Abstract: Additional information is generated for each of unit recording blocks in a recording medium. The generated additional information is recorded on a first area in the corresponding unit recording block. A piece of file data is recorded on a second area in each of the unit recording blocks. The second area differs from the first area. The additional information for each of the unit recording blocks includes 1) file identification information for identifying the file data, 2) next-sector address information indicating an address of a unit recording block following the present unit recording block, and 3) first-sector identification information indicating whether or not the present unit recording block is first one of the unit recording blocks assigned to the file data. The additional information may further include effective-data identification information indicating whether a piece of the file data recorded on the present unit recording block is effective or ineffective.

Abstract: Executes a re-encoding after decoding data of a connection section A of a first MPEG picture data. This re-encoding is executed based on a control such that a transition of a VBV buffer occupation value starts from a VBV buffer occupation value at a position a and ends with a VBV buffer occupation value at a position d. Up to the position a of the first MPEG picture data, the first MPEG picture data is reproduced. Next, re-encoded MPEG picture data of the connection section A is reproduced. Thereafter, the data is connected to the position d of a second MPEG picture data, and the second MPEG picture data of the position d and after is reproduced.

Abstract: Executes a re-encoding after decoding data of a connection section A of a first MPEG picture data. This re-encoding is executed based on a control such that a transition of a VBV buffer occupation value starts from a VBV buffer occupation value at a position a and ends with a VBV buffer occupation value at a position d. Up to the position a of the first MPEG picture data, the first MPEG picture data is reproduced. Next, re-encoded MPEG picture data of the connection section A is reproduced. Thereafter, the data is connected to the position d of a second MPEG picture data, and the second MPEG picture data of the position d and after is reproduced.

Abstract: An encryption key is generated in response to a plurality of information pieces being bases for the encryption key. Original information is encrypted into encryption-resultant information in response to the generated encryption key. The encryption-resultant information is divided into units. Each of the units is loaded with encryption control information for identifying the plurality of information pieces being the bases for the encryption key.

Abstract: Executes a re-encoding after decoding data of a connection section A of a first MPEG picture data. This re-encoding is executed based on a control such that a transition of a VBV buffer occupation value starts from a VBV buffer occupation value at a position a and ends with a VBV buffer occupation value at a position d. Up to the position a of the first MPEG picture data, the first MPEG picture data is reproduced. Next, re-encoded MPEG picture data of the connection section A is reproduced. Thereafter, the data is connected to the position d of a second MPEG picture data, and the second MPEG picture data of the position d and after is reproduced.

Abstract: An audio signal is compressively encoded into encoding-resultant audio data. A video signal is compressively encoded into encoding-resultant video data. An audio time stamp for audio-vide synchronous reproduction is added to every unit of the encoding-resultant audio data. A video time stamp for audio-video synchronous reproduction is added to every unit of the encoding-resultant video data. The time-stamp-added audio data and the time-stamp-added video data are multiplexed into main data. To a plurality of first after-recording-purpose data for at least one of (1) the encoding-resultant audio data and (2) the encoding-resultant video data which form the main data, time stamps for reproduction synchronous with a portion of the main data and identification information for identifying the plurality of first after-recording-purpose data are added to convert the first after-recording-purpose data into second after-recording-purpose data.

Abstract: An encryption key is generated in response to a plurality of information pieces being bases for the encryption key. Original information is encrypted into encryption-resultant information in response to the generated encryption key. The encryption-resultant information is divided into units. Each of the units is loaded with encryption control information for identifying the plurality of information pieces being the bases for the encryption key.

Abstract: A unidirectional function circuit generates a first encryption key according to the device identification information stored in a device identification information holding unit. Another unidirectional function circuit generates a second encryption key that depends on a write block address. A contents key generator generates a contents key using the first encryption key, second encryption key, and relation information. An encryptor records contents, which are encrypted using the contents key, onto a HDD.

Abstract: When a code word sequence is generated by converting input data words of p bits into code words of q bits and concatenating adjacent ones of the code words with a merge bit sequence of r bits in order to obtain the best DSV value, according to one aspect, the adjacent code words are concatenated with the merge bit sequence of r bits which is selected, free from the restriction of the minimum run-length of (d+1)T and the maximum run-length of (k+1)T based on the run-length limiting rule RLL(d, k) but permitting the minimum run-length of (d+1)T and the maximum run-length of (k+2)T.

Abstract: Additional information including three types of information is recorded in an additional information recording area provided for each recording block. The additional information includes first identification information for identifying a file that includes a recording block; either next-recording-block recording position information specifying a next recording block that is a recording block configuring the same file and following the recording block or terminal information indicating that the recording block is the terminal recording block of the recording blocks that configure the same file; and second identification information indicating whether the recording block is the first recording block of the recording blocks configuring the same file.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an encryption method for encrypting information including a series of multiple unit blocks, one at a time, a decryption method for decrypting multiple encrypted unit blocks, one at a time, and a recording and reproducing apparatus that uses those methods. The seed of an encryption key for encrypting each unit block and the seed of an encryption key for decrypting each encrypted unit block, which are used by those methods and the recording and reproducing apparatus, are based on a unit block that is one or more unit blocks before the current unit block in a reproduction order or on information generated by encrypting one or more unit blocks before the current unit block. Alternatively, the seed of an encryption key for encrypting each unit block and the seed of an encryption key for decrypting each encrypted unit block are information based on an encryption key for encrypting a unit block before the current unit block in a reproduction order.

