Abstract: An electronic device allows a user to exchange a main battery in a state where an electronic device is continuously operated, even when a backup battery is a small-sized battery charger. The power supply device supplies power for driving an electronic device, and includes a first battery used as a driving power supply, a second battery used as the driving power supply when the first battery is unusable, a booster circuit that increases an output voltage of the second battery, a dummy load circuit for the booster circuit, a battery detachment detector that detects whether the first battery is detachable from the device, and a power controller that switches the driving power supply of the device to the first or second battery. The power controller activates the booster circuit and supplies output power of the booster circuit to the dummy load circuit, when the first battery is detachable.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a circuit board, a heat sink and thermal gel. The circuit board has an electronic component, which is mounted to a first principal surface of the circuit board. The heat sink has an opposing surface, which is opposed to the first principal surface of the circuit board. The thermal gel is filled between the circuit board and the heat sink to cover the electronic component. The circuit board has through-holes. At least a portion of each through-hole is formed in a bonding range, to which the thermal gel is bonded. The through-holes enable visual recognition of the thermal gel through the through-holes.

Abstract: An electronic device allows a user to exchange a main battery in a state where an electronic device is continuously operated, even when a backup battery is a small-sized battery charger. The power supply device supplies power for driving an electronic device, and includes a first battery used as a driving power supply, a second battery used as the driving power supply when the first battery is unusable, a booster circuit that increases an output voltage of the second battery, a dummy load circuit for the booster circuit, a battery detachment detector that detects whether the first battery is detachable from the device, and a power controller that switches the driving power supply of the device to the first or second battery. The power controller activates the booster circuit and supplies output power of the booster circuit to the dummy load circuit, when the first battery is detachable.

Abstract: An electronic control unit includes a board, an electronic device, a heatsink, and a fastener. The board includes a protection layer and a ground pattern covered with the protection layer. The ground pattern has an exposed portion exposed outside the protection layer. The electronic device is mounted on the board and has an anode terminal and a cathode terminal connected to the ground pattern. The heatsink supports the board. The fastener is inserted though an insertion hole of the exposed portion. The fastener electrically connects the ground pattern to the heatsink and fixes the board to the heatsink. The exposed portion is located on the cathode terminal side of the electronic device.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a circuit board, a heat sink and thermal gel. The circuit board has an electronic component, which is mounted to a first principal surface of the circuit board. The heat sink has an opposing surface, which is opposed to the first principal surface of the circuit board. The thermal gel is filled between the circuit board and the heat sink to cover the electronic component. The circuit board has through-holes. At least a portion of each through-hole is formed in a bonding range, to which the thermal gel is bonded. The through-holes enable visual recognition of the thermal gel through the through-holes.

Abstract: An electronic device comprises a main battery used as a drive power source for driving the electronic device, a secondary battery used as a drive power source instead of the main battery when the main battery cannot be used, a battery detection unit that detects an event of removal of the main battery from the electronic device, and a power control unit that changes the drive power source from the main battery to the secondary battery and controls operation of the electronic device to reduce power consumption by the electronic device when removal of the main battery is detected by the battery detection unit.

Abstract: An electronic control unit includes a board, an electronic device, a heatsink, and a fastener. The board includes a protection layer and a ground pattern covered with the protection layer. The ground pattern has an exposed portion exposed outside the protection layer. The electronic device is mounted on the board and has an anode terminal and a cathode terminal connected to the ground pattern. The heatsink supports the board. The fastener is inserted though an insertion hole of the exposed portion. The fastener electrically connects the ground pattern to the heatsink and fixes the board to the heatsink. The exposed portion is located on the cathode terminal side of the electronic device.

Abstract: In order to keep impedance characteristics to desired values across the entire operating frequency band, an electronic circuit of the present invention includes an integrated circuit, a decoupling capacitor, and a multilayer circuit board on which the integrated circuit and the decoupling capacitor are mounted. In the electronic circuit, a planar land is formed on one or both of a power layer and a ground layer of the multilayer circuit board, the land having densely disposed therein a plurality of via holes that connect a terminal of the integrated circuit and a corresponding terminal of the decoupling capacitor, and the land formed on the power layer or the ground layer is discontinuously disposed at a predetermined interval with a gap having a predetermined width provided therebetween.

Abstract: A power supply filter includes a first filter circuit and a second filter circuit connected in parallel with each other across supply voltage input terminals. The first filter circuit has such a low-pass characteristic that a gain of the first filter circuit is higher than that of the second filter circuit in a first band which is a low band. The second filter circuit includes a serially-inserted resistive element and has such a high-pass characteristic that the gain of the second filter circuit is higher than that of the first filter circuit in a second band which is a high band.

Abstract: An electronic device comprises a main battery used as a drive power source for driving the electronic device, a secondary battery used as a drive power source instead of the main battery when the main battery cannot be used, a battery detection unit that detects an event of removal of the main battery from the electronic device, and a power control unit that changes the drive power source from the main battery to the secondary battery and controls operation of the electronic device to reduce power consumption by the electronic device when removal of the main battery is detected by the battery detection unit.

