Abstract: An organic electroluminescence (EL) device doping material which is thermally stable, having a high melting point, and doping with which improves stability of a luminous layer formed as a thin layer. An organic EL device 1 comprises a glass substrate 3, an anode 2 made of transparent indium tin oxide (ITO), an electron hole implanted transporting layer 4 of TPD, a luminous layer 5, and a cathode 6 made of Mg. The luminous layer is made of Alq3 doped with 1 mol % of Al2O (SABF)2 as a metal chelate complex having ligands composed of SABF skeletons. When plus DC voltage is applied to the anode 2 and minus DC voltage, to the cathode 6, the luminous layer 5 emits yellow electroluminescence of 16400 cd/m2 at maximum with 15 V. The external quantum yield was 0.1891 m/W. The luminous layer of the organic EL device is thermally stable and hard to be deteriorated.

Abstract: A multi-color organic EL device capable of preventing color mixing due to leakage luminescence while incorporating therein luminous layers formed by mask deposition techniques. Anodes, a hole transport layer, luminous layers different in type from each other and cathodes are laminated. In such a laminate structure, the luminous layers different in type which are arranged adjacently to each other are constructed so as to permit the luminous layer increased in band gap to get between the luminous layer decreased in band gap and the hole transport layer.

Abstract: An object of this invention is to provide an organic EL device material stable against heat, having a high purity in bluish light emission and a high efficiency. The organic EL device comprises a glass substrate, a transparent anode, a TPD which is an electron hole implanted transporting layer, an organic luminous layer, Alq.sub.3 which is an electron implanted transporting layer and a cathode. The organic luminous layer is an aluminum complex which is .mu.-oxozi [bis(2-(2-benzo oxazolyl)-phenolate) aluminum (III)]. Plus and minus DC voltages are applied to the anode and cathode respectively. The organic luminous layer indicates bluish light emission of 1314 cd/m.sup.2 at 16V. A peak wave length of the luminous spectrum is 420 nm and chromaticity coordinates are x=0.185 and y=0.178 and a high purity as bluish color is assured. The organic EL device material is stable against heat and difficult to deteriorate.

Abstract: A fixed pattern display device of the dynamic drive type with high definition including cathodes formed into a fine pattern by conventional photolithography. The cathodes are made of a metal material having a low resistance and arranged on an insulating substrate in the form of wiring patterns for fixed display segments of each of display patterns together with the display patterns. ITO which is resistant to water is exposed in the form of anodes each acting as a common electrode, resulting in arrangement of any protective film being eliminated.

Abstract: The voltage to be applied to fixed display segments are made to be substantially the same to prevent irregular luminance distribution so as to improve display quality. In consideration of allowable voltage drop occurring attributable to the levels of electric currents which flow in electric lines of fixed display segments, the same voltage is applied to the fixed display segments by determining the resistance values by changing the pattern shapes (the lengths, the widths, the thicknesses and the line) of electric lines of the fixed display segments. If the fixed display segments have the same display area, the widths of the electric lines of the fixed display segments are determined to correspond to the ratios of lengths of electric lines of the fixed display segments in order to cause the fixed display segments to be applied with the same voltage.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display device capable of permitting upper electrodes of a fine pattern to be formed and exhibiting increased durability. Ribs are spaced at predetermined intervals on transparent electrodes arranged in the form of a film on a lower transparent substrate. An organic layer is formed between each adjacent two of the ribs and an upper electrode is deposited all over the transparent electrodes. A portion of the upper electrode formed on each of the ribs is removed by scraping, rubbing or the like, resulting in the upper electrode being formed on only each of the organic layers. A cap layer may be provided on the upper electrode as required.

Abstract: A method of recovering carbon dioxide gas from the combustion exhaust gas of fossil fuel, using a combustion equipment, wherein fuel gas is supplied to an anode chamber of a molten carbonate fuel cell and oxidizing gas is supplied to a cathode chamber of the fuel cell, the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion equipment is suuplied to the cathode chamber as part of the oxidizaing gas, CO.sub.2 in the combustion exhaust gas is allowed to react with O.sub.2 in the oxidizing gas at the cathode to produce carbonate ion, which is allowed to pass through the electrolyte of the fuel cell and to reach the anode, which the carbonate ion is allowed to react with hydrogen in the fuel gas to produce CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O, the anode exhaust gas containing CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O generated at the anode is discharged from the anode chamber, H.sub.2 O is separated from the anode discharge gas and high-concentration CO.sub.2 gas is recovered.

Abstract: A method of accelerating radiative transfer is characterized in that a radiation acceleration plate is interposed between heat absorption pipe trains or planes disposed opposite to each other and heated by radiation of gases having a high temperature in a radiation portion of a furnace so that the pipes or planes are heated by radiation of the acceleration plate and radiation of the gases.