Abstract: Each record of a file recording management table has three fields: Type, Contents, and Next Record Number. The Type field indicates whether the record is a “file name record” that has file name information in the Contents field or a “consecutive recording area record” that has position information on a consecutive recording area (position information on a positionally consecutive recording area) of file data in the Contents field. The records are linked and are recorded in one physical recording area as one file recording management table.

Abstract: A defect management device comprises a temporary storage buffer unit temporarily storing therein a recording management table including area allocation information used for writing optical recording data in a user data area of an optical recording medium and defect information used for performing defect management processing; a defect detection unit that detects a defect; a defect information creation unit that creates defect information when the defect detection unit detects the detect; an allocation information creation unit that creates area allocation information; a recording management table writing unit that writes a recording management table from the temporary storage buffer unit into a management area; and a recording management table reading unit that reads a latest recording management table on the optical recording medium.

Abstract: Data C generated by scrambling user-desired digital data P and a control word CWp corresponding to the number of reproductions p are recorded on recording media. When creating a master, a user has already been charged for the number of reproductions p. A decryption block decrypts the control word CWp, which is read from the recording media, to CW0. A de-scrambler uses the decryption control word CW0 to decrypt the digital data P for output to a reproduction unit. After confirming the end of reproduction, the decryption block writes a control word CW(p?1) back to the recording media. The recording media may be reproduced p times with no need for communication between a reproduction device and an accounting manager.

Abstract: A once-recordable optical disk has a data recorded area in which application software for creating an information group and a first file system are prerecorded. The application software is readable with the first file system and is used to select desired ones from among information pieces stored in a personal computer and form the information group. According to instructions from the application software, a second file system and the information group readable with the second file system are written in a blank area of the optical disk. After the creation of the information group, the application software and first file system in the optical disk are disabled so that they are unreadable with the second file system.

Abstract: A recording apparatus generates key information based at least on contents reproduction permission information, encrypts contents based on the key information, and records the encrypted contents and recording date/time information on a recording medium. A reproducing apparatus reads the encrypted contents and the recording date/time information from the recording medium, acquires reproduction date/time information on the encrypted contents and, based on the recording date/time information that was read, the reproduction date/time information, and reproduction permission limit information on the encrypted contents, generates contents reproduction permission information indicating that the encrypted contents maybe reproduced. The reproducing apparatus generates key information based at least on the contents reproduction permission information and decrypts the encrypted contents that were read.

Abstract: First and second synchronous words having respective numbers of times of inversion different from each other in NRZI conversion are generated in a synchronous word generation portion, and first and second code word series data are generated by arranging code word data generated making reference to a run-length coding table after these two synchronous words. With respect to the first and second code word series data, DSV calculation results stored in two DSV calculation peak value memories corresponding to these data are compared with each other by a peak value comparison portion. Based on a comparison result, the code word series data having a smaller direct-current component generated in NRZI conversion is selected.

Abstract: A first-key signal representative of a first key is generated from first-key base information being a base of the first key. Contents information is encrypted into encryption-resultant contents information in response to the first-key signal. A second-key signal representative of a second key is generated on the basis of initial-value information of a given initial value according to a predetermined key generation algorithm. The first-key base information is encrypted into encryption-resultant first-key base information in response to the second-key signal. The encryption-resultant contents information, the encryption-resultant first-key base information, the initial-value information, and algorithm identification information for identifying the predetermined key generation algorithm are transmitted or recorded.

Abstract: A signal is recorded on and reproduced from a first tape-like storage medium. At least one indexing signal is recorded on the first storage medium. Or, at least one indexing signal already recorded on the first storage medium is detected. The location of the indexing signal is determined as an indexing position. The signal that has been recorded on the first storage medium is recorded on a randomly accessible second storage medium from the indexing position for a specific period.

Abstract: Bits of a first bit sequence are rearranged in a first matrix according to a predetermined arrangement rule. The first bit sequence represents information being a base of a key. Blocks are formed in the first matrix. Each of the blocks has bits, the number of which is smaller than the number of bits composing the first matrix. Logical operation is executed among bits in each of the blocks, and a bit being a result of the logical operation is generated. The logical-operation-result bits are combined into a second bit sequence. The number of bits composing the second bit sequence is smaller than the number of bits composing the first bit sequence. There is a second matrix composed of predetermined third bit sequences. The second matrix is accessed and one is read out from among the third bit sequences in response to the second bit sequence. The read-out third bit sequence is outputted as information representative of the key.