Abstract: An electronic circuit is obtained that has reduced EMI levels. The circuit includes an integrated circuit, which is a source of noise, a bypass capacitor, and a circuit substrate on which they are mounted. An electronic circuit one electrode terminal of the bypass capacitor and one connecting electrode of the integrated circuit are connected through a first wire interconnect formed in the circuit substrate, and, additionally, another electrode terminal of the bypass capacitor and another connecting electrode of the integrated circuit are connected through a second wire interconnect, and the gap between the first wire interconnect and the second wire interconnect is made smaller than either the gap between the one connecting electrode and the other connecting electrode on the integrated circuit or the gap between the one electrode terminal and the other electrode terminal of the bypass capacitor.

Abstract: In order to keep impedance characteristics to desired values across the entire operating frequency band, an electronic circuit of the present invention includes an integrated circuit, a decoupling capacitor, and a multilayer circuit board on which the integrated circuit and the decoupling capacitor are mounted. In the electronic circuit, a planar land is formed on one or both of a power layer and a ground layer of the multilayer circuit board, the land having densely disposed therein a plurality of via holes that connect a terminal of the integrated circuit and a corresponding terminal of the decoupling capacitor, and the land formed on the power layer or the ground layer is discontinuously disposed at a predetermined interval with a gap having a predetermined width provided therebetween.

Abstract: An electronic circuit is obtained that has reduced EMI levels. The circuit includes an integrated circuit, which is a source of noise, a bypass capacitor, and a circuit substrate on which they are mounted. An electronic circuit one electrode terminal of the bypass capacitor and one connecting electrode of the integrated circuit are connected through a first wire interconnect formed in the circuit substrate, and, additionally, another electrode terminal of the bypass capacitor and another connecting electrode of the integrated circuit are connected through a second wire interconnect, and the gap between the first wire interconnect and the second wire interconnect is made smaller than either the gap between the one connecting electrode and the other connecting electrode on the integrated circuit or the gap between the one electrode terminal and the other electrode terminal of the bypass capacitor.

Abstract: A method of inspecting an electronic circuit that includes a first integrated circuit and a second integrated circuit formed on a circuit board. The first integrated circuit has a first power source, and an input circuit that has a test signal output section and the second integrated circuit has a second power source and an output circuit that has a signal input section. The method includes steps of: turning on the first and second power sources at prescribed voltage levels; changing voltage level of the first power source; applying a test signal to the signal input section of the second integrated circuit; detecting an output signal of the signal output section of the first integrated circuit; and examining whether there is a sufficient margin in the electronic circuit by comparing the test signal and the output signal.

Abstract: An electronic control system has a microcomputer monitoring section and an output controlling section. A microcomputer is prohibited from controlling control objects of a vehicle by a control prohibition section in the output controlling section and monitoring halting section halts the abnormality monitoring program executed by a monitoring section, when there is a heavy-load program processing request. Thus, the microcomputer executes the heavy-load program processing with reduced processing load. The abnormality monitoring is started by the monitoring section, when the processing of the heavy-load program is terminated. Further, after normal operation of the microcomputer is checked, the control system allows the microcomputer to start controlling the control objects.

Abstract: A method for inspecting an electronic circuit formed on a board with a peripheral circuit includes steps of providing a terminal for inputting and outputting an electronic signal, providing an impedance increase means for increasing an impedance of an electrical connection between the electronic circuit and the peripheral circuit and providing an inspection means for inspecting the electronic circuit. The impedance of the electronic circuit is increased to prevent influence of the peripheral circuit before and during inspection of the electronic circuit, and the increase of the impedance is removed after the inspection.

Abstract: A method of inspecting an electronic circuit that includes a first integrated circuit and a second integrated circuit formed on a circuit board. The first integrated circuit has a first power source, an input circuit and a signal output section, and the second integrated circuit has a second power source, an output circuit and a signal input section. The method is comprised of steps of: changing voltage level of the first power source; applying a test signal to the signal input section; detecting an output signal of the signal output section; examining whether there is a sufficient margin in the electronic circuit by comparing the test signal and the output signal.

Abstract: A method for inspecting an electronic circuit formed on a board with a peripheral circuit includes steps of providing a terminal for inputting and outputting an electronic signal, providing an impedance increase means for increasing an impedance of an electrical connection between the electronic circuit and the peripheral circuit and providing an inspection means for inspecting the electronic circuit. The impedance of the electronic circuit is increased to prevent influence of the peripheral circuit before and during inspection of the electronic circuit, and the increase of the impedance is removed after the inspection.

Abstract: An electronic control system has a microcomputer monitoring section and an output controlling section. A microcomputer is prohibited from controlling control objects of a vehicle by a control prohibition section in the output controlling section and monitoring halting section halts the abnormality monitoring program executed by a monitoring section, when there is a heavy-load program processing request. Thus, the microcomputer executes the heavy-load program processing with reduced processing load. The abnormality monitoring is started by the monitoring section, when the processing of the heavy-load program is terminated. Further, after normal operation of the microcomputer is checked, the control system allows the microcomputer to start controlling the control objects.

Abstract: A 2-(.alpha.-substituted alkyl)-2-imidazoline represented by the general formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 alkyl or alkenyl group and R.sub.2 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group which is novel and useful as an intermediate for useful surfactants and polymer-modifiers.