Abstract: This invention relates to a simple method for evaluating stress of a normal healthy subject with high accuracy is provided. In this method, the expression profile of specific genes that serve as stress marker genes is analyzed, and stress of the subject is evaluated based on the analysis results.

Abstract: Provided is a wiring board and production method thereof, wherein production of wiring by a full additive method is achieved. This is extremely useful in forming fine copper wiring featuring a high adhesion on an insulating resin substrate. A resin having an excellent alkali resistance is used as the insulating resin substrate, and the copper wiring is formed on the insulating resin substrate through a degenerated layer containing amide group and a metallic oxide layer of a metal having a reduction potential more base than that of copper. The degenerated layer can be provided by, e.g., introduction of amide group into the surface of the insulating resin substrate. The copper can be formed by processes including electroless plating. The insulating resin substrate has superb heat resistance and dimensional stability, and the formed structure can provide a highly packed wiring board.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel method of diagnosing the conditions of depression of a patient in a simple, objective, and accurate manner. In this method, gene expression is analyzed using mRNA of a subject's peripheral blood to evaluate whether or not the subject is afflicted with depression, the type of depression of a subject who had been evaluated as being afflicted with depression is identified, and the conditions of depression are then diagnosed in accordance with the type of depression.

Abstract: An oligonucleotide array comprising an array of multiple oligonucleotides with different base sequences fixed onto known and separate positions on a support substrate, wherein said oligonucleotides are biological stress related genes or complementary sequence chains to the said genes, and the said oligonucleotides are classified according to their gene functions, wherein the fixation region on the support substrate is divided into the said classification.

Abstract: Methods for global monitoring of gene expression and searching for useful genes that are targeted to organisms lacking sequence information are realized by providing low-cost and efficient DNA arrays. A genomic library constructed from randomly cleaved genomic DNA fragments is directly fixed on a substrate that allows the library to be individually recognized. In this way, global monitoring of gene expression can be carried out without being limited by the amount of gene sequence information. Further, plasmids that are detected by a constructed random genomic DNA array are fragmented into shorter DNAs, which are fixed on another substrate to construct a sub DNA array. With the use of this sub DNA array, gene expression is analyzed and useful genes are searched.

Abstract: This invention provides a method and a means for assisting in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. More particularly, this invention provides gene markers (shown in Tables 1 and 2) for evaluating whether or not multiple sclerosis has been developed, a method for evaluating multiple sclerosis using such gene markers, a chip, and the like.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of simply and accurately diagnosing depression by assaying the expression levels of a specific group of genes in a subject's peripheral leukocytes. In this method, the expression level of at least one gene selected from among apoptosis-associated genes, ATPase-associated genes, cell cycle-associated genes, cytokine-associated genes, heat shock protein-associated genes, polymerase-associated genes, GTP-binding protein-associated genes, protein kinase C-associated genes, and mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase-associated genes is analyzed using mRNA of a subject's peripheral blood, and symptoms of depression in the subject are diagnosed based on the results of such analysis.

Abstract: The present invention provides nucleic acid arrays with improved sensitivity for a nucleic acid. The array comprises various kinds of nucleic acid probes, which are capable of hybridizing to the nucleic acid, immobilized at different positions on a substrate. Single-stranded nucleic acid probes are immobilized on the substrate by covalent bond, and functional groups that can have negative charge by dissociating in an aqueous solution or by hydrolysis are introduced on the surface of regions of the substrate on which no nucleic acid probe is immobilized.

Abstract: The efficacy of an interferon &bgr; treatment is evaluated by using a database on correlation between the efficacy of the interferon &bgr; treatment and the gene expression levels of at least one interferon induced protein gene, at least one interferon regulation factor gene, and at least one chemokine gene, and determining the expression levels of the genes in messenger RNAs derived from leukocytes in the peripheral blood of a subject.

Abstract: Provided are a method and a system for allergy analysis by using RNA derived from leukocytes extracted from peripheral blood as such, correcting the observed value, and comparing the balance of helper T (Th) cells (Th1/Th2) with the number of Th1 cells/the number of Th2 cells in a nucleic acid sample or the Th1/Th2 data of a patient and of a normal volunteer. Also provided are a method and a system for allergy analysis using a highly reproducible and reliable array having a minimal number of DNA fragments (oligonucleotides) thereon, which is realized by identifying essential gene groups for the Th1/Th2 assay. According to the present invention, it is possible to analyze the existence of a specific cell in a sample containing several types of cells without isolating the cell of interest.

Abstract: The object of this invention is to provide a member having a metallic layer which exhibited an enhanced adhesion between a resin substrate and a precipitated metal by a chemical interaction without roughening a surface of the resin, a method for manufacturing the member, and a build-up type multi-layer wiring board, a flexible wiring board and a wiring board for multi-chip module using the same.

