Abstract: A biosensor capable of detecting, for example, the index of refraction, the concentration of proteins, or antibody-antigen reactions in a sample using surface plasmon resonance are provided, as well as methods for producing the biosensor sensor measurement systems using the biosensor. A biosensor may comprise transparent rod 2; metallic reflector 40 formed on end surface 2a of one end of transparent rod 2; metallic thin film 3 formed on the outer circumferential surface of said one end of transparent rod 2; and organic substance layer 4 comprising a photo immobilizing agent containing a photo cross linking agent and a substance to be immobilized which is formed on the metallic thin film 3 on the outer circumferential surface and immobilized.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing an optical component, long-shaped members 2e, 2f each for a polarizer, 3a for a Faraday rotator, 4a for a compensator are fixed on the substrate 1 by an epoxy adhesive to fabricate an interim article. The interim article is then adhered on a glass substrate 9 by wax 10. The interim article is then cut into pieces each of which is used as an optical component for an optical isolator.

Abstract: A process for producing a synthetic coking coal of high volatile matter content by thermal cracking of a heavy hydrocarbon through the delayed coking process comprising heating said heavy hydrocarbon in a furnace to a temperature between about 380.degree. C. and 500.degree. C. and sufficient to initiate cracking; introducing said heated heavy hydrocarbon into a coking drum where it is maintained at a temperature and for a time sufficient to effect cracking to thereby produce a thermally cracked residue having a volatile matter content of from about 25 to 45 wt % and a Gieseler fluidity of at least about 50,000 ddpm; withdrawing said thermally cracked residue from the coking drum at a temperature selected so as to satisfy the relation:T.ltoreq.0.293x.sup.2 -26.12x+790where T is the temperature (.degree.C.