Abstract: A system and method for performing hydrothermal treatment includes a scraper formed as a hollow cylinder. The scraper is positioned in the reactor vessel with the scraper axis substantially co-linear with the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical reactor vessel. A mechanism is provided to rotate the scraper about the longitudinal axis of the reactor vessel. One or more elongated scraper bars are positioned inside the reactor vessel between the scraper and the longitudinal axis of the reactor vessel. Each scraper bar may be held stationary with respect to the reactor vessel, or each scraper bar may rotated relative to an axis passing through the scraper bar to remove any solids that have accumulated on the scraper or on the scraper bar. To prevent accumulation of precipitating solids on the scraper bar itself, each scraper bar may have internal cooling channels or the capability of releasing a purging fluid.

Abstract: A system and method for performing hydrothermal treatment includes a scraper formed as a hollow cylinder. The scraper is positioned in the reactor vessel with the scraper axis substantially co-linear with the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical reactor vessel. A mechanism is provided to rotate the scraper about the longitudinal axis of the reactor vessel. One or more elongated scraper bars are positioned inside the reactor vessel between the scraper and the longitudinal axis of the reactor vessel. Each scraper bar may be held stationary with respect to the reactor vessel, or each scraper bar may rotated relative to an axis passing through the scraper bar to remove any solids that have accumulated on the scraper or on the scraper bar. To prevent accumulation of precipitating solids on the scraper bar itself, each scraper bar may have internal cooling channels or the capability of releasing a purging fluid.

Abstract: The invention relates to an industrial waste crushing bit capable of sufficiently exerting wear resistance from the initial stage of service and improving the service life at low cost. A super-hard member to be inserted in an opening formed in the tip of a bit body is formed into a plate shape and is secured to the bit body in such a manner that the plate faces of the plated-shaped super-hard member are placed in a direction virtually orthogonal to the rotational direction of the bit, with its side being exposed.

Abstract: A welding method in which a pair of base metals are welded together by swinging the welding torch right and left, and a device for practicing the method. In the method, the arc current is continuously detected, and sampling pulses are formed in time slots provided by the swinging motion of the torch. The arc welding currents are sampled and held with the aid of the sampling pulses, whereby the peak values of arc currents flowing when the torch is swung right and left are detected, and the position of the torch is correctively shifted right or left according to the difference between these peak values.

Abstract: In a method of detecting a weld line, the positions of the weld line and the welding wire are detected from the video signal of the weld, which is provided by an industrial television camera. The video signal of the weld is compared with a predetermined threshold so as to be binary-coded into a signal representing a dark part and a signal representing a bright part. Clock signals having a predetermined frequency are counted with the binary-coded signals as gating signals, thereby to count the lengths of the dark part and the bright parts. The count values are subjected to difference processing, so that the positions of the weld line and the welding wire are detected from the maximum values of the results of the difference processing.