Abstract: A medium position detection device including: a medium moving space (10) formed in which a plurality of media (30) can simultaneously move without overlapping in a predetermined direction; a light-guiding plate (11) which perpendicularly intersects the predetermined direction and defines the front of the medium moving space (10); a light source (20) disposed to emit light entering an end surface of the light-guiding plate (11); a reflecting section (13) formed in the light-guiding plate (11) so that the light having entered the light-guiding plate (11) is reflected by the reflecting section (13) and exits the light-guiding plate (11) through a back surface of the light-guiding plate (11); and detection means which detects the light from the light-guiding plate (11).

Abstract: A medium position detection device including: a medium moving space (10) formed in which a plurality of media (30) can simultaneously move without overlapping in a predetermined direction; a light-guiding plate (11) which perpendicularly intersects the predetermined direction and defines the front of the medium moving space (10); a light source (20) disposed to emit light entering an end surface of the light-guiding plate (11); a reflecting section (13) formed in the light-guiding plate (11) so that the light having entered the light-guiding plate (11) is reflected by the reflecting section (13) and exits the light-guiding plate (11) through a back surface of the light-guiding plate (11); and detection means which detects the light from the light-guiding plate (11).

Abstract: A filter for removing contaminants from water. The filter has a first porous filter part formed by setting an active carbon in a high-molecular low-melt index polymeric binder. An inlet directs water to be filtered to the first porous filter part. An outlet directs water filtered by passage through the first porous filter part to a point of use.

Abstract: An automatic speed control system for an automotive vehicle comprises a vehicle-speed sensor, a throttle actuator adjusting an opening angle of a throttle, a brake actuator adjusting a brake-fluid pressure applied to wheel cylinders, and a switching-operation decision unit controlling the switching from one of a driving-force control of the throttle actuator and a braking-force control of the brake actuator to the other. A first arithmetic circuit calculating a command signal value for the throttle actuator and a second arithmetic circuit calculating a command signal value for the brake actuator are designed to provide transition durations. The decision unit acts to continue either one or the other control executed prior to a transition for its transition duration.

Abstract: In an apparatus and method for estimating a stability factor of combustions in a vehicular internal combustion engine, a engine revolution synchronized filter processing is carried out for a signal derived in synchronization with the engine revolutions and, thereafter, a time synchronized filter processing is carried out to extract the frequency component correlated to the engine combustion stability factor. Noise components synchronized with the engine revolutions, based on a revolution speed sensor working accuracy error, and based on tire (road) wheel revolution (rotation) first-order vibration frequency are eliminated. In addition, a resonance frequency component in a vehicular drive train is extracted as a frequency component correlated to the combustion stability factor.

Abstract: A method of processing a photosensitive glass includes exposing. Photosensitive glass by radiation from a laser whose oscillation wavelength lies within the range of wavelengths of exposing light to which the glass responds. Then, the exposed portions 1c are thermally developed and etched. Since a laser beam propagates with a high rectilinearity, the front and rear surfaces of thick photosensitive glass can be exposed without producing dimensional errors. Therefore, the etching accuracy is improved. Especially, where the front and rear surfaces of photosensitive glass are etched, both surfaces can be processed so as to form the same shape in them accurately. In addition, because almost all the energy of the laser radiation is used for exposure of the photosensitive glass, the energy is not wasted and so the efficiency is high.

Abstract: A robot system for taking out workpieces from a box using a robot having a floating hand and a workpiece recognition apparatus. The workpiece recognition apparatus detects the position and inclination of a selected workpiece, and calculates a target position and a desired inclined posture of the hand. The posture is so decided that a line of intersection of the floating plane of the hand with a vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis of the workpiece, becomes parallel to a horizontal direction, and the center axis of the wrist portion becomes perpendicular to the line of intersection. Data indicating the target position and the desired inclined posture are transmitted to the robot controller of the system, so that the controller drives the servomotors of the robot in such a way that the hand moves toward the target position with a desired inclined posture. With this operation, the hand contacts with the selected workpiece at a predetermined position to pick up the workpiece.

