Abstract: To achieve an elastic wave element with excellent electrical characteristics. An elastic wave resonator includes a piezoelectric substrate including a piezoelectric body and an IDT electrode, a support substrate, and a first intermediate layer. In the first intermediate layer, an atomic ratio of a metal element is larger than an atomic ratio of a metal element in the piezoelectric body, and an atomic ratio of oxygen is smaller than an atomic ratio of oxygen in the piezoelectric body. A thickness of the piezoelectric body is equal to or less than five times a maximum pitch of electrode fingers of the IDT electrode.

Abstract: A SAW device includes a piezoelectric substrate, a support substrate which is located on a lower surface of the piezoelectric substrate and has a smaller thermal expansion coefficient than that of the piezoelectric substrate, an IDT electrode located on the piezoelectric substrate, a cover forming a space above the IDT electrode, and a plurality of first strip conductors which extend alongside each other on the cover and at least a part of which overlaps the space when viewed on a plane.

Abstract: An antenna terminal is connected to a first filter and second filter, which are branched from each other when viewed from the antenna terminal, and are different in passing bands from each other. An individual inductor is connected in series to a branch point from which the first filter is branched to be independent from other filters when viewed from the antenna terminal. And a common inductor is located between a position between the antenna terminal and the branch point and a reference potential and is commonly connected in parallel with respect to the filters. The first filter is higher in frequency of passing band compared with the other filters. A susceptance when viewing the second filter side from the antenna terminal is larger than a susceptance when viewing the first filter side from the antenna terminal at frequencies of passing bands of them.

Abstract: A SAW device includes a piezoelectric substrate, a support substrate which is located on a lower surface of the piezoelectric substrate and has a smaller thermal expansion coefficient than that of the piezoelectric substrate, an IDT electrode located on the piezoelectric substrate, a cover forming a space above the IDT electrode, and a plurality of first strip conductors which extend alongside each other on the cover and at least a part of which overlaps the space when viewed on a plane.

Abstract: A memory card socket structure includes an arm rotatably moved by an insertion and an extraction of a memory card into and from a card compartment and a memory card detecting function for detecting whether the memory card is inserted into the card compartment. The arm includes a main portion to be in contact with the memory card and a sub portion disposed opposite to the main portion with respect to a rotation shaft thereof, and is located at a rear side of the card compartment. The arm is engaged with a torsion spring whose first end portion is engaged with a first stationary contact but whose second end portion is engaged with the sub portion, whereby the main portion is biased by the spring toward an entrance of the card compartment.

Abstract: A memory card socket structure includes a base shell and a cover shell adapted to face a top and a bottom surface of a memory card, a contact block disposed in a rear side of a card compartment formed by the base shell and the cover shell, and a plurality of contact terminals fixed at the contact block and extended from the contact block toward an opening side of the card compartment to be in contact with terminals of the memory card. The plurality of contact terminals have at least one shorter terminal and at least one longer terminal, the support position at which said at least one longer terminal is supported by the base shell being closer to the opening side of the card compartment than the support position at which said at least one shorter terminal is supported by the contact block.

Abstract: A memory card socket structure includes a base shell and a cover shell adapted to face a top and a bottom surface of a memory card, a contact block disposed in a rear side of a card compartment formed by the base shell and the cover shell, and a plurality of contact terminals fixed at the contact block and extended from the contact block toward an opening side of the card compartment to be in contact with terminals of the memory card. The plurality of contact terminals have at least one shorter terminal and at least one longer terminal, the support position at which said at least one longer terminal is supported by the base shell being closer to the opening side of the card compartment than the support position at which said at least one shorter terminal is supported by the contact block.

Abstract: A memory card socket structure includes an arm rotatably moved by an insertion and an extraction of a memory card into and from a card compartment and a memory card detecting function for detecting whether the memory card is inserted into the card compartment. The arm includes a main portion to be in contact with the memory card and a sub portion disposed opposite to the main portion with respect to a rotation shaft thereof, and is located at a rear side of the card compartment. The arm is engaged with a torsion spring whose first end portion is engaged with a first stationary contact but whose second end portion is engaged with the sub portion, whereby the main portion is biased by the spring toward an entrance of the card compartment.

Abstract: An ultrasonic ground speedometer utilizing Doppler effect of ultrasonic waves comprises an ultrasonic transmitter for outputting an ultrasonic wave at an emitting angle against a road surface, an ultrasonic receiver for receiving a reflected ultrasonic wave caused by reflection of the output ultrasonic wave from the road surface, a signal processor for deriving a Doppler shift frequency between the frequencies of the output ultrasonic wave from the ultrasonic transmitter and the reflected ultrasonic wave received by the ultrasonic receiver, a first arithmetic circuit for deriving the angle difference between the emitting angle and the reception angle defined between the road surface and the propagation direction of the reflected ultrasonic wave received by the receiver, on the basis of the Doppler shift frequency, and a calculating circuit for calculating a ground speed of the vehicle, on the basis of both the Doppler shift frequency and the angle difference.

Abstract: An ultrasonic ground speedometer utilizing Doppler effect comprises an ultrasonic transmitter for outputting an ultrasonic wave at a predetermined angle against a road surface, an ultrasonic receiver for receiving a reflected ultrasonic wave caused by reflection of the output ultrasonic wave from a road surface, an arithmetic circuit for deriving ground speed from Doppler shift between the output ultrasonic wave and the reflected ultrasonic wave. The ultrasonic ground speedometer also includes an output frequency control circuit for controlling the output ultrasonic wave frequency in such a manner as to keep the reflected ultrasonic wave frequency to a constant value in response to changes in ground speed. An amplification degree control circuit is also included for controlling the amplitude of the output ultrasonic wave to keep a substantially constant output intensity of the output ultrasonic wave over an output ultrasonic wave frequency range controlled by the output frequency control circuit.

Abstract: An ultrasonic ground speedometer utilizing Doppler effect comprises an ultrasonic transmitter for outputting an ultrasonic wave at a predetermined angle against a road surface, an ultrasonic receiver for receiving a reflected ultrasonic wave caused by reflection of the output ultrasonic wave from a road surface, an arithmetic circuit for deriving ground speed from Doppler shift between the output ultrasonic wave and the reflected ultrasonic wave. The ultrasonic ground speedometer also includes an output frequency control circuit for controlling the output ultrasonic wave frequency in such a manner as to keep the reflected ultrasonic wave frequency to a constant value in response to changes in ground speed. An amplification degree control circuit is also included for controlling the amplitude of the output ultrasonic wave to keep a substantially constant output intensity of the output ultrasonic wave over an output ultrasonic wave frequency range controlled by the output frequency control circuit.

Abstract: An ultrasonic ground speedometer utilizing Doppler effect comprises an ultrasonic transmitter for outputting an ultrasonic wave having a particular wavelength at a predetermined angle against a road surface, an ultrasonic receiver for receiving a reflected ultrasonic wave caused by reflection of the output ultrasonic wave from the road surface, and a signal processor for deriving ground speed from Doppler shift between the output ultrasonic wave and the reflected ultrasonic wave. The particular wavelength is set to a value within a range of 2.6 mm through 3.4 mm to assure the highest possible S/N ratio for the Doppler shift signal obtained from the signal processor.

Abstract: An aqueous solution containing 0.1 g/l or more of piperidine or a derivative, 100-500 g/l of sulfuric acid, 10-50 g/l of hydrogen peroxide and 0.5 g/l or more of phosphoric acid is used for treating the surface of copper or copper alloy used in manufacturing of printed circuit.