Abstract: A translucent laminate sheet includes at least one type of organic phosphor to make wavelength conversion of light emitted from a light source, and light-transmitting members to seal the organic phosphor. The light-transmitting members are formed by two plate-like members and the organic phosphor is disposed to be held between the two plate-like members. A frame member is disposed between the two plate-like members, and the organic phosphor is hermetically sealed in a space surrounded by the frame member and the two plate-like members.

Abstract: A liquid crystal lens comprises a first liquid crystal lens part. The first liquid crystal part comprises first and second flat parallel substrates and a liquid crystal filled between said first and second light-transmitting regions. First and second electrodes are provided on said first and second substrates, respectively, to apply a voltage across the first liquid crystal. An electric heating element is provided on said first substrate to heat said first liquid crystal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal lens apparatus includes a liquid crystal lens unit having first and second substrates including electrodes for applying a voltage a first liquid layer, an electric heating element including at least one high-electrical-resistance section for heating liquid crystal and at least one low-electrical-resistance section that are alternately connected to each other, and a thermo-transmission member spaced apart from the electric heating element for receiving heat from the electric heating element and transmitting the heat through the entire liquid crystal to facilitate heating of the liquid crystal layer by the electric heating element.

Abstract: A translucent laminate sheet includes at least one type of organic phosphor to make wavelength conversion of light emitted from a light source, and light-transmitting members to seal the organic phosphor. The light-transmitting members are formed by two plate-like members and the organic phosphor is disposed to be held between the two plate-like members. A frame member is disposed between the two plate-like members, and the organic phosphor is hermetically sealed in a space surrounded by the frame member and the two plate-like members.

Abstract: A liquid crystal lens apparatus includes a liquid crystal lens unit having first and second substrates including electrodes for applying a voltage a first liquid layer, an electric heating element including at least one high-electrical-resistance section for heating liquid crystal and at least one low-electrical-resistance section that are alternately connected to each other, and a thermo-transmission member spaced apart from the electric heating element for receiving heat from the electric heating element and transmitting the heat through the entire liquid crystal to facilitate heating of the liquid crystal layer by the electric heating element.

Abstract: A liquid crystal lens comprises a first liquid crystal lens part. The first liquid crystal part comprises first and second flat parallel substrates and a liquid crystal filled between said first and second light-transmitting regions. First and second electrodes are provided on said first and second substrates, respectively, to apply a voltage across the first liquid crystal. An electric heating element is provided on said first substrate to heat said first liquid crystal.

Abstract: An ester derivative represented by the following formula (I). ##STR1## In the formula, V, W, X, Y and Z represent a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, respectively. The present invention also comprises a liquid crystal composition containing the ester derivative. The ester derivative can optimize the n value, lower the viscosity and reduce the threshold voltage Vth of the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal composition comprising at least one member selected from 4-alkyl- or 4-alkoxy-benzoic acids represented by the following general formula (I) , particularly a nematic liquid crystal composition comprising a carboxylic acid mixture composed of at least one member selected from 4-alkyl- or 4-alkoxy-benzoic acids represented by the following general formula (I) and at least one member selected from 4-alkylcyclohexanecarboxylic acids represented by the following general formula (IV): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 stands for an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and R.sub.4 stands for an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.