Abstract: A power generation element includes a magnetic member that produces a large Barkhausen effect and magnetism collection members including an insertion part having the magnetic member inserted therethrough. The magnetism collection member includes a first component on an opposite side of a boundary plane to a magnetic field generation unit and a second component on the same side of the boundary plane as the magnetic field generation unit, the boundary plane passing through a center of an imaginary circle inscribed in the insertion part and having a diameter equal to a length of the insertion part in a third direction perpendicular to first and second directions, the first direction is a direction of the insertion of the magnetic member, and the second direction is a direction in which the magnetic field generation unit is disposed. A volume of the second component is larger than a volume of the first component.

Abstract: First, movement information that allows calculation of a movement of a first input device is sequentially obtained. During a time period in which at least one operation key is in a predetermined input state, a display image is enlarged or reduced in accordance with a change of the movement information. When it is determined that the predetermined input state is canceled, the enlarged or reduced display image is caused to return to its original magnification and an action of at least one first object in the display image is controlled.

Abstract: Based on operation information obtained from an operating device for pointing to a position on a screen of a display device, a pointing position to which the operating device points is repeatedly calculated. Next, a change amount of the pointing position is calculated. Then, whether or not the change amount of the pointing position meets a first condition is determined. As a result, when it is determined that the change amount of the pointing position meets the first condition, predetermined processing is executed for the pointing position or a position specified based on the pointing position.

Abstract: First, based on the position of a target in a taken image included in imaging information, a pointing position which an operating device points to is calculated. Next, a change amount of the pointing position within a predetermined time is calculated. Then, whether or not the change amount of the pointing position satisfies a first condition is determined. As a result, when it is determined that the change amount of the pointing position satisfies the first condition, predetermined processing is executed in which the pointing position within the predetermined time or a position calculated based on pointing positions within the predetermined time is set as a start point.

Abstract: First, movement information that allows calculation of a movement of a first input device is sequentially obtained. During a time period in which at least one operation key is in a predetermined input state, a display image is enlarged or reduced in accordance with a change of the movement information. When it is determined that the predetermined input state is canceled, the enlarged or reduced display image is caused to return to its original magnification and an action of at least one first object in the display image is controlled.

Abstract: Based on operation information obtained from an operating device for pointing to a position on a screen of a display device, a pointing position to which the operating device points is repeatedly calculated. Next, a change amount of the pointing position is calculated. Then, whether or not the change amount of the pointing position meets a first condition is determined. As a result, when it is determined that the change amount of the pointing position meets the first condition, predetermined processing is executed for the pointing position or a position specified based on the pointing position.

Abstract: First, based on the position of a target in a taken image included in imaging information, a pointing position which an operating device points to is calculated. Next, a change amount of the pointing position within a predetermined time is calculated. Then, whether or not the change amount of the pointing position satisfies a first condition is determined. As a result, when it is determined that the change amount of the pointing position satisfies the first condition, predetermined processing is executed in which the pointing position within the predetermined time or a position calculated based on pointing positions within the predetermined time is set as a start point.

Abstract: A sheet clipping device of the invention is designed to detachably hold one or more sheets. The sheet clipping device is formed of an elongated base member, and a plurality of gripping devices fixed to the elongated base member at a predetermined distance away from each other along the longitudinal direction thereof. The elongated base member is formed of upper and lower portions with diagonal upper and lower guide members, and a back portion situated between the upper and lower portions. Distal ends of the upper and lower guide members are vertically spaced apart from each other. Each gripping device includes an upper frictional member fixed to the upper portion, and a lower frictional member fixed to the lower portion to face to each other. When the sheets are inserted between the upper and lower frictional members through the guide members, the sheets are frictionally retained between the frictional members. The sheets can be easily attached to or removed from the clipping device.

Abstract: A file for gripping sheets of the invention is formed of an elongated base member and a plurality of gripping devices attached to the base member. The base member is formed of upper and lower portions, a back portion situated between the upper and lower portions at a back side, and upper and lower guide members fixed to the upper and lower portions to face to each other at a front side. Each guide member diagonally extends toward the back portion. Each gripping device includes upper and lower frictional members with elasticity. The upper frictional member is fixed to the upper portion, and the lower frictional member is fixed to the lower portion to face to each other. When the sheets are inserted between the upper and lower portions, the sheets are guided by the guide members and are frictionally retained between the frictional members.

Abstract: A process for producing a carboxylic acid ester which comprises reacting a carboxylic acid with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce a reaction solution and neutralizing the reaction solution, characterized by using a countercurrently contacting column for neutralization, into which the esterified reaction solution is introduced at the lower portion of the column, an aqueous strong alkaline solution at a middle portion and an aqueous weak alkaline solution at an upper portion, removing a neutralized oil phase containing the carboxylic acid ester from the top of the column and removing an aqueous phase from the bottom, thereby continuously neutralizing the reaction solution.