidic aqueous non-etching protector solution comprising (ii-a) one or more than one amino azole, (ii-b) one or more than one organic acid and/or salts thereof, (ii-c) one or more than one peroxide in a total amount of 0.4 wt-% or less, based on the total weight of the protector solution, and (ii-d) inorganic acids in a total amount of 0 to 0.01 wt-%, based on the total weight of the protector solution, wherein during step (ii) the total surface area of said surface is not increased upon contacting with the protector solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for increasing adhesion strength between a surface of copper or copper alloy and an organic layer, the method comprising in this order the steps: (i) providing a non-conductive substrate comprising on at least one side said surface, said surface having a total surface area of copper or copper alloy, (ii) contacting said substrate comprising said surface with an acidic aqueous non-etching protector solution comprising (ii-a) one or more than one amino azole, (ii-b) one or more than one organic acid and/or salts thereof, (ii-c) one or more than one peroxide in a total amount of 0.4 wt-% or less, based on the total weight of the protector solution, and (ii-d) inorganic acids in a total amount of 0 to 0.01 wt-%, based on the total weight of the protector solution, wherein during step (ii) the total surface area of said surface is not increased upon contacting with the protector solution.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle includes an engine, a motor, the engine and the motor being driving sources, a first traveling mode in which the vehicle is driven utilizing an output of the engine, and a second traveling mode in which the vehicle is driven through an output of the motor with the engine stopped. The hybrid vehicle further includes an air density detecting section configured to detect an air density of an environment under which the vehicle travels and, in a case where the detected air density is reduced with respect to a standard air density, the motor output in the second traveling mode is reduced with respect to the motor output in a standard air density such that a driving force of the vehicle in the second traveling mode when the traveling mode is switched approaches the driving force of the vehicle in the first traveling mode.

Abstract: Provided is a communication device including a streaming packet transmission unit for transmitting a streaming packet, a control information acquisition unit for acquiring control information regarding the streaming packet, a control packet transmission unit for transmitting a control packet including the control information, a control information addition unit for adding the control information to the streaming packet, and a transmission channel selection unit for selecting, according to a predetermined condition, whether to transmit the control packet including the control information or to transmit the streaming packet to which the control information has been added.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle includes an engine, a motor, the engine and the motor being driving sources, a first traveling mode in which the vehicle is driven utilizing an output of the engine, and a second traveling mode in which the vehicle is driven through an output of the motor with the engine stopped. The hybrid vehicle further includes an air density detecting section configured to detect an air density of an environment under which the vehicle travels and, in a case where the detected air density is reduced with respect to a standard air density, the motor output in the second traveling mode is reduced with respect to the motor output in a standard air density such that a driving force of the vehicle in the second traveling mode when the traveling mode is switched approaches the driving force of the vehicle in the first traveling mode.

Abstract: The present invention provides camel antibody libraries that maintain in vivo diversity of camelid antibody variable region genes. The in vivo diversity of antibody variable region genes can be accomplished by, for example, mixing genes derived from a plurality of animals or modifying gene amplification conditions. Conventional methods yield only VHHs with limited repertoire diversity. However, the present invention provides libraries comprising genes encoding functional VHHs with sufficient repertoire size. According to the present invention, libraries that enable to freely obtain VHHs against arbitrary antigens are provided. VHHs have excellent solubility and stability, and show a reactivity that usually cannot be expected from tetrameric IgGs.

Abstract: A power supply unit composed so that outputs from a plurality of cells having different output characteristics are output from common terminals and so that a decrease in energy efficiency caused by connecting the cells is suppressed to the utmost is provided. After outputs of a plurality of cells 10a to 10c having different output voltages and output currents are adjusted to have the same output voltage value, the outputs are output to terminals 4 and 5 so as to match the parallel connection. Since the outputs of the cells are output in parallel, a cell outputting a low current does not restrict the output currents in the overall power supply unit, unlike the series connection. Moreover, since the outputs, which are adjusted to have the same voltage, are connected, problems such as flowback do not occur.

Abstract: The present invention provides camel antibody libraries that maintain in vivo diversity of camelid antibody variable region genes. The in vivo diversity of antibody variable region genes can be accomplished by, for example, mixing genes derived from a plurality of animals or modifying gene amplification conditions. Conventional methods yield only VHHs with limited repertoire diversity. However, the present invention provides libraries comprising genes encoding functional VHHs with sufficient repertoire size. According to the present invention, libraries that enable to freely obtain VHHs against arbitrary antigens are provided. VHHs have excellent solubility and stability, and show a reactivity that usually cannot be expected from tetrameric IgGs.