Abstract: It is needed to implement probing sequences having no potentiality of cross-hybridization, equal Tms, and less secondary structures for the probing sequences for DNA arrays so that the sensitivity and repeatability of measurement may be ensured. The probing sequences for the DNA arrays can be determined by following at least two steps, one being a step for creating a list of candidate probes for the DNA probe arrays, which are made of partial sequences of genome or cDNA sequences (the list-up step) and the other being a step for discarding the candidate probes, of which melting temperatures deviate from a given range, which have higher stability of secondary structures, or which have the potentiality of cross-hybridization, from the primary candidate probe list (the filtering step). The present invention thus provides a method for designing probing DNA sequences to be fixed on the DNA probe arrays.

Abstract: An oligonucleotide array comprising an array of multiple oligonucleotides with different base sequences fixed onto known and separate positions on a support substrate, wherein said oligonucleotides are biological stress related genes or complementary sequence chains to the said genes, and the said oligonucleotides are classified according to their gene functions, wherein the fixation region on the support substrate is divided into the said classification.

Abstract: The present invention provides nucleic acid arrays with improved sensitivity for a nucleic acid. The array comprises various kinds of nucleic acid probes, which are capable of hybridizing to the nucleic acid, immobilized at different positions on a substrate. Single-stranded nucleic acid probes are immobilized on the substrate by covalent bond, and functional groups that can have negative charge by dissociating in an aqueous solution or by hydrolysis are introduced on the surface of regions of the substrate on which no nucleic acid probe is immobilized.

Abstract: Provided is a wiring board and production method thereof, wherein production of wiring by a full additive method is achieved. This is extremely useful in forming fine copper wiring featuring a high adhesion on an insulating resin substrate. A resin having an excellent alkali resistance is used as the insulating resin substrate, and the copper wiring is formed on the insulating resin substrate through a degenerated layer containing amide group and a metallic oxide layer of a metal having a reduction potential more base than that of copper. The degenerated layer can be provided by, e.g., introduction of amide group into the surface of the insulating resin substrate. The copper can be formed by processes including electroless plating. The insulating resin substrate has superb heat resistance and dimensional stability, and the formed structure can provide a highly packed wiring board.

Abstract: Provided is a wiring board and production method thereof, wherein production of wiring by a fall additive method is achieved. This is extremely useful in forming fine copper wiring featuring a high adhesion on an insulating resin substrate. A resin having an excellent alkali resistance is used as the insulating resin substrate, and the copper wiring is formed on the insulating resin substrate through a degenerated layer containing amide group and a metallic oxide layer of a metal having a reduction potential more base than that of copper. The degenerated layer can be provided by, e.g., introduction of amide group into the surface of the insulating resin substrate. The copper can be formed by processes including electroless plating. The insulating resin substrate has superb heat resistance and dimensional stability, and the formed structure can provide a highly packed wiring board.

Abstract: A voltage of an intensity corresponding to information to be recorded is applied to a recording medium which comprises a film containing a charge generating material. The film is sandwiched between two electrodes. Electric charges are accumulated in the recording medium upon application of the voltage so that information is recorded. When light is irradiated to the recording medium, the stored charges are converted into photo-current. The recorded information is read out by detecting the photo-current. When the electrodes are short-circuited, the recorded information is erased.

Abstract: A photosensitive element for electrophotography has an electrically conductive substrate and a layer structure thereon comprising a charge generating substance and a charge transport substance. An improved charge transport substance is a derivative of triphenylamine in which at least 80% of the electrons in the highest occupied molecular orbital are located on the triphenylamine skeleton. Examples of such compounds have the following formula: ##STR1## wherein X is a an optionally substituted heterocyclic radical containing at least one ring nitrogen, Q is a single bond or --C.dbd.C--, and Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2 and Z.sub.3 are H, lower alkyl or alkoxy, aryl, NO.sub.2, CF.sub.3, --N(R').sub.2, --S--C.sub.6 H.sub.5 or --S(R').sub.2.

Abstract: A toggle-type die-fastening apparatus has a movable platen that carries one mold part and is supported by and guided along a plurality of tie bars whose one ends are fixed to a fixed platen on which another mold part is mounted. The other ends of the tie bars are supported by a toggle support, and a toggle mechanism is disposed between the toggle support and the movable platen for pressing the mold part carried by the movable platen against the mold part mounted on the fixed platen. A die-fastening force adjusting nut is threaded onto the end portion of each tie bar that is closer to the toggle support so as to bear the reaction of the die-fastening force generated by the toggle mechanism. An adjusting cylinder is formed in this portion, and it is connected to a hydraulic circuit so that the pressure within each of the cylinders is controlled by a pressure adjusting valve in such a manner as to correspond to a die-fastening force set by a setting device.