Abstract: A fuel injection control system derives a target fuel amount to be introduced into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine in each induction stroke in the engine revolution cycle, according to an engine driving condition for establishing a desired air/fuel ratio of an air/fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. The target fuel amount is modified with a fuel transferrring characteristics dependent correction value which is derived as the reverse of a fuel transferring characteristic when the injected fuel amount coincides with the fuel amount introduced into the combustion chamber. The fuel injection amount for actual fuel injection is thus derived so that the injected fuel amount coincides with the modified target fuel amount.

Abstract: A fuel injection control system assumes fuel amount introduced in an engine combustion chamber on the basis of an air/fuel ratio dependent value derived by monitoring an air/fuel ratio dependent component in an exhaust gas, and an intake air amount introduced into the combustion chamber, assumes wetting fuel amount to be consumed for wetting an induction system on the basis of the fuel amount introduced into the combustion chamber and a fuel injection amount injected up to the immediately preceding fuel injection cycle, and prospect fuel amount to be introduced into the combustion chamber on the basis of the current fuel injection amount and the wetting fuel amount. The prospected fuel amount to be introduced into the combustion chamber is compared with a target fuel amount which is derived according to the engine driving condition for modifying the fuel injection amount so that the prospected fuel amount coincides with the target fuel amount.

Abstract: An engine combustioning condition monitoring system monitors crankshaft angular position for detecting an engine cylinder in combustion cycle. The system derives variation of velocity of a crankshaft revolution on the basis of the monitored crankshaft angular positions and derives a combustioning coefficient for each engine cylinder. A value representative of the variation of the crankshaft revolution velocity is modified by the combustioning coefficient for deriving internal pressure in each engine cylinder. Discrimination of the engine combustioning conditon is made on the basis of the engine cylinder internal pressure.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an ignition timing for an internal combustion engine mounted in a vehicle are disclosed in which a limit value for the ignition timing value is provided so that a difference between a current ignition timing and a previous ignition timing is within the limit value and the limit value is set according to a magnitude of an engine acceleration. For example, when an abrupt engine acceleration occurs, the limit value is set to 15 degrees. When the engine is in a steady state (no abrupt acceleration from an idling condition), the limit value is set to four degrees. Therefore, no vehicle body shock occurs due to the abrupt change in an engine output torque caused by the abrupt change in the ignition timing and a response characteristic of a rise in the engine output torque during the abrupt acceleration can be assured.

Abstract: A control device for a continuously variable transmission performs a feedback control wherein an integral control gain and a proportional control gain of the feedback control are varied depending upon an operating position assumed by a shift actuator.

Abstract: A control is disclosed wherein an engine coolant temperature or an idle engine speed is sensed and the minimum desired reduction ratio is limited based on the sensed result, thus preventing an engine from vibrating or stalling.

Abstract: A control system for a continuously variable transmission wherein when a difference between an actual value and a target value is greater than a predetermined value, a feed-forward control is used, whereas when the difference is smaller than the predetermined value, a feed-back control is used.

Abstract: Operation of a shift actuator system is monitored and a lock-up clutch in a torque converter or a fluid coupling is released when a shift operation monitoring signal has stayed unchanged for a predetermined time or the shift operation monitoring signal has stayed unchanged after a change in a shift command signal fed to the shift actuator system.

Abstract: A time adjusting device for an electronic timepiece utilizes a manually rotatable mechanism which generates pulses corresponding in frequency and number with the speed and extent of rotation thereof. Each pulse which is generated is thereafter converted into a plurality of pulses. A manually actuatable switch applies either the normal periodic time pulses to a time counter or the plurality of pulses to the time counter upon actuation to adjust the time count therein.

Abstract: Time adjusting means for electronic timepiece which detects change in the generation condition of pulses generated in response to a manual operation speed and generates a predetermined number of pulses in accordance with the detection output as the time-adjusting pulses. The time adjusting means enables a rapid time adjustment of an electronic timepiece at a high speed. When the manual operation speed exceeds a predetermined speed, the time adjusting means stops the time-adjusting pulse so as to prevent erroneous operation.