Abstract: With respect to a photoelectric conversion device comprising a semiconductor electrode composed of semiconductor fine particles and a metal film to be an opposite electrode, a polyethylene dioxythiophene (PEDOT)/polystyrenesulfonic acid (PSS) film is formed by spin coating on a transparent electrode of a metal oxide such as ITO to remarkably improve the adhesion property of the metal film to the metal oxide film and the pollution by the different type metal of the metal film to be the opposite electrode can be prevented in the photoelectric conversion device. Further, a semiconductor electrode composed of semiconductor fine particles can be formed well on the metal oxide film by low temperature process while elution of the metal oxide film is prevented to obtain the photoelectric conversion device.

Abstract: A mobile terminal communication system is disclosed wherein, when communication interruption occurs, communication is re-started automatically without labor by a user to perform a call re-origination operation. If communication is interrupted by deterioration of a radio circuit condition between a fixed terminal and a mobile terminal, then an automatic call origination control section automatically originates a call to the fixed terminal and the mobile terminal based on subscriber number information stored in a subscriber number storage section of an exchange and information of a radio service area; in which the mobile terminal is present, stored in a position information database section. If a response is received from both of the fixed terminal and the mobile terminal, then communication is re-started.

Abstract: By transmitting function information indicative of functions of a game machine manipulation device CT10, previously stored therein, to a game machine main body 27 with a command from the game machine main body 27, it is possible to retrieve functions of the game machine manipulation device CT10 required for the game machine main body 27 and to set the retrieved functions of the game machine manipulation device CT10 in the game machine manipulation device CT10.

Abstract: By transmitting function information indicative of functions of a game machine manipulation device CT10, previously stored therein, to a game machine main body 27 with a command from the game machine main body 27, it is possible to retrieve functions of the game machine manipulation device CT10 required for the game machine main body 27 and to set the retrieved functions of the game machine manipulation device CT10 in the game machine manipulation device CT10.

Abstract: By transmitting function information indicative of functions of a game machine manipulation device CT10, previously stored therein, to a game machine main body 27 with a command from the game machine main body 27, it is possible to retrieve functions of the game, machine manipulation device CT10 required for the game machine main body 27 and to set the retrieved functions of the game machine manipulation device CT10 in the game machine manipulation device CT10.

Abstract: By transmitting function information indicative of functions of a game machine manipulation device CT10, previously stored therein, to a game machine main body 27 with a command from the game machine main body 27, it is possible to retrieve functions of the game machine manipulation device CT10 required for the game machine main body 27 and to set the retrieved functions of the game machine manipulation device CT10 in the game machine manipulation device CT10.

Abstract: A portable electronic device has a connector 42 for being connected to a master having a program executing function, microcomputer 41, which has a program memory 41a for storing a program, for controlling execution of the program, and a storage (not shown) for storing event occurrence, wherein an event that has been stored in the storage is transferred to the master in response to a request from the master.

Abstract: By transmitting function information indicative of functions of a game machine manipulation device CT10, previously stored therein, to a game machine main body 27 with a command from the game machine main body 27, it is possible to retrieve functions of the game machine manipulation device CT10 required for the game machine main body 27 and to set the retrieved functions of the game machine manipulation device CT10 in the game machine manipulation device CT10.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the general formula (1):   (where R1 is SR6 or NR7R8, where R6 is typically an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, R7 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms or a nitro group, and R8 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms; R2 and R3 are each typically a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms; R4 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms or an amidino group of which the amine portion may be substituted by an alkyl or nitro group; R5 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms; Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 which may be the same or different are each typically a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms; n and m are each an integer of 0 or 1), or possible stereoisomers or optically active forms of the compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: First communication data is in a first transmission protocol and serial in first communication cycles. The first communication data is accumulated and then transmitted at second communication cycles. The first communication data is then converted into second communication data in a second transmission protocol. The first communication data is received in accordance with a first clock signal supplied together with the first communication data. The accumulated first communication data is transmitted in accordance with a second clock signal. The difference in transmission protocol and transmission timings between the first and second communication data is thereby eliminated.

Abstract: By transmitting function information indicative of functions of a game machine manipulation device CT10, previously stored therein, to a game machine main body 27 with a command from the game machine main body 27, it is possible to retrieve functions of the game machine manipulation device CT10 required for the game machine main body 27 and to set the retrieved functions of the game machine manipulation device CT10 in the game machine manipulation device CT10.

Abstract: By transmitting function information indicative of functions of a game machine manipulation device CT10, previously stored therein, to a game machine main body 27 with a command from the game machine main body 27, it is possible to retrieve functions of the game machine manipulation device CT10 required for the game machine main body 27 and to set the retrieved functions of the game machine manipulation device CT10 in the game machine manipulation device CT10.